"Halo", a super-quasar with a core black hole with 12.2 billion times the mass of the Sun.

With the huge energy she contains, she easily pierced through a large void and created a super space tunnel leading to the distance.

The abundance of light, radio waves, and X-rays all make the quasar "halo" the most dazzling object in the universe.

But with the appearance of the super space tunnel, within Yuan Chen's line of sight, the originally extremely dazzling super quasar seemed to be devoured and swallowed by a dark giant beast.

Just like the solar eclipse he saw when he was a child during the Earth era, the not-so-large space tunnel blocked the "halo" of the quasar with its astonishing size, and finally produced a visually significant optical illusion.

At this moment, Yuan Haochen's spaceship was quietly floating in the dark cosmic space, and his gaze had shifted from the space tunnel to the direction of the quasar group "Rim World" on the other side.

"The Creator Civilization, and the core forces that save the Alliance, they are there ......"

Although Yuan Haochen thought in his heart, it was a pity that it was not the place where they were going. So, his gaze returned to the dark spot that had been gnawed away from the extremely dazzling eye.

It didn't take long for a familiar voice to sound.

[We must enter the Super Space Tunnel!] 】

It was the Volcano Ball General who was reminding Hara Haochen.

"Where is the silicon-based robot fleet?" Yuan Haochen asked.

[More than 62% of silicon-based mechanical warships have entered the space tunnel. 】

"Well, let's go ahead with the plan."

[Very good, I've started the countdown......]

The next moment, the spaceship that had been quietly floating in the dark space was lit up, and it quickly turned into a little firefly and flew towards the mighty silicon-based robot fleet, and quietly merged into the sea of light.

Slowly approaching the space tunnel, Yuan Haochen knew that it was a barrier.

Forward, it is the star field where the [Gate of Time and Space] No. 1562 energy unit is located.

Behind him is the Odembra Center for Telecommunication, where he has stayed for nearly 150 years.

"Goodbye, quasar halo ......"

Yuan Haochen looked at the bright celestial body that was already quite familiar for the last time and muttered to himself. All the way from the Mir Super Black Hole, he has experienced such a scene many times.

There was a long way to go, and the far reaches of the deep space of the universe were never far away, and he didn't know what he would encounter next.

……

What does the edge of the universe look like (the observable, perceptual edge)?

It's not easy to touch the edge of the horizon of the universe.

For example, the ancients of the Earth Age thought that the world they lived in was borderless. On Earth, whether from the South Pole to the North Pole or from the North Pole to the South Pole, people have never been able to find the boundaries of the Earth. But in fact, later humans knew that the earth has borders.

This is true of the earth, and so is the universe. Thus, in the process of the development of the cosmological system, a common sense was gradually formed that the universe has boundaries.

In ancient times, it was difficult for human beings to touch the dividing line between the earth and the cosmic vacuum, because on the sphere of the earth, they who did not have the ability to travel interstellar were always spinning on the surface of this sphere.

Therefore, it does not have the ability to match the interstellar voyage, and it cannot break through the edge of the horizon of the universe.

Before arriving at the [Gate of Time and Space], there were a few questions that Yuan Haochen had already learned:

First, the edge of the cosmic horizon, like the Earth's atmosphere, is not a clear boundary line, but a transitional region. This transitional area has a very figurative name - Chaos Border.

After about 16 billion years of expansion, the thickness of the chaotic boundary has become wider and wider. According to the exploration data of the main civilization, this distance has now reached more than 30 billion light years. And the further out along the border of chaos, the weaker the influence of our universe on it, and the thinner the cosmic matter becomes. It is precisely because of the increasingly thin interstellar matter, dark energy, and dark matter that exists in this transition area that the earliest exploration fleet that saved the alliance was able to survive in it.

Second, not all fleets or ships have the ability to reach the edge of the cosmic horizon, and even in the world of the Creator civilization, only a very small number of fleets are able to reach the Chaos Boundary through the [Time and Space Gate].

Therefore, spacecraft that can truly break through the chaotic boundary and extend all the way to a radius of 46 billion light-years away are even rarer.

Third, the space beyond the borders of chaos has been defined as another form of time and space by the Alliance of Salvation and Annihilation. However, this form of time and space has not been fully excavated and recognized by the main civilization. There is a real vacuum, and most of the laws of physics still hold, at least on the surface.

Of course, there are also many preconceived notions that have been broken, such as the upper limit of the speed of light in three-dimensional space. If you are also in three-dimensional space, the upper limit of the speed of light outside the chaos boundary or within the chaos boundary is different.

In particular, each point in the Chaos Bounds has a different upper limit on the speed of light. Specifically, the upper limit of the speed of light is measured as follows:

Beyond the Chaos Boundary, which is greater than the Chaos Boundary, and the Chaos Boundary is greater than within the Chaos Boundary (our universe)

In fact, thousands of years ago, human scientists discovered that space expanded faster than the speed of light after the Big Bang. Nowadays, the universe has developed to an immeasurable scale, and it is more difficult for us to observe the other side of it than we imagined*******S: the speed of light in the theory of relativity cannot be exceeded, which means that the speed of information propagation in space cannot exceed the speed of light, but there is no contradiction between this and the expansion of space itself beyond the speed of light. Because the universe is expanding, the farther away from us the celestial bodies will recede, the faster they will recede. At the edge of the universe, many celestial bodies are indeed moving faster than light. If we don't go to them, we'll never see them.

Intuitively, the space of the universe expands faster than the photon, that is, the upper limit of the speed of the photon or other cosmic matter in the region outside the universe exceeds 300,000 km/s. The reason for this is that photons exhibit different propagation speeds in different media.

Light is a transverse wave electromagnetic wave, and in a medium, the speed at which the electric field and the magnetic field are established are different due to the difference in the dielectric constant and magnetization constant, so the speed at which the electric field and the magnetic field are established is also different.

In the early days, it was believed that the maximum speed of light in the cosmic vacuum (the definition of the speed of light in the vacuum: C0=299792458m/s) was only the highest speed reached in the medium of dark energy dark matter. Once the photons leave the expanding universe itself, the speed at which they travel through the true void increases dramatically.

(The above views are my speculation, and book lovers with different opinions are welcome to discuss.) ）

It is precisely because the universe continues to expand at an accelerated pace, so the cosmic coordinates of the [Gate of Time and Space] are also constantly changing, and all celestial bodies are expanding the distance between each other in the rapidly expanding space, even the silicon-based mechanical civilization and the [Gate of Time and Space] No. 1562 energy unit that Yuan Haochen and others are going to only have a dynamic spatial coordinate.

This established fact has caused many problems for the normal operation of the [Time and Space Gate]. Over time, an energy cell or gravitational field module may lose its original utility due to a drastic change in distance from the chaotic boundary.

Just like the [Time and Space Gate] No. 1562 energy unit, the Salvation Alliance was clearly foreseen when it was built. 323,300 years before the energy is completely consumed, it will lose its usefulness prematurely.

Indeed, each unit or component of the [Time and Space Gate] will lose its original role after a certain period of time, but this does not affect their significance in the present.

Therefore, it is also of great significance for the fleet of the silicon-based mechanical civilization to assist in the defense work this time.

……

(No matter where you see this book, please take some time to help cast a free ticket, thank you for your continued support, thank you very much.) ）