Cheers were finally heard in the brightly lit School of Intelligent Science, so loud that they could be heard by the other three branches and transportation hubs. Pen? Interesting? Pavilion wWw. ｂiquge。 ｉｎfo

What's going on? This is the psychological activity of the unknown melon-eating masses who heard the cheers, this kind of cheers really made them wonder, and Zhu Cheng chose to stuff the news in his stomach and make a fortune.

His single-atom capture program was a perfect success, which allowed him to finally take a step forward in quantum science, which had been stagnant for so long, and the significance of this step was to make the basic problems of quantum computers come to naught, and as long as a few more problems were solved, the advent of quantum computers would no longer be on paper.

The reason why this thing is so difficult involves so many things, and human beings have been asking since the beginning of studying physics, what is light? What is matter? This problem has plagued mankind for 5,000 years and has not been completely solved until now.

Zhu Cheng is still puzzled by a problem, that is, he has captured enough single atoms, and can help him build a "Schrödinger's cat" state system with high fault tolerance quantum computer core, quantum CPU, we can simply understand that this CPU is equivalent to the computing power of tens of trillion silicon wafer CPUs.

Schrödinger's cat is a proposition that has been pending in physics until now, and countless people have put forward hypotheses for this, although with the efforts of Bohr and Heisenberg, with the German mathematician Maxborn, several conjectures put forward can barely explain Schrödinger's cat conjecture, but it is still an unsolved proposition.

And for a long time it hung over the minds of all physicists.

Bohr once described quantum science and quantum mechanics as follows: "If anyone hears quantum theory without any confusion, then he must not have understood." ”

Schrödinger, a nickname left by the Austrian physicist, was called Cat Torturer.

What he tried to elaborate was to elaborate the principle of quantum superposition at the microscopic scale from a macroscopic perspective.

In a sealed container there is a cat, a gas barrel, a pile of radioactive material, and a Gaia counter that controls the opening and closing of the gas barrel, which measures the particles emitted by the radioactive material.

Radioactive material has a 50% chance of emitting a particle and a 50% chance of not emitting a particle. When the Gaia counter detects particles, it opens the gas barrel and poisons the cat to death.

Of course, it is very likely that the cat was extremely lucky, and the radioactive material did not emit particles, and the poor cat would have survived.

So the question is, is the cat alive or dead when people are not opening the box?

The moment the observer opens the lid, they can observe the cat's life and death, the wave function alive, the wave function dead, and if the cat dies, the observer's action kills the cat.

But when we don't open the lid, the radioactive material is in a superposition of decay or non-decay, and this cat is a superposition of life or death.

Is a cat dead and alive at the same time? Is it in a state of immortality? It is too much of a conflict with common sense, and at the same time, from a biological point of view, it is also an aggressive thing, if our cat can talk, what a bizarre superposition of life and death can it tell?

Schrödinger's occasional reflection has also provoked discussions, and the uncertainty of the microscopic world has become the uncertainty of macroscopic particles. The famous uncertainty principle was born.

This theory made mathematics, a powerful tool for people's science, lose its role, and caused the edifice of physics to collapse with a bang.

His statement is very simple, only one sentence, we can't observe the position of a quantum or its velocity at the same time, if we want to observe the position of a quantum, we have to measure it with the shortest wavelength of electromagnetic waves, but we can't measure its speed.

If we want to observe the speed of the quanta, we have to use a long enough wave. So that we can't measure his position.

And a specific object, with a position without velocity, with velocity without a position, how ridiculous!

The theory of uncertainty also bothered Zhu Cheng, the core of his current quantum computer, the CPU of a high-fault tolerant quantum computer with a "Schrödinger's cat" state system, which is very important.

He is not worried about the development of quantum computers, but now he has completed the "Schrödinger" state of the photon, the "Schrödinger" state of the atom, and if he completes the "Schrödinger" state of his CPU-molecular state next.

So what's next? Viral, single-celled, multicellular tissues and even the "Schrödinger" state of humans?

If you confirm the position, you can't confirm the speed, and if you confirm the speed, you can't observe the position, and there are people who exist and don't exist in the subjective world, but who actually exist?

What he's facing now is that he now has a whole bunch of single atoms.

Now their speed is low enough, then he can't observe his "quantum's" position, and if he freezes it out, then his can observe the "quantum's" position, but too fast and the "quantum" will break free from his trap and escape.

This is not a problem that can be solved by reinforcing the cage, which itself is made of multiple atoms, and if the freeze is finished, the cage will fall apart.

So, he was confused, how should he find the location of his atoms? If there is no place for atoms, the CPU of a quantum computer cannot be born at all, and this is the most important problem.

He touched the hair on his head, knowing that if he couldn't solve this problem, then his quantum computer simply couldn't exist.

When he was researching quantum computers, the first problem he encountered was frozen atoms, which was solved in Steven Chu's optical syrup with liquid nitrogen and laser, and the second problem was to effectively capture single atoms, which was perfectly solved in the Academy of Intelligent Sciences.

Now facing the third obstacle, his "quantum" is like a ghost, if it heats up and accelerates the speed of atoms, then what he did before is meaningless.

He now has two tools to draw on, the first is an old school called Copenhagen hermeneutics. This tool is based on a paradox, which seems to be wrong, but is actually an objective law that exists universally in the scientific community, and the paradox is not a logically contradictory proposition like a paradox.

Copenhagen Interpretation: Any experiment in physics, whether it is about everyday phenomena or atomic events, is described in the terms of classical physics. Both the macrocosm and the microcosm can be explained and described by classical mechanics.

For example, now Zhu Cheng is very interested in the single atom in his cage, and has observed the initial velocity and initial position of the individual atom in a certain way, although this measurement is inaccurate according to the uncertainty principle.

But this inaccuracy is within a limited range, and by using the probability function of the mathematical tool to represent the possible errors, he can "approximately" measure the velocity and position of his single atom.

This "approximately" method of using a single atom is the method used by the famous quantum computer "D-Wave", called the annealing algorithm.

This computer is quite powerful, with 512 qubits of encoding, but the results of the annealing algorithm are correct and wrong.

This is completely intolerable for more serious scientists! Similarly, Zhu Cheng can't stand it!

The second tool, called the Fractal Universe, is that in this plane the cat is dead, and in another plane, the cat is alive.

Hugh Everett proposed a "many-world interpretation", which corresponds to the Copenhagen interpretation.

Point out that both cats are real. There is a live cat, there is a dead cat, and they are in different worlds.

When we look into the box, the whole world splits into its own two planes. Both versions are identical in every other respect.

The only difference is that in one of the planes, the atoms decayed, and the Gaia counter measured the radioactive particles, released poisonous gas, and killed the cat; And in the other plane, the atoms do not decay, the Gaia counter does not react, and the cat is alive.

If Albert Einstein had been alive, he would have appreciated this argument and increased his support for it, because he famously said that "God doesn't roll dice", which has influenced the development of physics to this day.

But imagine that because of this uncertainty of photons, electrons, atoms, and molecules, do we really need to fractal this universe?

Every jump of an electron, every diffraction of a photon, every character typed on a keyboard, can create a universe?

So, how many universes have been created since the Big Bang? Is the amount of the universe growing at an alarming rate every second?

This theory seems to be to explain the diffraction of a small electron and to create a huge universe?

How many branches and how many fractal universes have grown on the trunk of the universe?

Zhu Cheng suddenly felt that his hair would be a little thinner, and if he used the first tool, Copenhagen interpretation, he would have to do experiments like "almost", "probably", "probably", and "seemingly", which was completely unbearable for him, a scientifically literate person.

If we want to use the second tool of "multi-world interpretation", then well, the whole universe is expanding at a geometric speed, and every time we make an action, it is possible to create a universe, how terrible!

And when all the people in the laboratory were about to celebrate, seeing Zhu Cheng's face full of sadness, his voice slowly lowered, and a bold assistant stepped forward weakly and asked, "Boss, we have succeeded in the experiment, why are you unhappy?" Could it be that the experiment was wrong? ”

"We've passed the atomic interferometer and made the single-atom interference fringes emerge, but we have a serious problem!" (To be continued.) )