During the period of the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Chen Shubao, the emperor of the Southern Dynasty, lived a luxurious life and ignored the government during his reign, and later the Sui army went south, and his army was vulnerable, and Chen Shubao was captured and died of illness. His poem "Yushu Backyard Flower" was called "the voice of the dead country" by later generations. Liu Yuxi, a poet of the Tang Dynasty, wrote in "Jinling Five Themes: Taicheng": "The six generations of Taicheng compete for luxury, and the knot is the most luxurious in spring." Thousands of households have become weeds, only because of a backyard flower. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, the Kuomintang took over many places and carried out the "Five Sons Dengke" in a big way, which made the people's resentment boil, completely lost the support of the people, and was soon driven away by the revolution led by our party.

——Speech at the Second Plenary Session of the 18th Central Commission for Discipline Inspection (January 22, 2013)

Further reading:

If the emperors of each dynasty are ranked according to the standard of literary talent, Chen Shubao, the queen of Chen of the Southern Dynasty, Li Yu, the queen of the Southern Tang Dynasty, and Zhao Ji of Huizong of the Northern Song Dynasty will definitely be among the best.

Chen Shubao has a special love for poetry and songs, and every time there is a banquet, he will sing poems against the ministers, which played an important role in promoting the standardization of poetry and laying the foundation for the prosperity of Sui and Tang poetry. Poems such as "Yushu Backyard Flowers" show his high literary attainments. Li Yu is proficient in calligraphy, painting, and music, and has certain attainments in poetry and writing, especially in words. "The carved fence and jade masonry should still be there, but Zhu Yan has changed. How sad can you be? It is like a river flowing eastward. A song "Poppy Beauty" has been recited through the ages, giving Li Yu the reputation of "the emperor of words". Zhao Ji created a calligraphy font "thin gold font", and the flower and bird paintings are self-contained, which is a rare artistic all-rounder in ancient times.

Shen Xiong of the Qing Dynasty said in "Ancient and Modern Words", "The country is unfortunate and the poet is lucky, and he is endowed with vicissitudes of life." No matter how high Chen Shubao, Li Yu, and Zhao Ji's literary and artistic attainments are, they all fail in governing the country and rejuvenating the country. Chen Shubao indulged in vulgar fat and glamorous pink, and finally led to the defeat of the country. "Yushu Backyard Flowers" is therefore called "the voice of the dead country" by later generations, and Liu Yuxi also sighed that "thousands of households and thousands of doors become weeds, only because of a backyard flower". Du Mu stayed in Qinhuai at night, and heard the singer singing "Yushu Backyard Flowers", and couldn't help but sigh that "the merchant girl doesn't know the hatred of the country, and she still sings the backyard flowers across the river".

As the saying goes, "the beginning of extravagance, the gradual demise of danger", in all dynasties, the prosperity of extravagance is a precursor to decline. "Five sons Dengke" was originally a popular saying for Chinese folk blessings. Five generations after the Zhou period, there was a person named Dou Yujun in Yanshan Mansion, his five sons were excellent in character and learning, and successively ascended to the first and first, so it was called "five sons of Dengke". After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, the important members of the Kuomintang took advantage of the opportunity of recovering the lost land to make a big profit, and "gold, houses, tickets, cars, and women (the wives and concubines of traitors)" became the targets of the "receiving officials" to steal and plunder, and were ridiculed by the people of the time as the new "five sons of Dengke". As a result, public resentment boiled, the Kuomintang lost popular support, and finally ended up in defeat and fled to Taiwan.

Chen Shubao's "Voice of the Dead Country" warns of the dangers of arrogance and lasciviousness, reminds the importance of sticking to the spirit of hard work with "a visit to the former virtuous country and home, and becomes from diligence and thrift, and from luxury", and warns against hedonism and extravagance with "Zhumen's wine and meat stink, and there are frozen bones on the road...... Xi Jinping borrowed the past to warn the present, and borrowed poetry and words to give party members and cadres a specific and profound understanding of the style issue. In Xi Jinping's view, maintaining flesh-and-blood ties with the people and preventing the party from becoming corrupt and degenerating under the condition of long-term rule "is a major political task that we must grasp well."

There is another implication of the "voice of the dead country", that is, the construction of work style must start with the politicians, and the "key minority" must first put themselves in it, so that they can "go up and work down". Shortly after the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, Xi Jinping visited Guangdong, with no heavily guarded security and no welcome banners. When he went to Fuping, Hebei Province to visit the poor and ask about the poor, he ate simple meals with his entourage. In Wuhan, Hubei Province, he braved the rain to inspect the Yangluo container port area of Wuhan New Port, he rolled up his trouser legs, made his own umbrella, and learned about the situation on the spot. These performances of taking the lead in setting an example have made the cadres and the masses see the firm determination of the Party Central Committee to govern the Party and the political responsibility of setting an example.