Test!

Zhou Chen didn't know why this word came to mind in his mind, this was a very mysterious feeling, it could only be understood and unspeakable, and he seemed to associate this speculation in the dark. Pen @ fun @ pavilion wWw. ｂｉｑUｇE。 ｉｎｆｏ

Next, Zhou Chen went to various groups of the Academy of Sciences to learn about their research progress.

After walking through several groups, Zhou Chen found that most of the people in the group were still relatively small, and some even had only one person! There is no way to do this, everything is difficult at the beginning, it can be said that now is the beginning of everything, and all the teams are actively stockpiling knowledge for follow-up research, and there is a scene of all kinds of industries waiting to be developed.

When he came to Cai Xiaoxi's life science research group, Zhou Chen saw a different scene.

Because Cai Xiaoxi has injected the chain database, after being stimulated, the knowledge level of the life science research group led by her is significantly ahead of that of other research groups. When Zhou Chen arrived, Cai Xiaoxi was conducting a mouse experiment with an assistant, and they were verifying how to solve the problem of telomere shortening during passage by injecting compound reagents.

In the life science system of the Odo civilization, the problem of telomere shortening has been effectively controlled, so the Odo civilization has a longer life than the human beings on the earth. The beginning of interstellar travel is the extension of lifespan, and without enough lifespan, interstellar travel is not realistic. And a mature interstellar civilization is bound to master the life sciences of how to extend the life of individuals.

"Xiaoxi, how is the experiment going?" Zhou Chen walked to the mouse experiment table and saw that Cai Xiaoxi was injecting the mice with the cooperation of his assistant, so he asked curiously.

Cai Xiaoxi unhurriedly finished injecting the last mouse, then took off the mask and smiled at Zhou Chen.

"Judging from the progress so far, the results of the experiment are not bad! By injecting a certain proportion of activated telomerase, it can effectively prolong the lifespan of mice and delay their aging. We've done more than a dozen sets of experiments and found that mice live up to three times longer on average! ”

Experimental mice or rats according to the different breeds, the life span is generally between 28 months and 38 months, Cai Xiaoxi of course can not observe them in the whole life cycle, what she said about three times longer, in fact, by checking the development of mice and monitoring the length of mouse chromosome telomeres to roughly judge.

Although this method is extensive, it is a good way, and then she took Zhou Chen to a greenhouse, in which the petri dishes for cultivating cells from various parts of the mouse were spread, and there were hundreds of them in total.

Cai Xiaoxi pointed to one of the petri dishes numbered X-61 and said: "The cell population in this petri dish has been transferred to the gene encoding the telomerase catalytic subunit through the vector, and from the experimental effect, this group of cells has a normal karyotype and has not been abnormal due to the transfer of additional genes, but its lifespan has increased by twenty times!" ”

Zhou Chen couldn't help but show a surprised expression on his face, the number of twenty times was too exaggerated, if the cells of the entire mouse reached this level, wouldn't it mean that an experimental mouse could live for more than sixty years? It's almost catching up with humanity!

He is too aware of the importance of Cai Xiaoxi's experiments, and to put it mildly, it is entirely possible that the lifespan of human beings will change dramatically because of these experiments!

Of course, these are purely theoretical, and the real practical stage will only be more complicated, and is there a risk of directly transferring the gene encoding the telomerase catalytic subunit?

Cai Xiaoxi smiled, seeing that Zhou Chen was a little uneasy, she explained: "Of course, it is unrealistic to directly introduce foreign genes into the human body, even if it is the Oduo civilization, it does not dare to directly introduce genes into individuals now. Because the specificity of species and the ability to metabolize themselves are shaped through precise regulation over the years, adding an external interference factor to such a complex network structure can predict the outcome. ”

"So the most reasonable and safest thing to do is to inject activated telomerase into the finished product, which is a type of protein that is inhibited by various feedbacks, and it is not directly involved in passaging, so it will not have a negative impact on human heritage."

Zhou Chen nodded, the existence of species is sacred, no matter how well science and technology develop, he dare not say that he has mastered all the rules of the world! Reverence for the Divine and the unknown for the universe is the humility that a strong civilization should uphold.

Cai Xiaoxi said: "In the future, we plan to use the monoclonal method to prepare the target type of telomerase, and then find the most suitable ratio without side effects through the regulatory mechanism, starting with the gene nutrient solution, and carefully and conservatively improve life expectancy." ”

Zhou Chen thoughtfully glanced at the pale red cell tissue in the petri dish, and then indifferently followed behind Cai Xiaoxi to visit her experiments.

All of Cai Xiaoxi's current experiments are in the direction of how to extend human lifespan, so the initial focus is also on the treatment of telomeres. As for the research on chain databases, there is simply no corresponding knowledge reserve in the short term.

Telomeres are a piece of DNA molecule located at the end of a chromosome, and every time a cell divides, the telomeres will be shortened, so short that they can't be shorter, and life will end.

This is a normal mitotic mechanism that controls lifespan, so people also call the mechanism of telomere shortening "mitotic clock", and the reason why telomere shortening occurs is actually related to the replication mechanism of DNA.

When a cell needs to divide and pass, the DNA, which is the carrier of genetic information, will unwind and replicate. In the process of replication, the "DNA polymerase" grabs the raw materials (various nucleotides) that are free in the cell and splices them one by one with the original DNA strand as a template, so that the DNA is actually copied little by little from the 5' end to the 3' end.

However, the "DNA polymerase" involved in DNA replication is a special protein, which has a single function, it can only extend the original DNA strand, but cannot replicate DNA from scratch.

This means that for DNA to start replication, it needs a piece of RNA primer as the "starting strand" to bind to the original DNA!

Only after the RNA primer binds to the original DNA strand can the DNA polymerase act on the RNA primer and guide it to replicate the subsequent genes! This is where the problem arises, because eukaryotes are linear DNA (a long strand), then there must be a section of the original DNA that binds to the RNA primer, and this RNA primer is finally excised by the cellular mechanism, which will cause the newly replicated DNA to be shorter than the original DNA strand, and the DNA strand will be shortened with each replication generation.

Scientific research has proven that every time a human somatic cell is mitotic, if there is no telomerase activation for activation, it will lose telomeres (DNA fragments) in length of 50-200bp, and when thousands of nucleotides are lost, the cell will stop dividing and age.

Activated telomerase can lengthen the telomeric DNA sequence and greatly extend the lifespan of cells, so the theory is that telomeres are like a kind of "time delayed" fuse, which will be used up after a certain number of cell divisions, and when telomeres become too short, life will enter senescence and apoptosis.

Of course, the frequency of telomere shortening varies from age to age, but one thing is certain: by activating telomerase, the lifespan of cells can be extended, and thus the lifespan of the entire individual can be achieved.

Cai Xiaoxi's research is undoubtedly of great significance, after visiting the laboratory of the life science research group, Zhou Chen encouraged her very much, and in his heart, he also established life science as the primary discipline for the development of the future Earth Fleet!

After leaving the life science research group, Zhou Chen went to see Cao Jiangfeng again.

At this time, he was leading three hundred newly recruited scientists to explain to them the situation of the Earth fleet.

Because Zhou Chen has focused on the analysis permission module in the past few days, he handed over the task of receiving the second batch of scientists to Cao Jiangfeng. Now it seems that Cao Jiangfeng is still very suitable for this work.

There are a total of 300 newly recruited scientists, different from the first batch of recruited scientists, there are a few new faces in this batch of newcomers, they come from all over the world, from different countries, Zhou Chen focuses more on selecting those who are young and quick-thinking! Although the level of ability is certainly not as good as the first batch of 339 recruits, it is still very promising because they are young and full of energy, and with a little training.

Seeing Zhou Chen coming over, Cao Jiangfeng hurriedly signaled to him, and then Zhou Chen, the captain, made his first appearance in front of these newcomers. It's still the same, giving each newcomer a level of authority, and then some encouragement and admonition, Zhou Chen's majestic image of a leader is deeply rooted in everyone's hearts.

These people who have been selected know in their hearts that once they choose to come here, their fate has been cut off from before.

They gave up their nationality, gave up their life of leisure and pleasure, and came here, and what they had to do was obedience! In the current Earth Fleet, there is no so-called democracy and human rights at all, to put it mildly, it is completely up to Zhou Chen to have the final say here, and the bottom line is not to disobey Zhou Chen's will.

Zhou Chen will not be full of food to support the so-called democracy, the extraordinary situation should be very regular, just like it is impossible for an enterprise to let all employees vote for a CEO, and it is impossible for an army to vote for a military commander, the fleet is also a military organization, and the military organization implements democracy, which is to be played.

In addition to the 300 people of the Academy of Sciences, the Academy of Social Sciences also recruited 300 people who had unique achievements in the economic, political, and humanistic fields, but these people did not let them come to the fleet because the area of their daily activities was the earth, and it was difficult to guarantee the leakage of secrets in contact with people.

Therefore, although these three hundred people joined the so-called "Earth Fleet Social Academy" and were assigned by the Social Academy, they didn't even know that there really was an Earth Fleet!