-- "Young people should consciously practice the core values of socialism

——Speech at the Symposium of Teachers and Students of Peking University".

■Interpretation

This old saying speaks of the different stages of learning. From erudition to practice, we can learn to rely on, learn to achieve, and learn to use. When Comrade Xi Jinping quoted this sentence, he raised the question of thinking, learning and practice. He believes that these three should complement each other, and knowledge and action should be one. "Knowledge" is the foundation and premise, and "action" is the key and key, so we must promote "action" with "knowledge", and promote "knowledge" with "action", so as to achieve the unity of knowledge and action. If we cannot combine the knowledge we have learned with self-discipline and self-cultivation, with development practice, and with problem solving, then the so-called learning may go astray in an illusory way, and it is difficult to achieve the real purpose of learning to run morality, learn to self-cultivation, and learn to start a business. Comrade Mao Zedong proposed that the purpose of study is all application, and we must make good use of the "arrow" of Marxism to shoot the "arrow" of the Chinese revolution; Comrade Deng Xiaoping proposed that studying Marxism-Leninism should be refined and effective. A learning political party is not an academic or book-based party, but a practical one. We must not only study, but also reflect the results of learning in our work, so that we can truly learn, learn and learn well.

■Original text

Erudition, inquiry, prudence, discernment, and practice. There is Buddha learning, and learning is also Buddha and Buddha; There is a Buddha who asks, and the Buddha who asks knows the Buddha Cuo; There is Ferth, and the Philip of Thought; There is a Buddha discernment, and the Buddha of the discernment is also a Buddha and a Buddha cuo; There is a Buddha line, and the line is a Buddha and a Buddha cuo. If one person can do it, he will do it for a hundred; Ten people are capable, and they are thousands. If you can do this, although you are stupid, you will be clear, and if you are soft, you will be strong.

——(Spring and Autumn Period to Qin and Han Dynasties) "The Book of Rites: The Mean"

■Definition

"Erudition, interrogation, prudence, discernment, and practice" is a famous sentence about learning in Chapter 20 of "The Mean". The five "zhi" characters in the sentence refer to the object of learning - all kinds of knowledge. It means learning a wide range of knowledge, asking others in detail, thinking carefully, distinguishing right from wrong clearly, and practicing it in a down-to-earth manner.

This passage divides learning into five closely linked links, or five progressive stages. "Erudition" emphasizes that learning should first be widely involved in all kinds of knowledge, so as to "embrace all rivers and rivers, and tolerance is great". "Interrogation" is the second stage, and "interrogation" means detailed and thorough. That is, the knowledge should be explored in detail, and the root cause should be truly understood. After that, it must be digested through careful and careful thinking, which is called "careful thinking". "Discernment" is the fourth stage, which distinguishes the knowledge learned, extracts the essence from the coarse, and retains the truth from the false; Otherwise, the so-called "erudition" will be uneven, and there will be no distinction between the true and the false. "Duxing" is the final stage, and "Du" has the meaning of being down-to-earth, single-minded and persevering. We must apply what we have learned and achieve "the unity of knowledge and action". "The Mean" tells us that if we can study in such an orderly and gradual way, then "although foolish, we must be clear, although soft we must be strong".