My uncle and I listened to the sound of ancient songs, and we could see that this college is really extraordinary, and we have long heard that there are many traditional things left over from Hong Kong, and now it seems that it is really true. Pen | fun | pavilion www. ｂｉｑｕｇｅ。 ｉｎｆｏ

However, I think of this "Youyang Miscellaneous", the knowledge in it is not only as strange as my uncle said, but also the spirit of "Tao" in it is particularly important. Speaking of "Dao", it is said that it can not be finished for three days and three nights, anyway, when I was a child, I listened to Master and my brother and sister tell a lot of knowledge and stories in this area, and until now, I am still deeply impressed.

When it comes to Taoism, we must first talk about Taoism, which is one of the major religions in China. The main idea of the Book of Changes was founded by the three sages of Fuxi, Zhou Gong and Confucius, Fuxi created the Bagua, King Wen of Zhou created the sixty-four hexagrams, and Confucius wrote the Book of Changes for the Book of Changes, thus forming the general source of Chinese culture and the beginning of the hundred schools of thought. Religion was formed in the Eastern Han Dynasty and became popular in the Northern and Southern Dynasties. Taoists respect one of the founders, Zhang Daoling, as the Heavenly Master, so it is also called "the Tao of the Heavenly Master". Later, it divided into many factions. Taoism regards Lao Tzu as the ancestor and respectfully calls him "Taishang Laojun".

The Tao also has its own thoughts, because it takes "Tao" as the highest belief and believes that "Tao" is the origin of all things in the universe, hence the name. The Tao Te Ching (i.e., Lao Tzu), the Zhengyi Jing and the Taiping Cave Jing are the main classics. Worship Sanqing as the highest god. Let people detach themselves from reality and become immortals.

So how did the Tao come about? The ancient ancestors of our country believed that all things are animist, and then produced the worship of nature, the worship of the soul, and the worship of the ancestors, and slowly developed to the unity of the ancestors and the gods, becoming the prototype of the supreme god. The worship of ghosts and gods has existed since the time of primitive societies. The ancestors regarded the sun, moon and stars, wind, rain, thunder and lightning, mountains, rivers and mountains as gods, so they had a sense of awe and worshiped them. At that time, in addition to believing that all things have animism and gave rise to nature worship, the ancestors also believed that the soul of a person is immortal after death, so the worship of ghosts and gods arose. The ancestors of Taoism can be traced back to ancient times, with the Yellow Emperor, the ancestor of the Chinese nation, as its source.

The Yellow Emperor, also known as Xuanyuan Yellow Emperor, lived in ancient times. Because he was born in Xuanyuan Hill, he was called Xuanyuan; grew up in Ji Shui, in the northwest, so he took the surname Ji; Because the land where he lives is yellow, he is called the Yellow Emperor after ascending the throne. In Sima Qian's "Historical Records", it was written: "King Yitude, hence the name Yellow Emperor." During his reign, he created various cultures, so he was revered by later generations as the "first ancestor of humanity". In his later years, he was distressed by discovering that he was aging, and later learned from a conversation with Fuqiu Gong that "everything in the world has a cycle of life and death, and only immortals can live forever." Then he came up with the idea of pursuing the realm of immortality. He heard that there was an immortal Guangchengzi who lived for more than 1,200 years in Kongtong Mountain, so he went to ask him. Guang Chengzi told him to keep his mind peaceful, quiet and inactive, and persist in cultivation, so that he could shine with the sun and the moon and coexist with heaven and earth. The Yellow Emperor was greatly inspired by Guang Chengzi's words and followed Guang Chengzi to learn the Tao from then on. Later, in order to save the people and to alchemy, when the Ding was cast, the Yellow Dragon descended from the sky to welcome the Yellow Emperor's ascension.

By the time of the Yin Shang Dynasty, the nature worship in the prehistoric period had developed to the belief in the Emperor of Heaven and the Mandate of Heaven, and a system of gods centered on the Emperor of Heaven was initially formed. The primitive worship of ghosts and gods has developed into ancestor worship based on blood ties and combined with patriarchal relations, and its ancestor worship activities are held regularly. During this period, there was a religious profession that specialized in communicating between ghosts and gods and humans—witches. Among them, witches sing and dance to seduce the gods, and have a set of charms to exorcise ghosts; Zhu pleases the gods with words, and is the master of ceremonies who is responsible for welcoming the gods and praying in religious rituals. They healed people, divined good fortune, drew talismans and recited mantras, etc. At that time, the state and society were dominated by Wu Zhu. The worship of ghosts and gods in the Zhou Dynasty was further developed, and the ghosts and gods worshiped had formed three systems: heavenly gods, human ghosts, and earthly gods. And the worship of ancestral gods and worship of heaven and earth are juxtaposed, called respecting heaven and quasi-ancestors. The so-called all things are from heaven, and people are from their ancestors. In later generations, Taoism became a polytheistic religion, that is, it originated from the worship of ghosts and gods in ancient times; In later generations, Taoism did the ritual of fasting and Jiao, which was also closely related to the ritual and ritual system of the ancients to sacrifice ghosts and gods. People worship the gods to hold sacrificial activities, and the sacrificial activities are inseparable from the "ritual civilization", the ritual civilization with the Spring and Autumn Period of the "ritual collapse", gradually from the upper class to the folk, was inherited by the later folk monks and witches, after the establishment of Taoism, evolved into the Taoist Zhai Jiao ritual. Therefore, a considerable part of the ritual and music civilization of the Xia and Shang dynasties was preserved by Taoism. Taoism is actually the successor of the ritual and music civilization.

The belief in immortals can also be traced back to the ancient primitive society in China. One of the evidences of this is the Classic of Mountains and Seas. The scripture records the myths and religious beliefs of the primitive society in China, and its content is quite rich and systematic. It provides a basis for the distant origin of Taoist immortalism. In the "Classic of Mountains and Seas", the belief in immortality is proposed; proposed the existence of immortals and feathers; Describes the immortal Tiandu; It records the rituals of the sacrifice and the strange magic of the festival.

In the ancient primitive society, some people have begun to learn immortals. By the Warring States period, the belief in immortals had become quite extensive. This is the case that there are many works that record the legends of the gods, and there are many texts about the legends of immortals, fairylands, and immortal medicines. Such as "Zhuangzi? There is such a description in "Getaway": "The mountain of contempt and shooting, there are gods and men who live in it, the skin is like ice and snow, and the skin is like a virgin, and they do not eat grains, suck wind and drink dew, ride the clouds, resist the wind and dragon, and swim beyond the four seas." Others, such as "Tang Wen", "Yellow Emperor", "King Mu of Zhou" in the book "Liezi", Qu Yuan's "Lisao", "Tianwen", "Nine Songs", etc., all depict the wonderland wonderfully and mysteriously, and its immortals are also depicted as magical characters who are born and die outside, extremely quiet, not burdened by things, detached and free, and can soar into the clouds. Similar descriptions are also found in the "Huainanzi" and "Historical Records" of the Han Dynasty.

From the middle and late Warring States period to the time of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, under the instigation of the scholars and imperial generals, the famous incident of entering the sea to seek immortal medicine was set off in Chinese history. King Qi Wei, King Xuan of Qi and King Yan Zhao, Emperor Qin Shi Huang, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, etc., all sent Fang Shi to the Three Divine Mountains on the sea to seek immortals and immortal medicines, and their scale became larger and larger. At that time, the most famous scholars were Song Wuji, Zheng Boqiao, Zou Yan, Xu Fu, Lu Sheng, Li Shaojun and others. China's unique belief in immortals has been inherited by Taoism in the middle and late Eastern Han Dynasty and has become the core content of Taoist beliefs.

After Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Fang Xiandao gradually combined with Huang Laoxue to evolve to Huang Laodao. During the reign of Emperor Shun of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Zhang Ling founded the Five Bucket Rice Road in Heming Mountain, Shu County, also known as Zhengyi League Weidao.

The late Han Dynasty, Wei and Jin dynasties were an important period for the development of Taoism in China. The political atmosphere of the late Han Dynasty and the social purchase of metaphysics in the Wei and Jin dynasties directly affected the behavior and existence of Taoism. Although they all come from the same understanding of Lao Zhuang's doctrine, the behavior of the Seven Sages of the Bamboo Forest and others has an important precedent in the rules of behavior of Taoist people. The political environment and social atmosphere of the Wei and Jin dynasties were a rare opportunity for development and a boost for Taoism. Ge Hong, a famous scholar of Taoism in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, has an important place in the Taoist system, and Ge Hong himself is considered an important figure in Taoism. It plays an important role in the development of the Taoist school.

Legend has it that in the early years of the Tang Dynasty, there was a man named Ji Shanxing, and then met an old man with white hair and riding a white horse in Sheephorn Mountain. The old man said to him: Tell the Son of Heaven of the Tang Dynasty that now he has a good way of governing the country, as long as he builds an Anhua Palace in the east of Chang'an City and sets up a Taoist statue inside, he can always protect the society and the world is peaceful. Say goodbye and take off. Soon, the old man appeared again, claiming: I am a supreme immortal, surnamed Li, called Laojun, and the ancestor of the current emperor. Since then, the Li Tang royal family has claimed to be a descendant of Lao Tzu Li Er and respected Lao Tzu as the "Holy Ancestor". Later, the emperors of the Song Dynasty followed the example of the Tang Dynasty. Due to the reverence of the Tang and Song royal families, the palace view flourished, the number of believers increased, and the development of Taoism reached its peak.

In fact, much of the Taoist worship of gods comes from the worship of nature. The heavens, the earth, the sun, the moon, the stars, thunder, lightning, wind, rain, mountains, rivers, etc., are all deified and worshipped as objects of worship.

For example, the land, the star king, the thunder gong, the electric mother, the wind bo, the rain master, the mountain god, the river god, etc. The influence of traditional theology is the primary factor in understanding and studying the genealogy of Taoist gods and immortals, and the transition from natural religion to man-made religion (i.e., theological religion) in primitive Chinese society was roughly in the Yin and Zhou dynasties. The worship of ghosts and gods in the Zhou Dynasty is described in "Zhou Li? The Great Sect Uncle" notes: "The position of the Great Sect Uncle, the god of the state, the gift of people and ghosts", its gods have Haotian God, the sun, the moon and the stars, the wind master, the rain master, the earth has Sheji, the five mountains, the mountains, forests and rivers, the four directions and hundreds of things, and the people and ghosts sacrifice to the ancestors. It is on this basis that ancient Chinese religion gradually enriched and formed a system of worship of gods, earth, and human ghosts, which is the main source of Taoist god worship.

In addition to the worship of nature, there is also the worship of totems. Make an animal or plant an object of worship. For example, dragons, phoenixes, bears, tigers, birds, flowers, acacias, etc., become dragon gods, flower fairies, etc.

Later, there were ghost cults, such as Hades, Black and White Impermanence, Ghost King, etc. Under the influence of Taoist beliefs, the ghost worship of the Yao people in Yunnan Province has been clearly Taoistized, whether it is an individual prayer to exorcise ghosts or a collective exorcism of ghosts and evil spirits, and its religious rituals, ritual hosts, praying gods, and people who help them exorcise ghosts and evil spirits have all been clearly Taoist, indicating that their original ghost worship has become an important part of Yao Taoism.

Of course, later there was the worship of sages, Confucius, Mencius, Guan Gong, Yue Fei, etc. The early Taoist classic "Taiping Sutra" has the worship of "sages" and "sages". As well as the "Famous Products of the Taoists" of the "Shangqing Dynasty Immortals", "True Spiritual Position Industry Map", "Supreme Secrets" and other three kings of Yao Shunyu, Yin Tang, Zhou Wu, Qi Huangong, Han Gaozu, Liu Bei and other emperors, and the sages of the sons Kongqiu, Yan Hui, Mo Zhai, etc.

However, there are also many divisions within Taoism, and there are more schools. From the very beginning of the founding of the religion, there was disagreement on the supreme and supreme deity. In the early days of Wudou Mi Dao, Taishang Laojun was the head of the sect and worshiped the "three officials", so that during the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, the Heavenly Master Dao of Kou Qianzhi of the Northern Wei Dynasty, because of his enjoyment of the "position of the Heavenly Master", was ordered by the "Rectification of Taoism", and obtained 20 volumes of "The Commandment of the Cloud Speaker Reciting the New Branch", all of which were false in the name of "Taishang Laojun", for this reason, it became inevitable that he still worshiped Taishang Laojun.

When Taiping Dao began to establish the religion, the latter worshipped Huang Lao and worshiped "Zhonghuang Taiyi". In the middle and late Eastern Jin Dynasty, the Shangqing faction and the Lingbao faction appeared one after another, and the new "Shangqing" and "Lingbao" scriptures no longer respected Taishang Laojun as the supreme god. The Shangqing faction is the most respected by the Yuan Shi Tianwang or Taishang Yuchen Daojun, and the Lingbao faction is the most prominent in the status of the Yuan Shi Tianzun and the Taishang Daojun, and some scriptures are also listed as the Taishang Laojun, but its ranking status is slightly inferior. Later, in the negotiation of various factions, it was proposed in the integration that "the Tao cannot be without a master, and the teaching cannot be without a master, so the old monarch is too on the Yuchen Dao Junyan, and the Dao Jun is also the disciple of the Yuan Shi Tianzun." It is under this master-apprentice relationship that they become the "Three Qing Zun Gods" of the Trinity, the highest god in the Taoist immortal lineage.

In addition, each faction has its own founding gods, chief priests, and so on. On the basis of absorbing various primitive religions, folk religions, myths and legends, Taoism gradually formed its own lineage of immortals, and merged with the original local religions, or formed a general branch form.

Taoism is also constantly evolving, and it often interacts with other religions and people's tendencies and aspirations. For thousands of years, China's Taoism, Buddhism, Islam, Christianity and other sects have often had conflicts with each other, but there have been no major religious wars, which is really thankful.

There are also many sects and organizations of Taoism, including the Jishan School, the Classic School (Miao Zhen Dao), the Fu Zheng School, the Danding School (Jindan School), and the Zhan Yan School. If there are Longmen faction, Laoshan faction, Suishan faction, Yushan faction, Huashan faction, Yuanshan faction, old Huashan faction, Heshan faction, Huoshan faction, Wudang faction and so on.

With the rise of Taoism, Taoism has been more and more deified. The world chapter", and "Fangshu", "Fangji" is the same meaning, Taoism people also call "immortal art".

Taoism is engaged in many Taoist techniques, such as divination, talismans, prayers, forbidden spells, inner pills, outer pills, furnace fire yellow and white, Bigu, in the house, immortal medicine, convincing qi and so on. Song Ma Duanlin's "General Examination of Literature" once gave a brief introduction to Taoism, saying: "Gai Qingjing said it; Refining and cultivating; Eating is another thing; Fu Seal said again; Classical science and education are also said. "He said that the book of Huang Lao Liezhuang talks about purity and inaction, and it is a little about refining; Red pine nuts and Wei Boyang only talk about refining and cultivation, but not purity; Lu Sheng, Tao Shaojun, and Luan Dayan take food without saying anything about refining; Zhang Daoling and Guanqian's words are seals without saying anything about refining and eating; Du Guangting will only talk about classical science and education.

There are many Taoist techniques, which are divided into five categories, and the five Taoist techniques are roughly explained as follows: mountain, the so-called "mountain" is to cultivate the "body" and "spirit" through methods such as bait, foundation building, Xuandian, boxing, and charms, so as to achieve a kind of knowledge that is full of body and mind.

Bait is a method of using tonics, alcohol, and daily diet to strengthen physical strength and treat diseases. Foundation building is a method of using meditation to control the essence, qi and spirit, thereby increasing physical strength. Xuandian is based on the thoughts of Laozi and Zhuangzi, and then a way to achieve spiritual cultivation. Boxing is a method of practicing various martial arts to enhance the body. Charm - is a kind of psychic and cultivation spell, its main role is to ward off evil spirits, seek good fortune and avoid evil, etc.

In a word, "mountain" is a kind of learning that uses various methods such as meditation, cultivation, martial arts, and dietary therapy to cultivate a complete personality.

Medicine, the so-called "medicine", is a method of using prescriptions, acupuncture, spiritual healing and other methods to maintain health and treat diseases.

Prescription is a method that uses various medicines to make powders and pills to treat diseases and cultivation.

Acupuncture and moxibustion - acupuncture and moxibustion are combined to stimulate the affected area and treat diseases by using the principle of human veins and qi and blood circulation.

Spiritual healing - a method that uses the grasp of a person's mind (mental state) to treat people's diseases. This is what is now known as "psychotherapy".

In short, "medicine" is a method of using prescriptions, acupuncture, spiritual healing and other methods to treat people's diseases.

Life, the so-called "life", is a kind of science that understands life by reasoning about fate, and then improves human life by understanding the laws of nature. The main works used in pushing life are "Ziwei Doushu", "Ziping Tui", "Xingping Huihai" and so on. The way to do this is based on the time of birth and the theory of the five behaviors of yin and yang. In short, "life" is to presume the fate of people, and then to achieve the knowledge of seeking good fortune and avoiding evil, so as to improve the needs of human development.

There are also phases, the so-called "phases", which generally include five kinds of phases, such as "seal phase, famous phase, human phase, family phase, and tomb phase (feng shui)", in order to observe the form and appearance that exists in the phenomenal world. Seal - is the method of looking at people's seals to determine their fate. Imprinted in China, it used to be a certificate of power. Name - is a method of inferring the development of good luck and evil by using the combination of numerology and other aspects based on the name of a person or the name of a store. Human physiognomy is divided into two categories: face and palmistry, and it is a method to know the good luck and evil and pathology by observing the lines and complexion of the face and hands. Family physiognomy - that is, the feng shui of the yang house, is a method of observing its pattern and analyzing it to infer the good and bad fortune of human habitation. Tomb phase (feng shui) - that is, the yin house, in order to choose a place to bury the ancestors, and achieve the shade of the descendants.

In short, "phase" is a method of observing objects seen by the eyes in order to achieve good fortune and avoid evil.

Divination, the so-called "divination", it includes divination, auspicious selection, and measurement of three kinds, the purpose of which is to predict and deal with things, among which the types of divination can be divided into "easy to break" and "six gods".

The so-called divination is a method of inferring good fortune and evil based on the theory of the Book of Changes, combined with the mutual constraints of the three worlds of heaven, man and earth. Xuanji - the main work is represented by "Qimen Dunjia", through the combination of layout, cloth fighting, charms, etc., to deal with the factors of bad luck in the development of things, which is mainly used in ancient military. Survey Bureau - The main work is represented by "Taiyi Divine Number", through the technique of twelve fortune hexagrams, it is a mathematical technique for calculating the political destiny of the country, the number of qi, and the law of historical changes.

So what kind of process is the Taoist cultivation, which is mainly divided into enlightenment, fusion, Yuan Shen, Yuan Infant Pneumatic, Refining God, Dancheng, Fetal Breath, Yuan Baby, Distraction, Out of the Body, Transformation and Fusion, Returning to the Void, Yuan Shen, Demon Tribulation (also known as Heavenly Tribulation), The first eleven stages of the earth immortal are divided into three stages: the early stage, the middle stage, and the late stage. The Demon Tribulation Period is the only way for cultivators to enter the realm of earth immortals, the time of outbreak is uncertain, and there is a possibility of eruption at any time after entering the primordial period. The sooner the demon tribulation breaks out, the less powerful it will be, and the easier it will be to pass, but after entering the realm of earth immortals, when cultivating heavenly immortals by earth immortals, the longer it will take and the more tribulations will be.

The history of the development of Taoism can be divided into four stages: during the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Taoism was supported by the emperors and nobles and rulers, and it was among the upper echelons of society, which was its first development period, and the Tang Dynasty royal family and Lao Tzu climbed relatives, claiming to be descendants of Li Er, giving political support and vigorously promoting Taoism, which was the second period of development. Zhenzong of the Northern Song Dynasty began to use Taoism to paralyze the people and intoxicate themselves, so as to cover up the shame caused by the pressure of the strong neighbors in the north, which was the third period of the development of Taoism. In the middle of the Ming Dynasty, the emperor was superstitious about Taoism and tried to become immortals, and Taoism was taken seriously, and intervened in politics and participated in the struggle for power within the government, which was the fourth period of the development of Taoism.

Taoism, like other religions, is a social and historical phenomenon that has its own process of occurrence and development. The early sects were not formed in the same way, in the same region and at the same time, and there was no unified and stable religious organization for a long time, so the upper limit of the history of Taoism in China is extremely difficult to determine. In the early days, there were the Fu Lu School and the Danding School, but the process of their birth was quite complicated. The Danding faction pays attention to Qing cultivation, and there is a distinction between inner and outer Dan, and its predecessor is the immortal magic and health qigong, which was developed from the Warring States Period. The Taiping Jing and the Zhou Yi Shen Tong Deed, which appeared in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, began to form early Taoist theories, but there was no corresponding Taoist organization. During the Wei and Jin dynasties, the Inner Dan Jing "Huang Ting Jing" and the Outer Dan Jing "Hug Puzi? Although the social influence of the "Inner Chapter" is large, its social organization is still weak. Lao Tzu and Zhuangzi also became another important source of Taoism. It can be seen that the process of the emergence of Taoism in China is multi-sourced, multi-channel, and gradually approaching. The various denominations have influenced each other, but they have basically developed independently, and the time is inconsistent, and there is no unified specific time for the founding of the religion. There is no unified name for the name of the religion and the believers, and the word Taoism is found in the "Lao Tzu Xianger Note". It can be seen from this that the emergence of Taoism can be seen as a sign of Taoist activities and the emergence of Taoist entities from the three books of "Taiping Sutra", "Zhou Yi Shen Tong Deed" and "Lao Tzu Xiang'er Note".

Among them, the Taiping Sutra is the earliest Taoist classic that has been handed down to this day. The "Zhou Yi Shen Tong Deed" is the earliest theoretical work of the Taoist Danding School. Its central idea is to use the way of yin and yang of the prompt, to participate in the natural principles of Huang Lao, and to tell about the alchemy of the furnace fire, which is basically a Wai Dan Sutra. Its words are ancient and difficult to understand, and its true meaning is elusive.

The "Lao Tzu Xiang'er Note" is an important material for further understanding the teachings and theories of Wudou Midao. The biggest difference between Wudou Rice Dao and Taiping Dao is that instead of suffering from the tragedy of Taiping Dao, it has become the authentic Taoist religion after evolving into the Heavenly Master Dao.

The spread of the Wei and Jin Heavenly Master Taoism in the north had a great relationship with Cao Cao's suppression of folk Taoism and the northward migration of Wudou Midao. Cao Cao used force to suppress the Yellow Turban Army that believed in the Taiping Dao, and both surrendered and surrendered. Later, due to the surrender of Zhang Lu, the leader of Taiping Dao, the upper echelons of Wudou Midao moved to the north to live, and a large number of people in Hanzhong who believed in Wudou Midao also moved into the north, which contributed to the spread of Wudou Midao from Bashu to the north. As the rulers of the Wei and Jin dynasties were extremely wary of folk religious activities and banned religious activities, Wudou Midao was extremely imperfect in terms of Taoist laws and regulations, and its development was at a standstill. However, in the Bashu region and the Jiangnan region, some folk Taoist organizations are in the process of forming, developing and spreading. Such as the Bashu Heavenly Master Dao Group led by Chen Rui, Yu Jundao in Jiangdong, Bojiadao, Li Jiadao and so on. In addition, during the Wei and Jin dynasties, the activities of some immortal monks contributed to the spread and differentiation of Taoism.

In the process of the development of Taoism, there is a person's name that is extremely important, he is Ge Hong, the word Zhichuan, and the name Hug Puzi. Born in 283 in the fourth year of Emperor Taikang of the Jin Dynasty. At the age of thirty-five, he completed the inner and outer parts of "Hug Puzi". The inner part discusses the immortal prescriptions, the changes of ghosts and monsters, and the immortal doctrine of health preservation and longevity, and the outer part discusses the gains and losses in the world, the world affairs and the Confucianism of the country and the world. The relationship between his teacher and teacher is: Zuo Ci - Ge Xuan - Zheng Yin - Ge Hong. The main point is that immortals exist, and mortals can become immortals and become immortals by learning the way of immortals. It emphasizes the subjective efforts of everyone to learn the path of immortal cultivation, that is, to aspire, to be a master, and to be diligent.

Ge Hong in "Hugging Puzi? The Inner Chapters state that the practice of qi is at the time of anger, that is, from the middle of the night to the six hours of the day. The other six hours of the day are the time of death, and it is useless to act in the time of death. When practicing, you should inhale step by step, inhale through your nose at the beginning, exhale slightly through your mouth, inhale more and exhale less, and inhale and exhale silently until your ears can't hear it, and put the feathers on top of your nose and mouth without moving, and try to extend the time from inhalation to the beginning of exhalation. Beginners secretly count to one hundred and twenty in their minds, then spit it out slightly, and gradually practice until they can count a thousand or more. In the end, it can be achieved without booing with the nose and mouth, such as in the twins, even if the method of fetal breath is mastered.

There is also an account that the method of guarding the Xuanyi can be fractal, that is, the doppelganger technique. A person can avatar dozens of images of themselves. This fractal way is also called mirror road. The fractal technique can channel the gods, see the three souls and seven spirits in its body, and can also meet the heavenly spirits and the earth, and drive the gods of mountains and rivers.

In addition, Ge Jiang Shi bestowed the treasure that the "Three Emperors' Inner Text" is the first of the books of runes, and it is the most important book of charms along with the "Five Mountains True Form Map". The text of the Three Emperors can prohibit evil ghosts, epidemic spirits, tigers, wolves, mountain spirits, five poisons and hundred evils, etc. You can summon the King of the Five Mountains of Si Ming Si Wei. The True Shape of the Five Mountains is a schematic diagram of a flat mountain that is used as a charm. Later it became a pure charm.

Ge Hong's "Hug Puzi? In a sense, the publication of the Inner Chapter is a historical summary of early Taoism from the standpoint of upper-class Taoism. He enriched the theory of Taoism, which had a great influence on Taoism in later generations, matured the Danding school, and also marked the end of early Taoism.

(To be continued)