Hello everyone! I am: ordinary people, the author of this book, the following article was unintentionally read on a website last year, when everyone was also talking about "Resident Evil", this is a similar biochemical professional netizen to "Resident Evil" game in the "virus" principle and some settings of the explanation, but also one of the important references for my usual creation, I think it is very good! I took it out today to share it with you, but due to some reasons such as time, the post of the original website and the screen name of this netizen are unknown, and if someone knows or remembers to tell me, I will indicate the original author!!

As the author of this book, I would like to thank this unknown netizen and biochemical enthusiast for his advice!! Thank you!

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T-virus

What is a virus?

I'm afraid most people's understanding of viruses is that they cause disease and are the smallest organisms (some people think they are not). Pen, fun, pavilion www. biquge。 infoActually, if we know more, we can find more interesting things, which have a lot to do with the setting in the game. Truth be told, viruses are so fascinating that if I were a professional, I wouldn't be able to resist the idea of creating or modifying them, so I'll forgive the scientists at Umbrella.

At the heart of the virus is a small amount of genetic material, i.e. chromosomes made up of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) or ribonucleic acid (RNA), surrounded by a protein coat. Since it does not have a cellular structure, it is very small and immune to antibiotics.

Usually, when a virus infects a victim cell, it first attaches to the cell surface, dissolves a small hole in the cell surface with enzymes, and then injects its own genetic material into the cell to the genetic material (usually a chromosome set of large segments of DNA linked by transcribing, such as humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes). Since one enzyme can only solubilize specific kinds of proteins, there are also limited types of organisms that a virus can infect.

Viruses are divided into virulent viruses (also called virulent viruses) and mild viruses, and the process after infecting cells is different.

If it is a virulent virus, it will break the chromosomes of the cell and become the material for the synthesis of the chromosomes of the virus. The synthetic viral chromosomes, in turn, control the synthesis of new viral protein coats, which are then assembled into new viruses. Eventually, the cell disintegrates, releasing a large number of progeny viruses.

If it's a mild virus, it's "milder". Mild viruses only occasionally exhibit the behavior of the virulent viruses described above, and most often undergo a process called the lysogenic cycle. In this process, the virus is relatively stable in the cell, and the cell will continue to survive and proliferate, sometimes releasing a small amount of virus. The cells that survive mild virus infection are called lytic cells, and lysogenic cells are immune to the same virus that they have been infected with, and when they divide, they pass this lysogenic to the daughter cells (that is, the daughter cells also integrate the same virus), and the lysogenic can be passed on almost semi-permanently without intervention.

So what kind of virus is a T-virus?

We don't see the vitality failure caused by the massive dissolution of biogenesis cells infected with the T virus, in fact, the developed biological weapons are quite stable, and zombies have better physical strength than normal people. If it is a virulent virus infection, although eating can make up for the loss to a certain extent, because the virus grows in geometric progression, the rate of destruction of organisms will become faster and faster, until the biological metabolism speed cannot catch up and eventually lead to death. Thus we can rule out virulent viruses.

Then the T-virus is a mild virus. It will live in symbiosis with the host. As mentioned above, there are very limited types of organisms that can be infected by a virus, and there are many types of organisms that can be harmed in the game, so T-virus should be a general term for a class of viruses with the same function.

What is the T-virus used for?

Although we saw the terrible zombie army in Raccoon, the original purpose of Umbrella's research on the T-virus was not to create zombies or directly spread the T-virus, but to develop biological weapons (B.O.W.) using the T-virus. These creatures include Cerberus (a generation of dogs), Neptune (a shark of a generation), hunters, tyrants (including pursuers who parasitize Nemesis), walking plants (ivy), and more.

Why do we need to use viruses in the development of biological weapons? In fact, the core part of these development projects is genetic recombination. This is not about regrouping the chromosomes like hybridization, but about changing the chromosomes themselves. In contrast, cloning technology, which was hyped up at the end of the 20th century, is really just an entry-level technology.

As mentioned earlier, mild viruses integrate their own genetic material into the chromosomes of the host cell and live in symbiosis for long periods of time. During this symbiotic period, it is clear that the genotype of the host cell changes due to the integration of the viral chromosome, and the characteristics of the cell change accordingly (this is called lysogenic switching). This means that the host itself will mutate to a greater or lesser extent, and may even mutate into another organism, depending on the magnitude and nature of the impact of the integrated virus (referred to as the provirus or provirus) on the host. We can see the results directly in the game: the impact of the T-virus is enormous, and its change in the direction of living things is exactly what researchers need. The various biological weapons that have been successfully developed in the laboratory have also largely met expectations.

Why do citizens infected with the T virus have symptoms of decay, excessive appetite, and drowsiness?

Decay and gluttony are both for the same reason: infection with the T-virus is thwarted by the body's immune system. Immune cells try to kill infected cells, often in a "die all" manner, resulting in a large amount of necrotic tissue in the body. In order to repair the loss of tissues and restore the function of the immune system, a large amount of food is needed to provide materials and energy sources, which makes the infected person have an exuberant appetite.

As for drowsiness, it can only be thought to be the result of an infection in the brain, and although it is impossible to figure out the details, we just need to know that this is not normal.

It should be noted that under normal circumstances, the brain is protected by tissue isolation called the "blood-brain barrier" and does not come into contact with immune cells, so if the barrier is not damaged, the brain is likely to complete the mutation relatively intact. As a result, zombies are still able to walk upright and forage for food. (Antibodies can enter the brain, but they don't damage the cells.) This is just a side mention, if you are interested, you can look up the keywords "cellular immunity", "humoral immunity". ）

The biological weapons cultivated by UMBRELLA are supposed to have been altered with the T virus from the stage of fertilized eggs (or early embryos), so they can avoid the interference of the immune system and the drag of pre-infection growth conditions, and obtain healthy and stable mutant organisms. Obviously, the fertilized eggs are not limited to one organism, and foreign genes can also be mixed as needed, which makes biological weapons diverse.

Why does the length of time it takes for victims to become zombies varies?

Everyone's physique is different. Before the outbreak of the Raccoon crisis, most of the first victims were only in contact with small organisms carrying the virus in the sewers, and they were in good health, so they were able to maintain normal for several days, during which symptoms such as itching (slight tissue necrosis) and bulimia appeared. A person who has been attacked by zombies to the point of dying is different, his immunity is so weak that the virus can easily invade, and if the virus enters the bloodstream directly from the wound, it will spread to all parts of the body in a very short time, greatly speeding up the infection process.

The city of Raccoon has had a massive spread or outbreak of the virus, mainly caused by zombie attacks. Suppose a zombie attacks two people every two hours on average, and the victim becomes a zombie after an average of two hours, then from the first zombie, there will be 3 zombies after 2 hours, and 9 zombies after 4 hours,... Twenty-four hours later, there were 531,441, and the city of Raccoon had a population of just 100,000.

G virus

What kind of virus is G-virus? What is the difference between G virus and T virus?

G viruses, like T viruses, are still mild viruses. Of course, they produce different mutated creatures, which everyone sees, but that's not the most important thing.

As mentioned earlier, adults infected with the T virus are unstable and relatively incapacitated, and only fertilized eggs can grow into healthy mutant organisms after they are infected. The G virus has a different function and can be used in biological adults, which is the uniqueness of William's research results, and we also saw William's personal experience in Biochemistry II.

His wife, Ante, has this line: "(G virus) is very different from the T virus, which can only produce waste zombies", why compare G monsters to zombies? Didn't the T-virus also make a tyrant and an analogy that was no inferior to the G-monster? The reason is that T-type biological weapons such as tyrants can only be cultivated from fertilized eggs, and G monsters, like zombies, are mutations generated from biological adults, and are not comparable to T-type biological weapons.

It is worth mentioning that Wesker also achieves adult mutation through the virus provided by Williamambirkin. This virus is obviously a product of the G virus, or a certain type of the G virus, and Wesker's eyes are a hint.

So how does G virus solve the immune problem of biological adults?

The most common thought is that the G virus may be able to completely control the immune organs in a short period of time, but based on the clues in the game, I think it is more likely that the immune system will not be able to recognize the G virus and the infected cells. I don't have a clear answer to how exactly the G virus does this. But there is no shortage of similar examples, such as tumors.

However, we know that even if they are both humans, the organs transplanted from each other are likely to be rejected by the immune system as a foreign body, so the G virus that can disguise the material of host A may not be able to successfully disguise the material of host B. Therefore, it is likely that G viruses must be customized for the individual host they are specified. William custom-made the G virus for himself in an experiment, and the original intention is unknown, but it was later used.

This would explain why the G-virus syringes destroyed by William's transformation did not cause a large number of G-monsters to appear in Raccoon City, as there are very few people who match William's genotype enough. Ordinary people who come into contact with the G virus may produce zombie-like mutations, or they may not be infected at all, depending on how William designed the G virus.

Personally, I am a little suspicious that Lika (licker) is a mutation of ordinary people infected with the G virus. This monster has only been seen in Raccoon City, and only in Biohazard 2 and Biohazard Network versions, which have a lot of G-viruses, and stronger instances have appeared in William's factory. However, there is no direct basis for this speculation.

However, the G larvae can still parasitize other creatures and grow into a G monster, because it is not a virus, but a biological embryo.

G larvae are created from the body of the G monster and forcibly implanted into other organisms by the G monster. It is metabolized in the host in a manner similar to that of a malignant tumor, but it is also different from a tumor. A tumor can become a tumor only after it escapes the surveillance of the immune system, which is one of the prerequisites for it to develop from a mutant cell into a tumor. After the G larvae parasitize a strange organism, the conditions for avoiding surveillance and avoiding rejection are similar to those of the G virus. That is, unless the host is a person who is genotype close enough to William, rejection of G larvae is almost inevitable.

As a result of rejection, the larvae will tear open the host's body and escape once they have grown enough to do so, because the host's immune system is not strong enough to destroy, or even contain, the viable larvae, but it is certainly painful. This is why Brianirons, the director of the bureau, or the journalist Benbertolucci, died tragically shortly after being parasitized.

Of course, William's biological daughter Sherry has a similar genotype to him, and the G larvae produced by William may match Sherry, so the mutated William looks for Sherry everywhere. Later, we saw that the G larvae were growing up in Sherry's body, which shows that Sherry is indeed a suitable candidate. According to Biohaku 2's document "Method for Generating 'Devil' with G Antigen Body G Vaccine", "After a considerable period of time, it gradually fuses with the body of the parasite, and finally completely replaces the cells of the parasitic body with its own cell tissue, and transforms into a complete G organism." ”。 In fact, the Chinese version of this document omits the first half of the sentence "unlessrejectedbythehost (unless rejected by the host)", an inconspicuous but actually important half.