Genius remembers in a second [Aishang Novel Network biquge.info] to provide you with wonderful novels to read.

8. The era of the Republic of China, which was neither free, nor democratic, nor humane

Now some "brick families" advocate American-style democracy, saying that the ballot thing is a golden panacea, as long as there are votes, there will be freedom, and with freedom there will be prosperity, and the people can use their votes to force the government to benefit everyone, so that everyone can live a good life. And during the transition, it is better to leave the military and national resources in the hands of the Americans, who are as selfless and great as God......

These fallacies have been circulating for many years, and there is no public opinion on which is right and which is not. But the problem is that they have further reviewed history and praised the era of the Republic of China, saying that it was an era of freedom, democracy, and human dignity, and that Shanghai of the Republic of China was the most international and free city in Asia, and there were hundreds of radio stations and newspapers alone. Under the brilliance of the Three People's Principles, the Chinese people are free to buy, free to sell, free to march, free to criticize the government, maverick, and bullish...... In New China, democracy, human rights, and freedoms were all gone, the people became bored under the ******, and China became a blue and gray kingdom, even the clothes on girls' bodies......

In response to the above praise, I can't help but add: ******** was the era of the highest per capita income in China's history, and reached a historical peak in early 1949. At that time, the people were really rich, and they generally used 1oo yuan coupons as hand paper when they went to the toilet......

-- These "brick families" feel that speech is not free now, but I think that today's Big 6 is too free to speak, and even the Internet position is simply laissez-faire, so that the demons will dance and rumors will fly. According to the standards of the party-state, many people should have been arrested and locked up a long time ago.

At the very least, the current Chinese can already openly say that "this country is not free of speech" without being caught in a crushing bag, and then poured pepper water into the nose and killed alive, nor will they be beaten in the street with batons and leather shoes until they vomit blood and become disabled, and even have not received threatening letters with bullets (the military and central commanders of the Kuomintang period have been doing this almost every day for years, months, and months, and no one has ever dared to say that they have broken the law), how else can you be free?

In fact, during the entire period of the Republic of China, neither the Beiyang government nor the Nationalist government thought about respecting any freedom, democracy, and human rights. It's not that the rulers of the Republican era don't want to exert high-pressure control on the people, nor do they fail to do high-pressure control (don't just watch students march in the streets, and then they are shot with high-pressure water cannons, and then hundreds or thousands of people are imprisoned), the problem is that the execution ability is too poor to manage.

First of all, let's talk about the Beiyang government, this regime gives people the impression that it is chaotic, since the death of Yuan Shikai, Li Yuanhong, Xu Shichang, Wu Peifu, Cao Kun, Duan Qirui, Feng Yuxiang, Zhang Zuolin These big figures rushed to power, and the Qing Dynasty was restored in the middle. As for the cabinet, it is even more like a marquee, changing several terms a year on average. Someone who has been prime minister can make a reinforced platoon. It's really a mess to coax you to sing and I'll appear on the stage. In many cases, before the people figure out who the president is, there has already been a change on the stage.

Due to the rapid change of regime, it is not easy for the presidents and prime ministers to stabilize the forces of all parties during their short tenures, and they cannot take care of the details such as controlling public opinion. And those who want to seize power usually use newspapers and other media to attack those in power at the same time as a military offensive. And the rulers at that time were about to fall, how could they suppress public opinion?

-- It's not that the Beiyang government doesn't want to engage in spy politics or high-pressure control, but the problem is that it simply doesn't have enough time and funds. The secret service often has just set up a shelf, and before it can start work, the people above it have already fallen, so they can only start from scratch.

Even so, the Beiyang government has done many things like seizing newspapers. And the famous journalist Shao Piaoping was also shot by Zhang Zuolin's order.

Under the rule of Chairman Chiang, whose rule was relatively stable, freedom, democracy, and human rights were even more nonsense. When he was in the Qing Dynasty, he killed people so much, how could he talk about the legal system? This guy is a pioneer in governing the country with a gangster concept, and a great dictator who openly shouts "one country, one party, one leader" (although because of his poor skills, he will often be disobeyed by others and cannot be a real dictatorship). If he truly respected freedom of speech, Lu Xun would not have written "In Memory of Forgetting" with tears, and Wen Yiduo and Shi Liangcai would not have been shot.

-- Freedom of speech in the Republic of China? The Republic of China has only the freedom to respect and love the great leader, the father of the people, Chairman Chiang! At the same time, the freedom to sit back and watch innocent people be arrested and put in prison, celebrities assassinated by spies, and people killed by the military and police!

In this case, why are there still so many "Xiongwen" criticizing the government in the Republic of China period?

This was mainly due to the fact that many of the "democratic parties" and "social elites" who dared to make wild remarks at that time were all famous in the world and had vast magical powers. Not only did he have money in his own hands, but he also had connections with people in the government, not only making friends with important government officials, but also knowing a lot of foreign adults who were quite important (the foreign adults of those years were really foreign adults, no worse than the emperor), and as long as he hid in the concession area if something happened, this extradition negotiation would have to take the strength of the old nose (analogous to how difficult it is for China to extradite Lai Changxing from Canada today), and it was neither easy nor easy for Chairman Chiang to grasp.

Therefore, if they have not violated a certain bottom line, even if it is such a well-known organ as the military command and the central command, they are not willing to be ruthless casually, but must first warn and then discuss, and they must be more "polite." But even so, there are still many unlucky wealthy businessmen, gentry, dignitaries and celebrities, who have also squatted in the prisons of the party-state, and can only wait for someone to bail out with money and trust.

And here at the grassroots level of civilians with no background, has the Kuomintang ever arrested the poor people who protested and made trouble? Do you kill less?

The reason why our great Chairman Chiang was unable to complete the complete blockade and suppression of public opinion throughout the country. First, because the KMT's control over the grassroots level was almost non-existent, and most areas (especially in remote areas and rural areas) were still managed by the Qing dynasty's clan system "in place" of the government. And even in the cities, there are many industries that are controlled by relatives of gangsters, chaebols, and high-ranking bureaucrats. As a result, it is impossible to rely on local governments to achieve thorough control of public opinion.

Although the gentry clans in these places generally do not go against their fundamental interests and fall to the ****, their loyalty to the Jiang dynasty is far from being cultivated. If some people just scolded Chairman Chiang, I am afraid they cannot be expected to do their best to put up a literary prison for Chairman Chiang.

Second, there have always been many provinces in the country that have been in a state of semi-independence of warlord secession, and have united against the central government again and again, and the locals naturally only know the "XX Grand Marshal" but not Chairman Chiang, and even under the deliberate inducement of warlords such as Yan Xishan, Long Yun, and Feng Yuxiang, they have carried out a certain amount of anti-Chiang propaganda. And the interior of the Kuomintang central government has never been monolithic -- for example, before the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Wang Ching-wei, Hu Han-min and Chiang Kai-shek sang a confrontation for many years, why couldn't they both collapse with one shot, and there was no more opposition in the party from then on?

The reason is very simple, if these two shots go down, I am afraid that not only will there be no opposition, but even no party.

-- The Kuomintang was originally a loose and crumbling coalition, and it was already extremely difficult to suppress the warlords and confront the ****. The position of Chairman Chiang has never been as stable as that of the emperor in the feudal era, and the anti-Chiang clique in the Kuomintang has always been one after another. If Chairman Chiang had not shown the slightest tolerance for these competitors and had to put them to death, the entire government would have fallen apart in an instant.

The third is the dark rule of the old society, which has accumulated too much dissatisfaction and resentment among the people, and there must be a channel to vent it. How can this kind of volcanic eruption-like power be controlled by the extremely weak grassroots organizations of the "party-state"?

In fact, the intensity of control over the grassroots government like **, even after the party-state moved to Taiwan, has not been able to fully achieve it!

Therefore, the reason why there were many trends of thought in the society during the Republic of China era was not that the national government had advanced concepts and wanted to maintain freedom of speech and openness, but that they could not catch or kill the low-level civilians, and they could not stretch out their hands so long. As for the wealthy people in the upper class, they are bound by kinship, personal relations, and relationships with "foreign adults", so they are unable to wantonly kill and kill, and they are not willing to really kill and kill.

Since freedom in the Republic of China era was just an empty word, then democracy is even more nonsense -- no matter how fanciful the "brick guys" are, it cannot change the fact that all the leaders of the Republic of China came to power by force, and almost none of them were elected by universal suffrage. And Song Jiaoren, who really won the election, was assassinated before he could take power...... Such a political ecology of warlord chaos and military dictatorship has nothing to do with true democracy.

Finally, human rights. Basically, anyone who has watched "Red Rock" will know how much the party-state disregards human rights after learning about the horror stories of the White Mansion and the Dregs Cave. As for the ****, he likes to bury his wounded alive to save medical expenses, and indiscriminately conscripts have caused millions of strong men to starve to death and die of illness on the way...... These gossip news are not new, let's talk about the rights and interests of ethnic minorities that are rarely mentioned!

Today's Western media always accuse our party of "brutally suppressing" ethnic minorities (strangely, many people in China always feel that these ethnic minorities enjoy too much happiness), so how did the Nationalist Government deal with the issue of ethnic minorities back then? Here are two examples:

-- The hereditary head of the Li nationality in Hainan, Wang Guoxing, the son of the chief manager, belongs to the slave owners in terms of class composition, and should be a sworn enemy of ****. However, when he went to Jiaji Middle School in the thirties, he was expelled and sent to prison in the name of "Tonggong" because he was dissatisfied with the principal's blackmail! After he bought the cell boss to escape from prison, it was now that his elder father had also been imprisoned on the charge of "**** suspicion", and was soon tortured to death.

At this point, the eldest young master of the slave owner exploiting class has no way out, he just doesn't want to be a **** and has already been "****", from then on, he had to make a heart and take the initiative to raise the red flag to make a revolution...... What's funnier is that although Wang Guoxing was labeled as a **** very early, the Kuomintang has always treated his soldiers and horses as the Red Army to exterminate them. But it wasn't until the winter of 1943 that the Li rebel army, which was "Red Army", really established contact with the ** Qiongya Special Committee, and it was considered to have found an organization, and before that it was all in the nature of "black households" - to use the most fashionable Internet term today, it is "the Wumao Party with its own dry food......

――It can be seen that every **** is forced out.

If Wang Guoxing's "being ****" can be said to be the reckless behavior of the local government. Then the central government in Nanjing, it seems, did not think about respecting the human rights and feelings of ethnic minority compatriots in terms of ethnic relations - in 193o, the Nanjing Academia Sinica held an "exhibition of China's backward ethnic groups" (the name of the exhibition itself was humiliating enough), and a young Yao king who was studying in Nanjing was also ordered to participate in this exhibition. In this exhibition, he was forced to wear national costumes, locked in an iron cage like a monkey for others to visit, and some people peddled tickets and threw melon seeds into the cage...... After that, the Yao king returned to his hometown in anger and joined the Red Army led by Wei Baqun.

Imagine if we were to put the Panchen Lama in the Beijing Zoo and exhibit with pandas and tigers.

In short, the era of the Republic of China was an era that was neither free, nor democratic, nor humane, so everyone must not budge it.