When people hear the word "impermanence", the first thing that comes to mind is that it is an adjective, which means changeable. The earliest to use this adjective was Xunzi, "tending to be uncertain, which is impermanent." Nowadays, people often say: "life is impermanent" and "everything is impermanent". Buddhism believes that everything in the world is born and dies without permanent residence. All the Dharma of Existence is born by fate, according to the four phases of birth, residence, difference, and extinction, and is born and destroyed in an instant, and there is no present and no future, so it is generally called "impermanence".

In the Buddhist "Sutra of the Ten Kings", it is said: "The king of Yama sent the demon pawns of Yama, one soul-snatcher, two spirit-snatchers, and three spirit-bound ghosts, that is, three souls were bound to the door under the tree." The above "three ghosts" are impermanence messengers who specialize in seducing souls.

Later, probably under the influence of Buddhism's negative thinking of "life is impermanent, death and life are fate", in Chinese folk superstition and legends, impermanence has also become the name of the "soul hooking ghost" who hooked the soul of the world under the tent of King Yama. In the "ghost domain" Fengdu, there is a hall of impermanence, and the inner hall is dedicated to the mountain gods who are in charge of the beasts on the mountain and protect the safety of people and animals - the statues of the king of Baoshan, impermanence and impermanence Niangniang, as well as the hideous and terrifying, the statues of the chicken-foot ghosts, eagle generals, and snake generals who are dedicated to catching bad people.

Although the status of impermanence in the underworld is not high, it has a great influence in folk superstition, because whoever wants to "see" him will die immediately. The ancients had a poem: "If there is impermanence once it comes, the sword tree and the sword mountain will not let go." This shows the power of impermanence ghosts, and it is understandable why the people want to portray impermanence as an abominable image with a high hat and a long tongue. But this terrible impermanence ghost appeared relatively late, and most of the original soul envoys were transformed into ordinary human officials, which did not make people feel terrifying.

There is such a story in the Han Dynasty, once Zhou Shi went to Donghai County, and on the way he met an official errand with a book and asked to take his ship. After traveling more than ten miles, the official said to Zhou Shi: "I will visit a person, and this volume of documents will be stored on the ship first, and it must not be opened." After the official went, Zhou Shi was curious, opened it and peeked, it was full of names of dying people, and finally there were Zhou Shi names.

When the official came back and found out, he was very angry, and Zhou Shi kowtowed and bled and begged for mercy. After a long time, the official said, "Thank you for taking me all the way, but the name on the document cannot be removed." You will not be allowed to leave the house for three years after returning home, and you will not be allowed to die. Don't tell anyone about it. Zhou Shi stayed at home after returning home, and his family felt strange for more than two years.

Later, when a neighbor died, Zhou's father forced him to go to mourn. Zhou Shi was helpless, and when he went out, he met the previous official, who said: "I was whipped by you, and told you not to go out for three years, but you went out today, and I had no choice, and I came to pick you up in three days." Three days later, he came to ask for his life, and Zhou Shi died.

The soul seducer in this story is not only terrifying, but also very good at talking and humane, but the future soul seducer is getting more and more ghostly, and his appearance is becoming more and more terrifying.

Bai Impermanence's name is Xie Bi'an, and Black Impermanence is named Fan Wusheng, Black and White Impermanence has been righteous since childhood, and they are like siblings.

Let's reveal the secret, and learn that in Chinese superstition, there are two kinds of impermanence: "black impermanence" and "white impermanence", and people are usually called "impermanence two masters". The name of the white impermanence is Xie Bi'an, and the name of the black impermanence is Fan Wuxuan. Also known as "Seventh Master" and "Eighth Master".

It is said that Xie Fan and his wife have been married since childhood, and they are like brothers and sisters. One day, the two walked together to the Nantai Bridge, it was going to rain, the seventh master asked the eighth master to wait for a while, go home to get an umbrella, unexpectedly after the seventh master left, the thunderstorm poured, the river soared, the eighth master did not want to miss the appointment, but because of his short stature, he was drowned in the water, and soon the seventh master took the umbrella and rushed to come, the eighth master was missing, the seventh master was in pain, and hung himself on the bridge pillar (so many images of white impermanence are stretched out with a long red tongue).

Lord Yama was so faithful that he ordered them to arrest the lawbreakers in front of the city god. Some people say that Xie Bi'an is to reward the gods and be safe; Fan is not saved, that is, the person who breaks the law is not saved, of course, this is all folklore.

Black impermanence green clothes and green hats, hideous eyes and teeth, fierce appearance, high hat with the words "see me die" or "you also come", which makes people tremble. This impermanence master does not recognize his six relatives, and carries an iron chain in his hand, specializing in catching the souls of the dead who do evil in the world. And Bai Wuchang is a white coat and white hat, kind eyebrows, full of smiles, and the high hat reads "See me to make money" or "Joy at first sight", which makes people feel kind and approachable.

He shook the puff fan in his hand, specially welcoming the souls of the dead who had done good deeds and accumulated virtues to return to the underworld. It is said that Bai Wuchang likes to make fun of the living, he looks down on cowards, if anyone looks at him and runs, he will chase after him, while chasing back while screaming strangely, those who run away are often frightened to death.

If you are a bold person, you don't have to run away when you see him, you can make faces and gestures with him, and he will also make faces and gestures with you, at this time if you throw bricks or mud at him, he will pick up the gold and silver ingots around his neck and throw them at the other party until he finishes throwing. Bai Wuchang will run away because he has lost all his treasures, he will run while sighing, and then those who are not afraid of ghosts can make a fortune. This is the origin of the words "See me and make money" written on the high hat of Bai Wuchang.

The black and white impermanence and bull-headed horse face of the underworld are the most famous ghosts in the underworld. They are dedicated to hunting down ghosts, assisting in rewarding the good and punishing the evil, and are the generals of the gods of the underworld such as the King of Yama, the City God, and the Emperor Dongyue. Although they are both clergy of the underworld, there is a fundamental difference between black and white impermanence and bull head and horse face, they are not only different in the nature of their work, but also high and low.

After the black and white chains and shackles capture the ghosts in the Yang world, they enter the Ghost Gate, where they will carry out the task handover with the bull head and horse face. From then on, the ghosts will be escorted by the bull-headed horse-faced, set foot on the Huangquan Road, come to the Lechuan River, walk across the Naihe Bridge, stand on the lookout platform and look at the world for the last time, and then be taken by the bull-headed horse-faced to the Yama Emperor, who will tell the Yama Heavenly Son about the ghost's crimes in the world.

In folklore, the bull-headed horse face is the minions of the king of Hades and judges, sometimes he likes to take advantage of small advantages, sometimes he does something illegal and undisciplined, and sometimes he is very sympathetic.

The horse face is also called the horse head rakshasa, "rakshasa" is the evil ghost, so the horse head rakshasa is the horse head ghost, the image is the horse head human body, and the bull head is an old partner. The eighth volume of the "Lengyan Sutra" says that "the divine consciousness of the deceased, seeing the great iron city, the fire snake and the fire dog, the tiger and the wolf and the lion, the bull-headed jailer, the horse-faced rakshasa with a spear in hand, drove into the city and went to the infernal prison." “

In fact, Niu Tou Ma Mian was also in charge of real power in the underworld, and he could enter and exit between the Yin and Yang worlds, and did black and white impermanence work, but later became a small errand under the king of Yama, speaking of which was because they liked to take advantage of small advantages.

A long time ago, there was a member surnamed Ma, because he was sixty years old, he had married eleven "partial houses", and there was only one Duding. The day before he held a wedding for his son's eighteenth birthday, a Mr. Bazi passed by in front of the door, and Ma Yuanwai asked Mr. Bazi to calculate a hexagram for his son. Mr. Bazi hesitated for a moment and said, "Your young master Fu Lu is good, but it's a pity that Yang Shou is too short, only eighteen years!"