In 631 A.D. (the year of the Iron Rabbit in the Tibetan calendar), the Potala Palace was built by Songtsen Gampo of Tibet. At that time www.biquge.info, there were 999 palaces built at that time, including 1,000 meditation rooms on the mountain, which were severely damaged by lightning strikes and wars.

After the fall of the Tibetan Dynasty, most of the ancient palaces and forts were destroyed in the war, coupled with natural disasters such as lightning strikes, the scale of the Potala Palace was reduced day by day, and it was even included in the Jokhang Temple for a time to be managed as its branches. Today's Potala Palace only has the Dharma King Cave and ****** Kang at that time.

In 1645 (the year of the rooster in the Tibetan calendar), the Fifth Lai Lama was presided over by the first Si Solang Lang Deng, who rebuilt the Potala "White House" and the corner tower of the palace wall, and moved the political power from Drepung Monastery. In 1690 (the year of the Iron Horse in the Tibetan calendar), the first Si Sanjay Gyatso built a spiritual pagoda for the Fifth Lai Lama and expanded the "Red Palace". In 1693 (the Year of the Water Rooster in the Tibetan calendar), the project was completed. Later, the successive Lai Lamas added 5 golden domes and some outbuildings. In particular, in 1936 (the year of the fire rat in the Tibetan calendar), after the completion of the spiritual pagoda hall of the 13th Lai Lama, the scale of the Potala Palace was formed today.

The fifth emperor established the Gedan Pozhang dynasty. Later, after the fall of the Tibetan Dynasty founded by Songtsen Gampo, most of the ancient palaces and forts were destroyed in the war, and it was not until the 17th century, when the 5th Lai Lai established the Kaden Podrang Dynasty and was officially named the local political and religious head of Tibet by the Qing Dynasty government, that the reconstruction of the Potala Palace began, when it was 1645. Later, the history of the Lai has been expanded one after another, so the Potala Palace has the scale it has today. The unique Potala Palace is sacred at the same time. Because in today's China, whenever it is mentioned, Tibet is naturally reminiscent. It seems that in the hearts of the people, this ancient building complex that condenses the wisdom of the Tibetan working people and witnesses the cultural exchanges between China and Tibet has become a symbol of the Tibetan nation with its glorious majesty and the status of the holy land of Tibetan Buddhism.

In 1690, under the auspices of Diba Sanjay Gyatso, the Red Hall of the Fifth D Lai Ling Pagoda was modified, and it was completed in 1693. Later, it underwent the expansion of the Dai Lai Lama. For more than 300 years, the Potala Palace has collected and preserved a large number of extremely rich historical relics. Among them, there are more than 2,500 square meters of murals, nearly 1,000 pagodas, tens of thousands of statues, and tens of thousands of thangkas; There are also precious scriptures such as the Bayeux Sutra and the Kangyur Sutra; At the time of history, the Ming and Qing emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasties, which were related to the local government of Tibet and the central government, bestowed the golden books, gold seals, jade seals, and a large number of gold and silver products, porcelain, enamelware, jade, brocade forgings and handicraft treasures, which were gorgeous and colorful, and rich in themes.

The 13th Lai Lama Ling Pagoda Hall, the latest building of the Potala Palace, started construction in 1933 and was completed in 3 years. In addition, there are halls such as the Guru Hall, the Fuxian Follower Hall, the Ringing Bronze Hall, the Kalachakra Hall, the Shakya Nengren Hall, the Shakya Hundred Lines Hall, the Flower Master Hall, the Pathway Hall, the Enlightenment Hall, and the Hereditary Hall.

The three of them spent the morning to see the Potala Palace, and had a deep understanding of Tibetan Buddhism, and when it was close to two o'clock in the afternoon, with admiration for the ancients, they walked down the mountain and walked into a restaurant at the bottom of the mountain.

This restaurant is not big, and it mainly serves snacks from the Tibetan region!

The three of them looked at the slimy food and oily tea on the table, could it be that this is the legendary butter tea and tsamba.

"Is this the staple food of Tibetan compatriots, tsampa and butter tea?" Miao Weiqiang asked in surprise.

"Yes..." Dong Tinghua began to talk about the different food customs in the Tibetan area again.

Tsamba is the staple food of the Tibetan people. Tibetans have tsampa for three meals a day. Tsamba sounds fresh, and the name is actually barley fried noodles. The production method of tsamba is to dry and fry barley (belonging to barley, there are two kinds of white, purple and black) in the sun, grind finely, and sift it, so that the fried noodles made are edible tsampa. Tsamba is a bit similar to the fried noodles in northern China, but the fried noodles in the north are ground first and then fried, while the tsampa in Tibet is fried first and then ground without removing the skin. When eating tsampa, put some ghee in a bowl, pour in the tea, add some tsampa noodles, and stir it constantly with your hands.

Tsamba is more nutritious than winter wheat, and easy to carry, as long as you carry a wooden bowl, waist bundle "Tanggu" (tsampa pocket), and then solve a little tea on the line, no need to make a fire to cook. Pour the tsamba into a leather bag called "Tanggu", then add butter tea, grasp the mouth of the bag with one hand, grasp it through the bag with the other hand, and after a while, the fragrant tsamba can be eaten.

When the Tibetan people celebrate the Tibetan New Year, every family should put an auspicious wooden bucket called "Bamboo Suoqima" on the Tibetan cabinet, and the bucket is full of barley and dolma (ginseng fruit), etc., and there are barley ears, wheat ears and flowers and a kind of colored spleen called "Zizhuo" painted with sun, moon and star patterns. Neighbors or relatives and friends come to pay New Year's greetings, the host will take the "bamboo soqima", the guest grabs a little tsamba with his hand, throws it into the air three times, grabs a little more and puts it in his mouth, and then says "Tashi Delek" (auspicious wishes) to express blessings.

When eating tsampa, put some ghee in a bowl, pour in the tea, add fried noodles, and stir with your hands. When mixing, first use your middle finger to gently pound the fried side to the bottom of the bowl to prevent the tea from spilling out of the bowl; Then turn the bowl and press the fried noodles into the tea with your fingers against the edge of the bowl; Mix the fried noodles, tea and ghee well, knead them into balls with your hands, and you can eat. When eating, keep kneading in the bowl with your hands, kneading them into a ball, and sending them to your mouth with your hands. The Tibetan masses generally do not use chopsticks or spoons when eating, but only use their hands. This way of eating is similar to that of Indians, who also eat rice with their hands, called pilaf.

Because of the simple way to eat and easy to carry, it is very suitable for nomadic life. When the herdsmen go out of the house, they always have to hang a tsampa bag around their waists, and when they are hungry, they grab a handful of tsampa from the pocket to eat. Sometimes, they take out a wooden bowl from their bosoms, fill it with some tsamba, pour some butter tea, add some salt, stir it a few times, grab it and eat it. Sometimes, while eating tsamba, drink butter tea.

"Don't talk about it, let's try it quickly!" Zhou Tianyi said that he had only seen the introduction of the diet of Tibetan compatriots in books before, and had seen the introduction of tsamba and butter tea, but he didn't expect to eat it now.

Miao Weiqiang, Dong Tinghua picked up the tsamba on the plate and took a bite...

"Poof..."

Dong Tinghua spit on the ground and said angrily: "Is this kind of thing eaten by people, isn't it too unpalatable!" ”

Miao Weiqiang frowned and said, "Although this thing is not very delicious, it is okay, it is okay to eat it alive!" ”

Zhou Tianyi took a bite, it was not very delicious, this may be the testimony of the simple life of the Tibetan people, in the poorer Tibetan areas, it should be quite a good thing to be full! (To be continued.) )