——Cited in the "Speech at the Seminar on Comprehensively Deepening Reform for Major Leading Cadres at the Provincial and Ministerial Level to Study and Implement the Spirit of the Third Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee".

■Interpretation

Comrade Xi Jinping has quoted this ancient saying on many occasions, both for the party and abroad. But whether we are talking about the political system or human civilization, whether we are talking about the Chinese way or Confucianism, we want to express the meaning of "diversity". Indeed, from the perspective of political systems, how can it be the same when it comes to political systems, its own national conditions, its own systems, and its own histories? Comrade Xi Jinping has repeatedly stressed that "whether the shoes fit or not, you will know when you wear them", and every country should choose the right path according to its national conditions. From the perspective of human civilization, there are both the Louvre and the Forbidden City, both the pyramids and the Big Wild Goose Pagoda, how can it be the same? Comrade Xi Jinping also emphasized that "the ideology and culture of different countries and nations have their own merits, and there is only a difference between the best and the best, and there is no distinction between high and low." It is the diversity of cultures that makes our world more exciting; It is the unique system that makes our choices richer. From politics to culture, from system to history, only by recognizing differences can we truly respect others and insist on ourselves.

■Original text

He said: "The husband and the thing are not even, and the love of the thing is also." or 相倍蓰 (xǐ), or 相一百, or 相十 million. Compared with the same, it is a chaotic world. Ju 屦 (jù) Xiao 屦 with Jia, how can people do it? From the way of Xu Zi, the hypocrite is also, and the evil can govern the country? ”

- (Warring States) Mencius "Mencius Tengwen Gong I"

■Definition

Mencius said: "If the husband and the thing are not even, the affection of the thing is also." It means that everything in the world is not the same, they all have their own unique personality, which is an objective existence. Mencius pointed out that the value of items varies by one or five times, by ten or a hundred times, and by a thousand or ten thousand times. If you treat them as equals, you are disturbing the world. For this reason, Mencius gave an example of saying that if the price of a juju (a shoe with a rough workmanship) is the same as that of a shoe with a fine workmanship, then who would be willing to make a small tug?

This passage of Mencius emphasizes the difference of things. This is true of the material world, and so is the spiritual world of man. "The Thirty-first Year of Xianggong" said: "The difference between people's hearts is like their faces. "People are different in their hearts, just as they are different. It can be seen that differences are universal.

In contrast to Mencius's view that "things are not uniform", Zhuangzi advocated the "theory of all things". Zhuangzi believes that everything in the world seems to be very different, but in the final analysis, it is the same, which is "Qi Wu", and the main theme of his thought is to "listen to their discord and be self-aligned". This reflects the difference between Taoism and Confucianism, as well as the richness of Chinese culture.