Those who are good at fighting are not martial, and those who are good at fighting are not angry. Those who are good at defeating the enemy do not fight, and those who make good use of people are subordinate.

Throughout the history of the Three Kingdoms, there are unparalleled national warriors such as Xi Zhicai, Guo Jia, Jia Xu, Xun Yu, Xun You, Zhuge Liang, Pang Tong, etc., as well as martial arts generals such as Guan Yu, Zhang Fei, Zhang Liao, Huang Zhong, Ma Chao, Xiahou Yuan, Cao Ren, etc. A history of less than 100 years of struggle for hegemony in the Three Kingdoms, deducing the history of China's 5,000 years of military, cultural, social, political, national, and sectarian struggles. In this short and shallow stream, due to the "limited ability" of the famous historian Chen Shou and the "rare confusion" of the novelist Luo Guanzhong, an important warrior comparable to the tiger idiot Xu Chu disappeared from people's field of vision for no reason. So, who is he?

This has to start with Liu Bei, Liu Bei started his family relying on a soldier and horse recruited in Zhuo County, after countless battles, after he served as the pastor of Yuzhou, this army was built into a famous army in the history of the Three Kingdoms - Bai Yu. Bai Yu is Liu Bei's personal guard, does not participate in the battle of besieging the city and seizing land, and is specifically responsible for protecting the lives of Liu Bei and his important subordinates. And the person who was arranged to lead this white Yu was Chen Dao, who had disappeared from people's field of vision for a long time. This person is not only as famous as the tiger idiot Xu Chu in martial arts, but also because of the "unfathomable" anecdotes of his life, he has become the most mysterious general in the history of the Three Kingdoms.

Chen to (?) - 230), the character uncle to, Runan (now Pingyu, Henan) people's clan. From Liu Bei's entry into Yuzhou (196 AD), he followed him to fight in various places, until he died in the eighth year of Jianxing and served as the governor of Yong'an. Because of the needs of his profession, Chen was deliberately "refrigerated" after he defected to Liu Bei, and neither enemies nor colleagues could know his true age, family background, and the situation of his parents and relatives. In order to completely eliminate Liu Bei, Cao Cao sent spies to carry out large-scale assassination operations many times, but each time he was completely crushed by this "refrigerated" general, so that Liu Bei turned the danger into a safe one. Later, when Cao Cao and Sun Quan's group carried out some kind of interest transactions one after another, they gradually learned of the existence of the "invisible man" beside Liu Bei.

Cao Cao and Sun Quan's group have racked their brains many times to track down Chen Dao's identity. But at that time, Liu Bei implemented a blockade policy on Chen Zhi's identity, which not only made the enemy scratch his head, but also carried out strict internal protection work, except for Liu Bei, Zhuge Liang and other important figures, almost no one knew Chen Zhi's true identity. As a result, many rumors began to circulate among the people, and the deeds of Chen Zhi were interpreted so miraculously that they were almost unbelievable, and these rumors that were close to mythology were later attached to another general. For the top-secret "refrigeration" of Chen Zhi's identity, we can read some clues in the "Three Kingdoms" written by Chen Shou, an old minister of Shu Han, this valuable commander of the Central Army did not list the biography in the book, and in the twenty-six years that he followed Liu Bei, there was no information about him, and Chen Zhi was completely made a "hero behind the scenes". Of course, Chen Shou may have noticed the inappropriateness of not giving Chen Zhi a special biography, and his explanation for this matter is because Chen Zhi's deeds are no longer verifiable. In fact, this is just Chen Shou's high-sounding excuse, and people can't believe that a dignified commander of the Central Army has left only his name in the world like evaporation from the world, and it is difficult to find his trace. Of course, even if there is no rich color in the history books, it is impossible to bury Chen's cultural and military exploits. As we all know, Liu Bei's life was extremely bumpy, and he was often killed in the battles of Changsaka, Jingnan, Yizhou, and Yaoting. In the battle of Nagasaka, Liu Bei abandoned his wife and children, and fled for his life alone. Chen Zhi, as Liu Bei's Bai Yu commander, took on the heavy responsibility of defending Liu Bei, and he would definitely fight to the death.

Chen Zhi's top-secret identity and deeds made him "mysterious", but his "mystery" was not only because of his almost "blank paper" life resume, but what was even more puzzling was that he, as the commander of Liu Bei's army, had risked his life to save Liu Bei many times. Since Liu Bei turned his back on Cao Cao, Chen Zhi has performed heroically in many battles, even in the face of defeat and retreat, he is still unfazed and turns the tide. But the highest official position he held during Liu Bei's period was only to protect the army, so what kind of medicine was sold in Liu Bei's gourd? Chen Zhi clearly controlled the most elite troops of Liu Bei's group, but he did not hold important positions and did not show his face in public. This is actually another way for Liu Bei to "refrigerate" him, the generals who defend the Führer do not need to hold important positions at all, so as not to make a big splash, Chen Zhi is the most trusted person of the Führer, and he has the trump card of Liu Bei's group in his hands, although the official position is small, it seems to be insignificant on the surface. But when he was in Liu Bei's southern investment in Liu Biao, he was already the third tiger general in Liu Bei's group after Guan Yu and Zhang Fei.

After Liu Bei's death, Chen Zhi immediately quickly ascended to the throne and became the No. 2 military figure of the Shu Han Group, ranking right in Zhao Yun's position. His identity gradually changed from a top-secret figure to a semi-public local official. At that time, Shu Han had four major military regions, namely Hanzhong, Jiangzhou, Yong'an, and Yujiang, of which Hanzhong bordered Wei State, and Wei Yan served as the governor. And Yong'an (that is, the original White Emperor City, renamed Yong'an after Liu Bei's defeat and retreat from the White Emperor City) and Wu State, Chen was appointed as the governor of Yong'an at this time, the general of Zhengxi, and the title of Tingjue, and his command was his trump card army that he had commanded for 26 years - Bai Yu. After Chen took office, the relations between Wu and Shu faced a new test, and the Shu Han court was cautious in choosing the governor of Yong'an, an important border town between the two countries. Chen Zhi's appointment not only reflects the importance that Shuhan Group attaches to Chen Zhi, but also reflects the sufficient deterrent power of Chen Zhi's "mysterious" aura. Liu Bei in the battle of Yaoting, there was no descendant of the generals, only Bai Yu led Chen Zhi to accompany him, Chen Zhi followed Liu Bei for several months of arduous battles against Wu, although the result is sighing, but Chen Zhi became the only important general in the Shu Han camp who has rich combat experience with Wu and can retreat. Liu Bei's death ended Chen Zhi's important mission as the head of Bai Yu's defense, but at this time, he was given a new historical task, that is, to lead the Bai Yu soldiers who defended the first emperor to continue to consolidate the Shu Han border defense and guard against the attack of Eastern Wu at any time. Because of Chen Zhi's "mystery", the Dongwu Group couldn't figure out what Shu Han's intention was to send this former emperor Bai Yu to lead it? At that time, Zhuge Liang once publicly stated in a letter to his eldest brother Zhuge Jin: "When you go to the governor, the first emperor will be under the account of Bai Yu, and the west will also go to the army." ("Zhuge Liang Collection"). And Ge's intention in writing this letter was nothing more than to announce to Eastern Wu that Chen Zhi was the commander of the first emperor Liu Bei, and at this time, he was leading the most elite troops of Shu Han to guard Yong'an. This not only played a role in knocking the mountain and shaking the tiger for Eastern Wu, but also sent a signal of peace to Eastern Wu - Shu Han had no intention of starting a war with Eastern Wu, because Chen Zhi would definitely carry out the edict of the first emperor without hesitation.

There were three elite troops in the history of Shu Han, one was the Wudang Fei Army recruited by Zhuge Liang in Nanzhong, the other was the Xiliang cavalry led by Ma Chao, and the other was Bai Yu, the central army who defended Liu Bei. According to historical records, after Liu Bei formed Bai Yu in Yuzhou, Chen Zhi has been leading this army for 34 years. And some wild histories have recorded that after Liu Bei's defeat in the battle, Chen Zhiqin led hundreds of Bai Yu dead soldiers to repel the attack of tens of thousands of Eastern Wu pursuers, so as to buy enough time for Liu Bei to retreat from the White Emperor City. How strong the combat power of this white yu is is no longer known today. However, Bai Yu's ability to protect the Führer for more than 20 years is even more "mysterious".

Later generations speculated about Chen Zhi's "mysterious identity", not only because of the strategic "mysterious" packaging of him by Shuhan Group, but also because of his mysterious relationship with Changshan Zhao Zilong. Many legends about Chen Zhi have been processed by Luo Guanzhong as early as the Ming Dynasty and all listed on Zhao Yun, but Zhao Yun mainly held the position of a civil official when Liu Bei was in power, how could he save Liu Bei from danger repeatedly? Some people say that Zhao Yun in "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" is actually Chen Dao, and the two of them have similar character traits and the same combat experience in history. When Yang Xi commented on the famous ministers in Shuzhong, he said: "The expedition to the south is heavy, the expedition to the west is loyal, the unification is the selection of soldiers, and the fierce generals are fierce." Romance of the Three Kingdoms? Shu book? The Biography of Yang Opera". This is the first time in history that someone has tied them together, and later became the basic feature of the image of Changshan Zhao Zilong in "Romance of the Three Kingdoms".

So, what is the relationship between Chen Zhi and Zhao Yun? They participated in important battles such as the Battle of Changsaka, the Battle of Chibi, the Battle of Yizhou, and the Battle of Hanzhong, but there is no record of Chen Zhi in "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", leaving readers with a blank sheet of paper for people to think about. They held similar positions during Liu Bei's period, but in "Romance", Zhao Yun is portrayed as extremely loyal and brave, and can fight well, so readers will naturally think that Chen Zhi is also brave? Although Zhao Yun is famous, he is not the leader of Bai Yu after all. Although Chen Zhi is not well-known, he is a genuine leader of Bai Yu, and he stays with Liu Bei all day long. In "Romance", Zhao Yun rode the savior alone many times, and was evaluated by Cao Cao as "a brave man". However, Chen Zhi has served as the leader of Bai Yu for a long time, but he has not had any Savior deeds. There is only one possibility, that is, Zhao Yun took the credit of Chen Zhi and "took many of Chen Zhi's heroic deeds as his own".

Fortunately, modern historians generally believe that a considerable part of Luo Guanzhong's description of Zhao Yun in "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" is taken from Chen Zhi's deeds. It should be said that the image of Zhao Yun that is widely circulated among the people today is actually a historical image of Chen Zhi and Zhao Yun becoming one. And with the continuous washing of the long river of history, Chen Zhi, the "mysterious" warrior of the Three Kingdoms, will gradually become clearer, so that the world can personally feel that "Uncle Zhi is a brave man."

The Shu Han regime had originally used the Wuling barbarians, descendants of the three Miao (who moved south from Henan, and the mercenaries of the Southwest Yi were not in the same system, and showed their skills in the war against Wu, and even the fierce general Gan Ning died at the hands of these barbarians. In the war of the seven captures of Meng Shu—of course, it was only a symbol—Zhuge Liang fully realized the heroic and good fighting of the ethnic minorities in Nanzhong. This is not surprising, historically, agricultural peoples generally lacked the spirit of perseverance, while nomadic herders, fishermen and hunters tended to be brave and ruthless. With the end of the South-China War and the restoration of peace, these fierce fighters fell into unemployment, and the retention of such forces in the south was undoubtedly a great factor of social instability.

After Zhuge Liang conquered Nanzhong, he used the local minority military resources to establish a strong army. showed his skills in the war against Wu, and even the fierce general Gan Ning died at the hands of these barbarians. Zhuge Liang fully realized the heroic and good fighting of the ethnic minorities in Nanzhong. This is not surprising, historically, agricultural peoples generally lacked the spirit of perseverance, while nomadic herders, fishermen and hunters tended to be brave and ruthless.

It is recorded that Liang Yiyi is more ruthless, and he is not surnamed Haoqiang, but he is ordered to pay out the gold silk, and he hires the evil Yi as the family department, and many of them are hereditary officials. Therefore, the Yi people were greedy for goods, and they belonged to the Han Dynasty and became the Yi Han tribe, so as to establish a local army with the nature of razing and razing in the local area, and the local heroes obtained social status, so they settled in the rule of the Shu Han Dynasty, and sent out golden twilight soldiers, so that the ethnic minorities could get benefits and alleviate the ethnic contradictions. At the same time, these local unemployed soldiers have become government troops, and have become the centripetal force of the ethnic minorities. The army it composed was familiar with folklore and less provocative questions. Later, Zhang Wei, Ma Zhong and others suppressed the rebellion, and the Yihan tribe was the main force. They are all clad in iron armor, can climb mountains and mountains, are adept at using bows and crossbows and poisoned arrows, and are especially adept at defensive combat.

Zhuge Liang implemented a favorable policy of killing two birds with one stone, that is, to recruit ethnic minority soldiers to join the Shu government army, and the problem of funding was solved by the local heroes. It is recorded that Liang Yiyi is more ruthless, and he is not surnamed Haoqiang, but he is ordered to pay out the gold silk, and he hires the evil Yi as the family department, and many of them are hereditary officials. Therefore, the Yi people were greedy for goods, and they belonged to the Han Dynasty and became the Yi Han tribe, so as to establish a local army with the nature of razing and razing in the local area, and the local heroes obtained social status, so they settled in the rule of the Shu Han Dynasty, and sent out golden twilight soldiers, so that the ethnic minorities could get benefits and alleviate the ethnic contradictions. At the same time, these local unemployed soldiers have become government troops, as if they had obtained shares in enterprises, and have become the centripetal force of ethnic minorities. The army it composed was familiar with folklore and less provocative questions. Later, Zhang Wei, Ma Zhong and others suppressed the rebellion, and the Yihan tribe was the main force.

In order to give good management to these fierce warriors, Shu appointed the Wei general, who was strict in governing the army, and Wang Ping was the first commander of the legion. Wang Ping, with an average number of words, is less than ten literate, shares weal and woe with the soldiers, but is strict by nature, harsh in training, and rarely speaks. Such a general, who can convince the public, but also is stern and a little gloomy, is really a suitable candidate for the commander of the mercenary.

The flying army is worthy of the prestige of the warriors of Nanzhong, brave and good at fighting, and has outstanding performances in all wars of Shu Han. As soon as he came out of Qishan, he was accompanied by Ma Tan's troops to fight Zhang He in Jieting - originally probably because Ma Tan was familiar with the situation in Nanzhong, I hoped that he could give full play to the characteristics of this army. Ma Jian made a mistake and the whole army was defeated, and it was the flying army led by Wang Ping who was interrupted, fighting to the death, beating drums to confuse the enemy, successfully covering the other divisions to withdraw from the battlefield, and retreating with his whole body, which was a small test of the edge.

Due to the characteristics of mountain warfare, the Wudang Flying Army was often used to crusade against rebellious ethnic minorities.

Such benefits naturally cannot be enjoyed exclusively by the locality. At the same time, in order to completely avoid the resurgence of the southern separatist forces, under the auspices of Zhuge Liang, Shu did not hesitate to spend money to move south to the middle of the force, and more than 10,000 Qingqiang families were in Shu. This is the origin of the Wudang Flying Army. After the members of this army arrived in Shu County, they became military households of Shu State, and they made a living as soldiers for Shu State for generations and became professional soldiers. When the prosperity of Chengdu and Nanzhong is not the same, the Yi people in Nanzhong are heavy warriors, so every time there is a vacancy, the Nanren will run and tell the blood, and they are proud of it. It is reminiscent of the scene of the British army recruiting mercenaries from the Gurkha battalion in Nepal. Of course, at that time, the population in the south was not large, with 20,000 households in Luke County, 10,000 households in Jianning County, 8,000 households in Zhuti County, and 40,000 households in Xinggu County.

It is recorded that Liang Yiyi is more ruthless, and he is not surnamed Haoqiang, but he is ordered to pay out the gold silk, and he hires the evil Yi as the family department, and many of them are hereditary officials. Therefore, the Yi people were greedy for goods, and they belonged to the Han Dynasty and became the Yi Han tribe, so as to establish a local army with the nature of razing and razing in the local area, and the local heroes obtained social status, so they settled in the rule of the Shu Han Dynasty, and sent out golden twilight soldiers, so that the ethnic minorities could get benefits and alleviate the ethnic contradictions. At the same time, these local unemployed soldiers have become government troops, and have become the centripetal force of the ethnic minorities. The army it composed was familiar with folklore and less provocative questions. Later, Zhang Wei, Ma Zhong and others suppressed the rebellion, and the Yihan tribe was the main force. They are all clad in iron armor, can climb mountains and mountains, are adept at using bows and crossbows and poisoned arrows, and are especially adept at defensive combat.

Zhuge Liang implemented a favorable policy of killing two birds with one stone, that is, to recruit ethnic minority soldiers to join the Shu government army, and the problem of funding was solved by the local heroes. It is recorded that Liang Yiyi is more ruthless, and he is not surnamed Haoqiang, but he is ordered to pay out the gold silk, and he hires the evil Yi as the family department, and many of them are hereditary officials. Therefore, the Yi people were greedy for goods, and they belonged to the Han Dynasty and became the Yi Han tribe, so as to establish a local army with the nature of razing and razing in the local area, and the local heroes obtained social status, so they settled in the rule of the Shu Han Dynasty, and sent out golden twilight soldiers, so that the ethnic minorities could get benefits and alleviate the ethnic contradictions. At the same time, these local unemployed soldiers have become government troops, as if they had obtained shares in enterprises, and have become the centripetal force of ethnic minorities. The army it composed was familiar with folklore and less provocative questions. Later, Zhang Wei, Ma Zhong and others suppressed the rebellion, and the Yihan tribe was the main force.

In order to give good management to these fierce warriors, Shu appointed the Wei general, who was strict in governing the army, and Wang Ping was the first commander of the legion. Wang Ping, with an average number of words, is less than ten literate, shares weal and woe with the soldiers, but is strict by nature, harsh in training, and rarely speaks. Such a general, who can convince the public, but also is stern and a little gloomy, is really a suitable candidate for the commander of the mercenary.

The flying army is worthy of the prestige of the warriors of Nanzhong, brave and good at fighting, and has outstanding performances in all wars of Shu Han. As soon as he came out of Qishan, he was accompanied by Ma Tan's troops to fight Zhang He in Jieting - originally probably because Ma Tan was familiar with the situation in Nanzhong, I hoped that he could give full play to the characteristics of this army. Ma Jian made a mistake and the whole army was defeated, and it was the flying army led by Wang Ping who was interrupted, fighting to the death, beating drums to confuse the enemy, successfully covering the other divisions to withdraw from the battlefield, and retreating with his whole body, which was a small test of the edge.

Due to the characteristics of mountain warfare, the Wudang Flying Army was often used to crusade against rebellious ethnic minorities.

Such benefits naturally cannot be enjoyed exclusively by the locality. At the same time, in order to completely avoid the resurgence of the southern separatist forces, under the auspices of Zhuge Liang, Shu did not hesitate to spend money to move south to the middle of the force, and more than 10,000 Qingqiang families were in Shu. This is the origin of the Wudang Flying Army. After the members of this army arrived in Shu County, they became military households of Shu State, and they made a living as soldiers for Shu State for generations and became professional soldiers. When the prosperity of Chengdu and Nanzhong is not the same, the Yi people in Nanzhong are heavy warriors, so every time there is a vacancy, the Nanren will run and tell the blood, and they are proud of it. It is reminiscent of the scene of the British army recruiting mercenaries from the Gurkha battalion in Nepal. Of course, at that time, the population in the south was not large, with 20,000 households in Luke County, 10,000 households in Jianning County, 8,000 households in Zhuti County, and 40,000 households in Xinggu County.

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What is the image of the Wudang Flying Army? They are all dressed in iron armor and can climb mountains and mountains. , good at using crossbows and poisoned arrows, especially good at defensive combat. Because it is a family migration, it is customary to dance with the barbarian aunt, and all the group cards are opened (clothed) and marched in. In the seven captures of Meng Shu, the elite soldiers who had not yet been born were assigned to the local hero, Yang Feng, the owner of Yinye Cave, although it is nonsense, but the general image is not wrong. The stationing of such a strangely dressed army with unique customs into Shudu must have brought a lot of cultural conflicts, at least the vast number of scholars must be curious and worried. In order to be able to manage these fierce warriors well, Shu Han appointed the strict Wei general, and the Brazilian (and possibly Xuzhou Pei) Wang Ping as the first commander of the army. Wang Ping, with an average number of words, is less than ten literate, shares weal and woe with the soldiers, but is strict by nature, harsh in training, and rarely speaks. Such a general, who can convince the public, but also is stern and a little gloomy, is really a suitable candidate for the commander of the mercenary.

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The flying army is worthy of the prestige of the warriors of Nanzhong, brave and good at fighting, and has outstanding performances in all wars of Shu Han. As soon as he came out of Qishan, he was accompanied by Ma Tan's troops to fight Zhang He in Jieting - originally probably because Ma Tan was familiar with the situation in Nanzhong, I hoped that he could give full play to the characteristics of this army. --Because of Ma Tan's mistake and the whole army was defeated, after the interruption was Wang Ping's only 1,000 flying army, fighting to the death, while beating the drum bluff to confuse the enemy, successfully covering the other departments to withdraw from the battlefield, and he also retreated, which was a small test, and then Wang Ping was appointed as the general of the Kou, leading the five departments (for the flying army), and also serving as a battalion (daily military affairs), and joining the army. began to become the core elite of Zhuge Liang.

In the ninth year of Jianxing, Zhuge Liang's fourth northern expedition ordered Wang Ping to encircle the south of Tun with his deputy division, and designed to encircle Sima Yi in Qishan. Sima Yi couldn't resist it, so he simply used the trick of encircling Wei to save Zhao, and sent Zhang He, the former army that has been talked about in "Han Jin Spring and Autumn" and "Three Kingdoms", to lead the main army to attack Wang Ping's lone army, and he led the rear army to contain it. Although Wang Ping's Wudang Flying Army was only 3,000 at that time, only one-twentieth of the Wei army, these Gurkha battalion-style warriors all swore to the death, desperately resisted, arrows were like flying locusts, Zhang He could not attack, but Sima Yi's camp had been broken by Zhuge Liang's army. The Wei army retreated, but the Wudang Fei Army gave full play to the characteristics of the mountain corps, rushed out of the camp, counterattacked the Wei army's rearguard, and attacked before and after, and the Wei army was defeated, losing thousands of armor heads. When Shu was able to fight Sima Yi for the first time, he achieved a considerable advantage, and the flying army fought to the death against Cao Wei's fierce general Zhang He's army, which was a great achievement.

The Wudang Flying Army was the core elite of Zhuge Liang's Northern Expedition, and it was given a very high evaluation of indomitable in the Huayang National Chronicles, and because Shu Han did not have a historian, even Zhuge Liang's Northern Expedition was not recorded in the official history, and the record of this flying army was even more brief. This flying army is very good at field warfare, and there are some records in the Three Kingdoms, such as in the battle of Wang Pingping and Wei Yan, the characteristics of the flying army have been reflected, in the ambush battle of Wei Yan South Valley, Wei Yan has the advantage of terrain, local strength, the first to attack, behind the unfavorable situation of Sima Yi's army pursuit, "the brave wins when the narrow road meets", under the leadership of Wang Ping, the commander of the flying army, the flying army is invincible, Wang Ping first ascended and then performed an offensive strategy, causing the rebellion of Wei Yan to be pacified very quickly, so that the large army smoothly class, And the combat effectiveness of the flying army is also enough to show.

Due to the characteristics of mountain warfare, the Wudang Flying Army was also used to crusade against rebellious ethnic minorities. In the third year of Yanxi (240 AD), Han Jia (now Ya'anbei, Sichuan) rebelled, and Shu Han sent the favored Su guards to replace him to go to the expedition, and the equipment was not excellent, but the famous general who was a good man died in the hands of minority rebels, and it was still the Wudang Fei Army who was transferred back from the front line to control the situation. It should be the second or third generation of flying troops.

According to the historical records, the flying army is in the historical records, there is only Wang Ping who is not in prison, and then the commander of the flying army is unknown.

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The end of the Wudang Flying Army was also extremely tragic, that was the eighth time in Jiang Wei's nine expeditions to the Central Plains, in order to cover the retreat of the commander, the 5000 Flying Army and the last commander Zhang Wei fought the last battle, the whole army was killed, and the history recorded \"Kill the enemy's generation\". Later, although there was still the name of the Flying Army, and it was performed in battles such as the defense of Yangping Pass, the Wudang Flying Army as a whole no longer existed.

Finally, if in terms of blood, in fact, the members of the Feijun include two parts, the Nanzhong Yi and Qingqiang, the former includes Suo, Zhen, Jiong, Baipu and other ethnic groups, and later became the Yi nationality, Brown and other Yunnan ethnic minorities, proficient in archery, the latter is Diqiang and Ran Chi, since ancient times there is a habit of building watchtowers, "Huayang National Chronicles" records how these ethnic groups living in the stone towers in the summer and autumn how to enter Shu as a servant, dig wells to build river weirs, sell pepper apple agricultural and sideline products, return to their hometown in winter and spring to avoid the cold, stone watchtowers, record the history of Qingqiang, but also shows that they are good at guarding.

Wang Ping, whose name is Jun, is from [Yizhou] Brazil Danqu [now Qu County, Sichuan, and is the official to the general of Zhenbei, Hanzhong Taishou, and An Hanhou

The year of birth is unknown, according to the "Three Kingdoms? According to the Biography of Wang Ping, Wang Ping lived in the house of his maternal grandfather He since he was a child, and his surname was He, so some historical books called Wang Ping "He Ping". When he grew up, he reverted to the surname "Wang". Wang Ping's tomb is now in Yong'an Town, Nanchong, Sichuan.

Wang Ping was originally a general under Cao Cao's account, and was well versed in the geography of Hanzhong, and was appointed as Xu Huang's deputy general during the Battle of Hanzhong, but surrendered to Liu Bei because he was ostracized by Xu Huang. Later, Wang Ping followed Zhuge Liang's southern expedition and northern expedition, and was ordered to carry out tasks many times, and he was very active. After Zhuge Liang's death, Wang Ping, on the recommendation of Jiang Wan, went to Yong'an to defend the state of Wu.

Wang Ping, whose name is Jun, is from [Yizhou] Brazil Danqu [now Qu County, Sichuan, and is the official to the general of Zhenbei, Hanzhong Taishou, and An Hanhou

The year of birth is unknown, according to the "Three Kingdoms? According to the Biography of Wang Ping, Wang Ping lived in the house of his maternal grandfather He since he was a child, and his surname was He, so some historical books called Wang Ping "He Ping". When he grew up, he reverted to the surname "Wang". Wang Ping's tomb is now in Yong'an Town, Nanchong, Sichuan.

Wang Ping was originally a general under Cao Cao's account, and was well versed in the geography of Hanzhong, and was appointed as Xu Huang's deputy general during the Battle of Hanzhong, but surrendered to Liu Bei because he was ostracized by Xu Huang. Later, Wang Ping followed Zhuge Liang's southern expedition and northern expedition, and was ordered to carry out tasks many times, and he was very active. After Zhuge Liang's death, Wang Ping, on the recommendation of Jiang Wan, went to Yong'an to defend the state of Wu.

The Xiliang Iron Cavalry is the most offensive cavalry unit in Shu and one of the three elites of Shu. This army was led into Shu by the general Ma Chao, and because the army was from Xiliang, it was called Xiliang Iron Cavalry. Every army that fought them was somewhat afraid of this force. Later, after the establishment of the Shu State, it was this Xiliang Corps that has been guarding the frontier of the Shu State, so that foreign tribes dare not invade.

The Qiang cavalry under the leadership of Ma Chao, the "Five Tiger Generals" of Shu, is the most courageous cavalry corps in Shu. The Xiliang Iron Cavalry, which is covered in fine steel armor, has good attack power, and its defense is extremely strong.

"It is not better to be able to become Thai because of poverty!" Why can Ma Chao's state fight against Cao Wei in the whole country? This is the power of the "Xiliang Iron Horse"[1]. "How many high-nosed and deep-eyed people in the super army", in fact, Ma Chao's troops included soldiers from Rome to the west, and they absorbed a lot of the advantages of the Roman military formation. "The difference between Ma Chao's army and Dong Zhuo's army is that Dong Zhuo's army was greatly influenced by the Xiongnu and other nomadic armies, and paid attention to cavalry and mobility." Javelins, the dense Greek military formations, heavy shields, and the size of the army and tactics are very close to those of ancient Rome. In the battle of Jia Meng, even the well-informed Liu Bei also appreciated this tactic very much. One of the reasons for the strong combat effectiveness of the Shu Han army in the later period was that Zhuge Liang absorbed the training and strict discipline of the "Xiliang Iron Cavalry". In fact, they are not heavy cavalry in the strict sense, so it also has obvious shortcomings, that is, it can't deal with the "strong crossbow", Cao Cao's defeat of the Xiliang soldiers is mainly a strategy, but it is also related to its tactics, that is, after building the city, use a strong crossbow to shoot the Xiliang soldiers from a distance, because the "Xiliang Iron Cavalry" is only equipped with javelins, and the range is limited, so it is very passive. Another disadvantage is the lack of mobility, which is at a disadvantage in the competition with Cao Cao's elite "Tiger Rider", which is inseparable from its heavy equipment. Xiliang Iron Cavalry - an elite cavalry equipped with Western technology.

Analyze the next. At that time, the popular phalanx infantry + javelin heavy cavalry in the West was used in the Xiliang Iron Cavalry, but due to the encounter of the Javelin Cavalry, the real heavy cavalry suffered a significant loss (the Xiliang Iron Cavalry was the attacking side at that time, and cooperated with the phalanx infantry), unable to give full play to the mobile advantages of the cavalry, and encountered a large number of strong crossbows, which could only be used as meat handles. It is worth noting that many people think that the West is the kind of medieval super-heavy cavalry, but it is not. For a long time in ancient times, China's armor defense was world-leading. In addition, I suspect that the Xiliang Iron Cavalry was not a heavy cavalry, and it can be seen from the cavalry in the West at that time that there was very little armor. And it's only equipped with javelins. If you are equipped with heavy armor, how to use a bidding gun....

"The first lord sent people to meet Chao, and the super generals went to the city. The city was terrified, Zhang was the head of the Ji, with Chao as the general of Pingxi, the governor of Linfang, and the former capital of the pavilion. ”

- "Three Kingdoms? Shu Book Six? Guan Zhang, Ma Huang, Zhao Biography Sixth"

Most of Ma Chao's troops are Xiliang people, and they are mainly cavalry, so people often call them "Xiliang Iron Cavalry".

Xiliang Iron Cavalry, should be the most offensive cavalry force in Shu, the soldiers are covered in fine steel armor, and the defensive ability is extremely high, and it is one of the three elites of Shu.

This army, from a very early age, has followed Ma Chao to fight the world together, although it is said that the results are not great, and even their base has been lost, but every army that has fought with them knows that this is an indestructible team, and when you think he is finished, it is often you who are finished.

The prestige of the "Xiliang Iron Cavalry" comes from the confrontation against Cao Wei throughout the country, according to the "Shanyang Gongji", during the battle of Weishui, Cao Cao once said something like this: "The horse does not die, I have no burial place", which is really a little afraid of Ma Chao and the other troops under his command.

The greatest majesty of the "Xiliang Iron Cavalry" may also be the one mentioned above, when the army approached the city of Yizhou, the whole city was shocked, so they surrendered early.

Later, after the establishment of the Shu State, it was this Xiliang Corps that has been guarding the frontier of the Shu State, so that foreign tribes dare not invade.