At 14:11 on April 25, 2015, an earthquake of magnitude 8.1 occurred in Nepal (28.2 degrees north latitude, 84.7 degrees east longitude), with an epicenter depth of 20 kilometers and 31 aftershocks. The epicenter was located in Pokhara, with a maximum intensity of X degrees, and the area of severe intensity extended eastward from the epicenter.

As of 2:00 p.m. on April 26, 2015, the earthquake has killed 2,263 people and injured 4,647 people, including Tibet, India, Bangladesh, Bhutan and other places.

Introduction to Nepal

The Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal, referred to as Nepal, is a mountainous landlocked country in South Asia, the birthplace of Buddhism, one of the world's three major religions, located in the southern foothills of the Himalayas, the terrain is high in the north and low in the south, most of the territory is hilly, and the land above 1 km above sea level accounts for nearly half of the total area. There are many high mountains on the east, west and north sides; Central valley area, mostly hilly; The southern part is an alluvial plain with forests and grasslands. Nepal's climate is basically only two seasons, from October to March of the following year is the dry season (winter), with very little rainfall and a large temperature difference between morning and evening; The rainy season (summer) is from April to September, and the weather is particularly hot in April and May, and the rains from May onwards are often the prelude to the rainy season and last until the end of September. Nepal earthquake

At 14:11 on April 25, 2015, an earthquake of magnitude 8.1 occurred in Nepal (28.2 degrees north latitude, 84.7 degrees east longitude), with an epicenter depth of 20 kilometers and 31 aftershocks. The epicenter was located in Pokhara, with a maximum intensity of X degrees, and the area of severe intensity extended eastward from the epicenter. The epicenter of the earthquake was in Pokhara, the second largest city in Nepal and a famous tourist destination. The vicinity of the epicenter is a mountainous and fragmented terrain, and the risk of secondary disasters such as landslides is extremely high. The seismic performance of buildings in the earthquake area is very poor, and the building types are mainly masonry structures and adobe houses. The earthquake is a shallow earthquake, the energy released is 1.4 times that of the Wenchuan earthquake, the seismic intensity of the extreme seismic area may reach more than X degrees, and the seismic intensity of Jilong Town, Shigatse, Tibet, may reach VIII degrees, and the affected area is nearly 200,000 square kilometers. Causes of earthquakes

Earthquake, also known as ground motion and ground vibration, is a natural phenomenon that causes vibration during the rapid release of energy from the earth's crust, during which seismic waves will be generated. The squeezing and collision between plates on the earth causes dislocation and rupture on the edge of the plate and the interior of the plate, which is the main cause of ground shaking (i.e., earthquake). The direct dynamics of the Nepal earthquake were caused by the convergence of the Indian Ocean plate and the Eurasian plate, which had a significant impact on the tectonic pattern of the whole of Asia. Words related to earthquakes

1. The verbs that mean earthquake in English (i.e., the verb meaning "the earthquake occurred in...") are: hit, strike, make the strike suddenly shake; Shake; Shake jolt make jolt, shake rock, shake, shake, make vibration roll across ripple, undulating, rolling through split, break; Rush forward, rampage straight ahead

2. The verbs that describe the degree of damage to an earthquake are (in descending order of damage):

damage, damage; [Spoken] hurt, destroy, destroy, destroy; shatter destruction; Destroy; Destruction devastate ravages, destroys; to make it desolate; Destroy the level and raze the flatten to the ground

3. Seismology-related vocabulary:

Seismology Seismology Seismology Seismograph Seismographer Seismographer Volcanic Seismic Zone

1. The world's two major volcanic seismic zones (1) the surrounding areas and island countries of the Pacific Rim (e.g., Japan); The Mediterranean, the surrounding area of the Himalayas. (2) The Pacific Rim Volcanic Seismic Zone and the Mediterranean Himalayan Volcanic Seismic Zone. 2. Earthquake disasters in China's volcanic seismic zones (1) southeast-Taiwan and Fujian coastal areas, (2) North China-Taihang Mountains and Beijing-Tianjin-Tangbo-Bohai regions (3) southwest-Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, (4) Yunnan and western Sichuan, (5) northwest-Xinjiang, Shaanxi, Gansu and Ningbo areas

The direct disasters caused by it are: (1) the destruction of buildings and structures, such as the collapse of houses, the breaking of bridges, the cracking of dams, and the deformation of railroad tracks, (2) the destruction of the ground, such as ground cracks, collapses, water spraying and sand, (3) the destruction of natural objects such as landslides, landslides, and (4) the huge waves caused by tsunamis, submarine earthquakes, and the destruction of coastal areas. (5) In some major earthquakes, there is also the phenomenon of earth light burning people and animals. How to reduce earthquake damage

1. It is necessary to do a good job in the seismic fortification of construction projects and be prepared for danger in times of peace. Do a good job in the popularization of science on earthquake prevention and disaster reduction, improve the awareness of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction among the whole people, do not build cities on earthquake zones, build houses stronger, don't cut corners, and it is best to build earthquake-proof; 2. Carry out earthquake disaster escape drills or popularize escape knowledge, so that people can learn how to escape correctly at critical moments; 3. Architectural design: use lightweight, easy-to-disassemble materials to build buildings to reduce the possibility of casualties caused by house collapse. Defense against natural disasters

1. Monitoring and prevention of natural disasters 1. Natural disaster monitoring system. 2. The role of remote sensing technology and geographic information system in natural disaster monitoring. 3. Natural disaster prevention (1) Engineering defense measures. (2) Non-Engineered Defensive Measures.

2. Rescue and relief of natural disasters 1. Pre-disaster preparation: prepare disaster relief materials and establish a material reserve base. 2. Emergency response during disasters (1) Traffic capacity. (2) Disaster emergency plan. 3. Post-disaster recovery: reduce disaster losses and enhance resilience.