In Nature, scientific and technological papers can generally be divided into three types, namely academic papers (Articale), research reports (Letters) and newsletters (Correspondence). Pen @ fun @ pavilion wWw. ｂｉｑUｇE。 infoThese papers have a limited space, which does not mean that you can write as much as you want.

Among them, academic papers are the longest, generally about 5 to 7 pages, research reports are relatively shorter, generally 2 to 4 pages, and newsletters are the shortest, generally no more than 1 page.

Because of the limited space, the author should limit the number of pages of the paper when submitting the paper, and the article must be concise and concise, and the main points of the research must be accurately expressed.

All in all, such an article is difficult to write, and every word must be carefully scrutinized, which is relatively time-consuming.

However, this does not mean that you need to write in particularly beautiful English, on the contrary, since Nature is usually intended for non-English-speaking readers, it is more important to write in plain and simple English.

The first element of a scientific article is clarity, which clearly tells the reader what you are going to say, rather than going around the bush and highlighting the loftiness of the language.

In fact, in the final analysis, the most important thing is the content of the study itself, not the ability to control the text.

Nature's readership, on the other hand, is diverse, which means that readers don't have to be professionals like the authors.

A good scientific and technological article should not only be understood by people in this major, but also by non-professional readers who can at least understand the main meaning of the article.

Especially the beginning paragraph of the article, it is necessary for the reader to understand the background, content and conclusion of the article at a glance.

It requires the author to use as few biased and obscure technical words as possible, and to pay attention to explaining the definition clearly when it is necessary to let the reader understand.

In addition, there is another detail that needs to be noted when submitting a manuscript to Nature, that is, "Nature" does not allow more than one document under a reference number in the "References", nor does it allow a brief annotation to be added under the reference.

There are many more details such as these, and you must pay attention to them when submitting, otherwise the direct result may be rejection.

Of course, there is a one-size-fits-all rule when submitting papers, that is, you can't submit more than one manuscript without permission.

Multiple submissions not only reflect the poor professionalism of the contributors, but also their moral integrity will be questioned by the editors. Most journals have regulations in this regard, once it is found that the author has submitted more than one manuscript, not only will the submitted manuscript be shot, but he himself is also very likely to be on the journal's blacklist, and will not accept any manuscript submitted by him for several years.

For an author, this is clearly not worth the cost.

……

At nine o'clock in the evening, the night was hazy, like a thick inkstone splashing in the sky, making it impossible to see the stars looming behind it.

Zhou Chen's paper was finally completed, and after checking it to confirm that there were no errors, Zhou Chen made it into a PDF file and tried the effect.

Well, yes, counting the references, the 7-page paper looks neat, and you can smell the aroma of the ink through the display.

The title is "On a Special Black Hole State and the Connection between the 'Extreme Kerr Black Hole' and the 'Cosmic Supervision Hypothesis'", and the name is very long, which translates to have an unclear sense of impact.

Zhou Chen was very satisfied with the name, and it vaguely showed the author's compulsion.

Below is the author's name, address, and contact information.

This is followed by the abstract, keywords, and then the body section.

In the text, Zhou Chen uses hierarchical headings to divide the article, mainly describing the state of a special black hole and its mathematical model, as well as the connection between the "extreme Kerr black hole" and the "cosmic supervision hypothesis". The former is the content of Zhou Chen's graduate thesis, and the latter is the newly added content.

He described the local space-time geometry in the environment of extreme Kerr black hole through a set of complex mathematical partial differential equations, combined with gauge tensors, etc., and used mathematical tools to re-derive and demonstrate several major laws of black holes, and finally rigorously obtained the accurate mathematical derivation of the "cosmic supervision hypothesis", that is, the "third law of black holes".

The core connotation of the cosmic supervision hypothesis is to assume that there is a supervisor in the universe, so that the singularity of the black hole cannot be exposed.

It is born out of European cultural traditions, and it is said that in ancient Roman times, there would be an overseer in a European city who would not allow anyone to walk on the street without clothes.

Penrose believes that the horizon of a black hole is like a "garment", and in order to ensure causality in space-time, the universe should have an "overseer", and he does not allow singularities and rings to be exposed "without clothes". Due to the existence of the event horizon, people outside the black hole cannot get any information from the inside of the black hole, and of course, they cannot see the singularities and rings inside the hole, and they are not affected by their "bad effects", and the causality will not be destroyed.

But who the "overseer" was, Penrose did not say, just as before the discovery of the atmosphere, someone suggested that "nature is afraid of a vacuum", and in fact did not give an answer to the question.

"Cosmic oversight" is undoubtedly a law of nature, it may be something we don't know yet, but there aren't too many laws of nature, so it's more likely to be an important law that we already know, but it hasn't been linked to "naked singularity" yet.

In fact, there has always been speculation about the "cosmic supervision", that is, the third law of black holes, and because the laws of black holes are highly similar to the laws of thermodynamics, people have depicted several major law formulas for black holes according to the laws of thermodynamics.

But in the process of mathematical proof in the strict sense, there are still unsolved areas.

For example, Kerr black holes, like Schwarzschild black holes, have temperatures, so there should also be thermal radiation.

After Hawking proved that a spherically symmetrical Schwarzschild black hole can thermally radiate a variety of particles, it was soon proved that a Kerr black hole could thermally radiate various particles (bosons) with a spin of an integer, but he encountered difficulties in proving that thermal radiation is a semi-integer fermion.

The key is that this process uses the spinor equation in curved space-time, but the components of the particle wave function in this spinor equation are very coupled and difficult to solve.

Zhou Chen used a mathematical tool very cleverly this time, skillfully achieved decoupling, and found a strict solution, which finally proved this process.

In this way, Zhou Chen strictly equated the Kerr black hole with the Schwarzschild black hole in the process of calculation.

At the same time, he also obtained a new expression about the gravitational force on the surface of the Kerr black hole, which is more complex than the original expression, and at first glance it is not only cumbersome, but even a little clueless.

You must know that the beauty of the formula lies in its simplicity, often a formula with an aesthetic sense, its energy and meaning are extraordinary, if judged according to this, Zhou Chen's new expression is undoubtedly ugly, and it does not have the value of promotion.

But it is this ugly and complicated expression that can show its charm in mathematical conversion.

After the use of layers of ingenious mathematical tools, what is presented in front of people's eyes is a completely different side.

It's like a beggar begging along the street in the martial arts world, his clothes are dirty and tattered, and his body is full of dirt and dirt, but the next conflict makes the people around him realize that he is actually a peerless master!

The heavy sword has no edge, and the great ingenuity is not workmanship, and this unpretentious impact is undoubtedly very huge.

And this formula is the biggest highlight of the whole paper.