Steven Chu has a document in his hand, provided by Gates, and the first person on this list is named Craig Venter, a famous man in the history of science, a legendary figure in the achievements of the International Human Genome Project more than a decade ago. Pen × fun × Pavilion www. ｂｉｑｕｇｅ。 ｉｎｆｏ

He is an existence that single-handedly competes with the whole world, a person can be comparable to the five rogue life scientists, he always appears in all kinds of news, acts in an uninhibited style, and always wears a very characteristic suit with white and black, which is his custom-made suit, and specially attends various ceremonies.

Uninhibited, synonymous with a science maniac, Craig is different from those scientists who are silent in the lab, but from time to time he holds press conferences to announce his latest progress and puts himself in the light of a scientist!

He never knew how to keep a low profile, he was always outspoken, and countless people accused him of being a liar, but no one regarded him as a hope for mankind!

On the 14th of the month, Venter was born in a civilian family in Salt Lake City, Utah, USA, and his busy working parents rarely had time to play with him, which gave Venter unlimited freedom, and a bear child was born without the care of his parents.

Engraved with an adventurous gene in his bones, Venter loved to play the "heartbeat game", and when he was a child, Venter lived next to the railway, and there were trains coming and going every day, Venter threw coins on the railroad and let the passing trains flatten the numbers on it.

He also put his ear to the rails before the train arrived, and he and his friends held out longer than anyone else! He would even climb up and down the carriage to and from the roar of the train driver! These are all achievements in his childhood.

Venter doesn't like school, and in his eyes, going to school is the most boring thing in the world! When he was in high school, his grades were so bad that he made mistakes in spelling even the simplest words.

But he is an athlete, he has shown great talent in swimming, he has never been systematically trained, and he actually broke the local swimming record in one competition!

Seeing his swimming talent, Arizona State University threw an olive branch to him. But tired of the conformist life, Venter turned down an invitation from the University of Arizona, and he came to Southern California, where he lived a chic life of drinking, surfing, and pickling girls.

In 1967, during the First Vietnam War, he persuaded his family to come to the Vietnam battlefield where the artillery was raging, and the conscripted Venter took the recruit IQ test, and the results were shocking, this troublemaker with terrible grades since childhood actually had a high IQ of 142!

Crushing the IQ of all recruits gives him the right to choose his class, Venter decides to enroll in the Navy Hospital and become a medics. Before that, he had never had any experience in studying medical care, and this naughty child from a young age entered the palace of life sciences.

I don't know when it began, "The 21st century is the era of life sciences!" This slogan is loud and loud, it is countless people who have entered the field of biology, and when they want to take the postgraduate examination, they find that there are more monks and less porridge, and they are not top students, and it is impossible to enter the work of the Institute of Life Sciences.

took the graduation certificate and walked into the society, faced with one rejection letter after another, politely rejecting the application for employment. These biology graduates sighed at how they had come to believe that slogan in the first place.

War is extremely cruel, and this standard mischievous student, on the battlefield, did not "disgrace" as his family expected, but performed exceptionally well on the battlefield!

He once did not close his eyes for more than five days and five nights, treating thousands of soldiers! The terrible war made him suspicious of the world, and this child, who was once not afraid of heaven and earth, once wanted to escape it by committing suicide!

"I want to escape from the thousands of corpses that have been brought from the jungle." He left a suicide note, and then stood on the beach, swimming towards the deep sea without looking back, his only thought was to sink to the bottom of the sea when his strength was exhausted, and disappear with their comrades on this turbid earth.

Unfortunately, he ran into a shark, and when the shark tried to attack him, he burst out with unprecedented strength and fled back to shore, and after committing suicide once, he escaped death and never wanted to commit suicide a second time!

"The thought of dying is gone, I want to live, I want to be different. This thought is stronger than any thought in the previous 21 years. I became interested in medicine and science in almost the most difficult and hostile circumstances. At the time, I was just amazed at how little medical knowledge and technology we had. In the Vietnam battlefield, life was so cheap that my sense of mission was born from this, and I couldn't waste any more time. ”

In an interview where he became famous, he told reporters that his whole life began the most powerful beginning! He has taken life sciences to a position never before before!

He chose to retire and did not accept the Purple Heart awarded in front of the White House in the United States, which, in his opinion, was something poured with blood and was not worth receiving at all.

After more than 20 days of contemplation at home and enjoying the peaceful life after the war, he decided to pick up a new book and start anew, and he always remembered the words of his master on the battlefield in Vietnam: "After the war, you must go to university, and you give people the impression that you are like those who are uneducated but very gifted." Try it instead of doing nothing. ”

After three semesters at a community college, Venter got straight A's and was admitted to the University of California, San Diego.

In 6 years, he went from a Venter, who almost failed to graduate from high school and refused an admission letter, to a double doctor of physiology and medicine!

After graduating, Venter joined the National Institutes of Health, and although he had sufficient funds and equipment to conduct research, Venter could not be happier, and he was free by nature to work in the National Institute, like a bird in a cage, and he felt very irritated by the endless approval work.

"Can you imagine a very good idea, a very good paper, being said by the FDA people to have no value! It's like making a very sumptuous dinner and being called ****! So I'm ready to escape from such a bureaucratic hell! ”

In 1990, the International Human Genome Project - HGP was officially launched, a project that brought together biologists from six countries around the world to open up the secrets of genes. Venter participated in the sequencing efforts, but all new sequencing methods were obliterated by endless audits.

The mainstream sequencing method is to measure tens of millions or even hundreds of millions of base pairs on a piece of DNA one by one by adding strand stop nucleotides.

Venter had in mind the idea of the "shotgun method", the idea of the shotgun, bullet and gun sequencing method, which is to break the genome into millions of DN** segments, and then use a certain algorithm to reintegrate the sequence information of the fragments together to obtain the entire genome sequence.

His method was not recognized, everyone thought he was a madman, millions of DNA fragments, how could it be successfully sequenced! It's like a madman, and the National Health Research Laboratory has stopped all his scientific research funding!

His personality is very unruly, how could he stand this kind of anger and get out of this bureaucratic hell and form a company by himself.

At the first meeting of the company, he spoke of his ambitious ambitions!

"Those guys who eat dry rice every day don't understand the convenience of this shotgun technique! We're going to prove them wrong! We need to complete the Human Genome Project faster than they do! That's what I set up my company for! ”

In 1998, he found the person who was willing to give him the money, the Perkin Elmer Company! Injected him with $300 million and allowed him to set up the Celera Company!

On the day of its establishment, he "arrogantly" said into the microphone of the media, "I want to complete the sequencing of the human genome within 3 years, and I will apply for patent protection for the detected genes!" And make a profit from it! ”

He didn't deduct Kyoyan, but he really did it, and it took him just one year to do the sequencing work that took six countries seven years to complete, and he began to take the lead.

Venter's company has made one breakthrough after another, no matter how much his opponents hate his show-off, no matter how many people criticize his ambition to "apply for genetic patents", they have to admit it! Venter is really ahead of the curve of the Human Genome Project!

This madman fulfilled his promise, and with his own strength, he beat scientists all over the world!

With the help of then-US President Bill Clinton, a reluctant Venter joined the Six-Nation Group led by Collins, agreeing to upload the measured data to a database that would be available for free download.

In the past 8 years, the Human Genome Project has only been completed by 3%, but when Venter joined HGP again, in just 3 years, the Human Genome Project was 90% complete!

In 2000, the genetic sketch of the Human Genome Project, which was originally scheduled to be completed in 2005, was completed! Venter sided with President Clinton and became a household name scientist.

He appeared on the cover of Time magazine and was named "Millennium Scientist of the Year!" ”

However, he failed to live up to the platinum company that helped him in the first place, Elmer Company, so he was fired by the Serera Company, of course, this time was of an honorable nature, and when he was fired, the Celera Company gave him $100 million as compensation.

This guy who is good at making things is not discouraged because of his resignation, he is still doing things! (To be continued.) )