End forty-five: double-slit experiment, quantum entanglement
Science is not fiction and cannot be taken into account.
The guiding ideology of science is generally materialistic, while the guiding ideology of fiction is idealistic in general, and the guiding ideology of science fiction is an idealistic conjecture or fantasy based on materialist science.
If it is completely detached from the foundation of materialist science, it is not science fiction, it is fantasy.
As a science fiction novel, this chapter explains the scientific basis for the "miracles" of the "Flesh Ball" (the Creator).
First of all, one of the world's top ten classical physics experiments, the "double-slit experiment", which is a very famous optical experiment, has left scientists all over the world with a lot of headaches and made us doubt what we see in the world.
In quantum mechanics, a double-slit experiment is an experiment that demonstrates the "wave-likeness" and "particle-likeness" (wave-particle duality) at the microscopic level, such as photons or electrons.
The double-slit experiment is also a kind of "two-path experiment", and the following is a brief description of the experimental process:
With a special device, only one photon is emitted at a time, and there are two gaps in the front shutter, which are set as "Gap A" and "Gap B", and a blackboard is placed behind the shutter.
It is common sense to infer that this photon "has and only" one of the following three conditions at a time:
1. Blocked by a blind.
2. Through Gap A.
3. Pass through the gap B.
It's easy to understand, just like in basketball, there are only two situations in which the result of a shot is either in or out, and it is impossible to have both in and out at the same time.
But the most incredible thing about this experiment is that there is really a state of "both investment and non-investment".
The results of the experiment subverted our common sense, and one photon was able to pass through two gaps at the same time, interfering with itself.
Even more incomprehensible is the fact that if a double slit is precisely measured with another instrument to determine which slit the photons pass through, the interference fringes disappear.
In other words, a photon seems to know whether it has been measured or not, and once it has been measured, it will only pass through one slit, and if we don't measure, it will pass through both slits at the same time.
It's amazing that we can produce two completely different results when we observe or not.
This is not sexual immorality, but the result of a "real" experiment.
Even more surprising was the 100th anniversary of Einstein's birth in 1979 in Princeton.
At the meeting, Joh, a former colleague of Einstein
Wheele
An experiment was proposed, and that was the famous "Delayed Choice Expe."
ime
t Delay Selection Experiment".
Joh
Wheele
Proposed, after this electron passes through the double slit, we quickly put a special camera on the blackboard in the back, what kind of results will we observe?
Five years later, the University of Maryland's Ca
Oll O Alley and his colleagues announced that the experiment had been completed.
The experimental results show that whether or not to put a camera can determine the way in which electrons pass through the double slit.
This means that when we close our eyes and do not look at the electron, the electron is not a real thing, it spreads out and is suspended in space in the form of waves.
And once we open our eyes, the wave function of the electron will collapse in an instant, turning into a real particle that randomly appears in a certain position so that you can see it.
Famous physicist Niels He
ik David Boh
(Bohr) even thinks that the world is determined by our consciousness.
The principle of complementarity says that the electron is both a particle and a wave, with wave-particle duality. But at any given moment, the electron cannot be both a particle and a wave, it can only be one of them. Whether it will be a particle or a wave at all, it depends on whether someone is observing it or not, when no one is observing it, it is a wave, and once someone observes it, it becomes a particle.
It's like when we go to a vegetable market to buy vegetables, if we go and we see it, it's a vegetable market; If we don't go and can't see, it's probably just a bathing center!
Again: it's so magical!
Next, let's explain "quantum entanglement", in simple terms, "quantum entanglement" means that two entangled particles are in a superposition of wave functions, and when one of the particles is measured, the wave function of the two particles will collapse, if the state of one of the particles is 1, the state of the other particle is -1.
A scientist once found a clue in the experiment, he established a three-dimensional model of the universe, and found that as long as the quantum entanglement is removed, the space-time of the universe will be chaotic and become pieces of space-time fragments, and quantum entanglement seems to be an indispensable element in the universe.
And here's what's magical: this collapse happens "instantly", what is "instant"? That is, no matter how far apart these two particles are, they will collapse at the same time.
We all know that, according to Einstein's Theory of Relativity, the speed of light is the fastest in the universe, with the speed of light being about 299792458 m/s.
But the "speed" of quantum entanglement can even reach 10,000 times the speed of light.
In other words, even if these two particles are separated by light for a distance of 10,000 seconds to reach, they can still collapse at the same time.
China's quantum satellite is in the sky, but quantum entanglement is only responsible for verifying the key, not passing on information.
The principle of the "quantum key" is like "Schrödinger's cat", you don't observe, it's in a superposition state, and as soon as you observe, it collapses instantly.
Information transmission is only a representation, and some people think that when one particle is measured, the information of the other particle is instantly "transmitted", and the process of information transmission occurs.
In fact, the information of the other particle is not transmitted, but deduced by the other particle: the two particles are in an entangled state, and this information is already present at the beginning of quantum entanglement, and then follows the entangled particle, so the propagation speed is the same as the speed of the particle's motion.
The entangled state disappears after one measurement, and there is no need to propagate information "faster-than-light", nor does it need to re-establish quantum entanglement "at a distance".
If we mistake two unrelated particles for an entangled state, we can also "know" the state of the other particle.
This shows that the messaging is speculation, not the real messaging.
It's like separating a pair of gloves, we know that one of them is the left glove and the other is the right glove.
The information on the left and right gloves is already present when the gloves are separated.
If you don't know if it's the same glove when you separate the gloves, you won't be able to get the status of the other glove.
In this process, the really valuable information is the correspondence of the two gloves, not the state of the other glove.
Subsequently, changing one glove alone does not transmit information faster than the speed of light to re-establish the correspondence between the two gloves.
Most explanations assume that quantum entanglement is a one-off, and that the "faster-than-light" nature of quantum entanglement is simply a mathematical-logical relationship, and that there is no actual information transfer in the process of quantum entanglement.
It is also believed that the process of information transmission begins at the time of quantum entanglement, and the speed of movement is the same as that of particles, so it does not exceed the speed of light.
In other words, at present, quantum entanglement is only applied to the field of "information encryption" in the field of "quantum communication", rather than relying on entangled states to transmit information.
Because the "observer effect" in quantum mechanical theory negates the possibility of transferring information faster than the speed of light by entangled states.
To put it simply, when one of the two particles in the entangled state changes, the other one changes correspondingly, but this change cannot be observed, because "observing this behavior" will affect the state of the particles.
Therefore, quantum entanglement cannot be used to transmit information.
More generally, when you want to use quantum entanglement to convey a message with the word "hello", you can't see or listen, and the party receiving the information can't see or listen, otherwise it will collapse immediately.
So it makes no sense for humans to transmit information through quantum entanglement.
Meat ball, do you think that if you hide, I won't be able to find you? It's useless, you are such a stylish man, no matter where you go, you are like a firefly in the night, so distinct, so outstanding.
Your melancholy eyes, your embarrassed beard, your miraculous little short arms, and that cup of D
y ma
ti
e, I was fascinated by it.
However, although you are so good, you have rules and regulations, and no matter what, you, as the creator, must come out and explain clearly! Let me explain it to you, don't you have to give money?!