In the more than 40 years since the Kangxi reign, floods and droughts have been particularly serious throughout the country, especially in Linzi and Hejian in Shandong.

1. The record of the flood in the history books is as follows: "In May of the 42nd year, the water depth of Dong'e and Jiangling was deep, and the houses collapsed; Qingcheng, Yanggu land boating. In November, Jinan Province was flooded. ”

"In May of the forty-second year, the lewd rain in Changyi and Ye County harmed the crops; The high density of obscenity and the rain are full of moon, and the crops are gone. In August, heavy rain in Zouping damaged crops; Qihe lewd rain for more than 40 days and nights in Weixian County, Pingdu lewd rain harms crops. ”

2. The record of the flood in the "Prepart of the Forty-third Year of the Kangxi Disaster" is as follows: "In April of the forty-second year of the Kangxi Dynasty, the sky rained and the two wheat harvests failed. On May 24, Jiazi, the wind and rain were overwhelming, and since then the rain has been endless, and the clear stream in Longzhong has come out of the sky. The peasants are not allowed to suffer, the grass is lost in the frontier, and the crops are competing for growth".

According to the account, the situation soon changed: "On June 19, it began to be sunny, and then it stopped raining. The water in the low field is not shin, it is sunny for a long time, and after the scorching sun, if the soup is boiled, the grass is exhausted. "The floods turned into even more terrible droughts. For this protracted drought, there are only a few words in the history books: "In the spring of 43 years, Qingpu, Peixian, Yizhou, Le'an, and Linqu were drought. ”

3. In addition to the increasingly severe drought situation of "half a foot deep and no moist soil" at that time, there was also a plague (bed bug disaster). "Gu has been dry for a long time, the field is half a foot deep and there is no moist soil, and the wheat planting period is in the middle of the season." "The light rain in the Mid-Autumn Festival is not plowable, and the farmers are in a hurry," so they have to reluctantly plant the seeds of hope under the harsh conditions of "plowing into the ground, only without its sharpness, plowing and grass, wet and dry".

The result of this strong seed is that "the seedlings of the first seed are intermittent and intermittent, and they are as fine as silk; The latter does not come back. Climb and look at it, one or two sprouts have no gaps, but they are barren and not fat."

Unfortunately, the last hope of the farmers was dashed by the absence of snow in the winter, and there was no rain to moisten the crops for a whole year. Although the ones planted in high places barely survived the drought and flood, they suffered from disasters. It is strange and smelly, and the clan gathers grass seeds, and the seeds are raised for the grave. ”

This kind of insect "is the most numerous, and it is good at stinging, and it does not die in winter ice and snow." ”

and "not to be driven out, not to be extinguished, for the sake of no end of harm." As a result, "the grass was withered and stammered, and it was soaked in a stench." Although the beans were not plagued, due to the lack of rain, "there is no hope for people". The failure of various crops eventually led to the result that "all six counties are hungry, millet is expensive, and the wax is exhausted, and the wheat and sorghum are 700 and the corn is 500".

Fourth, according to the records of historical records, at this critical juncture, the imperial court still continued to implement a new monetary policy: "In the forty-first year, the old system was changed to light money, and private casting was revived, and the old and new money were temporarily combined, and the new money was one or two pieces of silver, and the old money was seven dollars, but the private casting could not be stopped. ”

The new monetary policy has made matters worse for the people in the midst of the disaster: "And the choice of money is also harsh. First of all, the official decree: the miscellaneous money in the city, the convenience of the people, the new money in the capital, is not allowed to be reinstated. The people who bought and sold were very afraid of this policy, and "the official money was not used in the old days", and some private miners destroyed the official money in two, so the normal circulation of money was seriously affected.

After a long time, the new currency was still not issued, "carrying a thousand coins could not buy rice, and there were many people who starved to death while holding money, and the upper and lower officials were severely tortured." It is pointed out that the implementation of the new monetary policy of the imperial court is an important reason for the exacerbation of natural disasters, and the natural disasters and ** make the people can only fill their hunger with the chaff of "shell times", and the beggars at the bottom of the society "even the chaff can not come to it".

5. In the following year (in the 43rd year of Kangxi, there were just two snows and the drought began to appear: "those who planted wheat in autumn died of drought, those who planted in spring died, and those who planted in the bay died in Gaotian", "the price of millet also rose, and the fight reached a thousand dollars".

The people had to eat the leaves of the trees: "At the beginning of spring, the elm bark is empty, and the jade trees are in the forest. The disaster in Zichuan, Shandong Province was even more serious: "The six counties are all suffering from famine, and Zichuan is suffering from famine; The six counties are all suffering from drought, and Zi is suffering from both self-reliance."

The common people are desperate and helpless in the catastrophe, and "no one can find hope".

Under the catastrophe, public order was chaotic, thieves flocked, and Zichuan was even more turbulent: "The six counties all suffer from hunger, and Zichuan suffers from thieves." Since the winter police thief, there is no Ning Village, and the village has no Ning Day".

If there are buckets of millet in the house, a lot of money, and complete clothes in the box, then no one dares to sleep with their eyes closed.

The rapid decline in social wealth and the uneven distribution of wealth have led to "theft and gain", and "as many as forty or fifty people as a clan will set fire to village houses, kill people and commit adultery, and they will not be able to do so."

Most of the people are just waiting to slaughter a lamb in the face of a strongman: "I dare not report it, nor dare I hurt it"; The people who dared to resist were faced with the embarrassing situation of "robbers and murderers do not ask the officials, and people who kill and kill thieves are afraid of the officials". There has been a situation in which "the cover is unknown to the thief official, but the human life official knows it", "the thief has no way to die, and the human life has no way to live", and there is no distinction between good and evil.

These detailed accounts make it clear to us that, at the time of the catastrophe, the Qing government had lost its coercive power; The management of grass-roots officials in the Qing Dynasty was weak and dim; The legal system is weak and unreasonable. Without official support, the people could only resist the thieves by deceiving themselves and others, such as "but the arrow is removed, and the gun is removed to be shocked", and only the thieves are "scattered", and carefully save their lives in the troubled times.

But this weak resistance will only lead to more chaos in society, and chaos will lead the people to further misery, forming a vicious circle. It has even reached the point of "stealing the sun", "but the thief does not escape, like lice possession, although the thing is barren and not dead, it can still be attached". At that time, the people at the bottom were facing three disasters: one natural disaster, one **, and one thief.

6. The Great Famine. The Great Famine is recorded in the history books as follows: "In the autumn of the forty-second year, there was a great famine in Peixian, Haozhou, Dong'e, Qufu, Puxian, and Tengxian. In winter, Wenshang, Yizhou, Juzhou, Yanzhou, Dongchang, and Yuncheng were hungry and cannibalistic. ”

"In the spring of the forty-third year, there was a great hunger in Tai'an, cannibalism, and the dead were resting on their pillows; Feicheng and Dongping are hungry and cannibalistic; There was a great hunger in Yanzhou and Dengzhou, and most of the people died, so they ate grass in the house; Changyi and Jimo are hungry and cannibalistic. ”

At that time, the rural areas of Zichuan were "Zizhi was full of grass, so they carried the rice and left the road, and all the people of Zichuan were also." The people of Zi reluctantly left their homeland under the scorching sun, and some entire villages were empty: "It was very Zi, the consuming people died two and fled three, and the survivors were three and the thieves were two." ”

The people are desperate, "even if they are alive, they forget their love", and they can't care about the family affection and the deep love between husband and wife at this moment. There are those whose family members starved to death but ignored them: "Or they come out with their mouths, die one of them, and ignore it, and the corpse is on the road, and there is no one who cries." "There are those who forsake their children and their wives; There are those who sell children and women: "It is only when people are cheap, and it is easy for women with drooping hair." ”

Among the fleeing teams, some people starved to death on the side of the road, "Daojin has no one to lose, and the poultry and dogs are buried separately." The victims were displaced, "covered with no grass, no food, no wet soil, no shelter, so the children and mothers were scorched." "Just because there is no rain and the land is dry, the wives and daughters who fled the famine were sunburned to death in the hot sun!

"The county town is gathered by the wanderers, and the country is scorched", "the side of the road is desolate", under such harsh conditions, a large number of displaced people died, so "the good men of the suburbs dug wells, several feet deep, and accepted the corpses; It is full of re-digging and covering more than ten wells, and it is still unfinished. This cannot be called a burial of burial, but it is "a burial of Judah" in the eyes of the living, "into the well, and Judah to be buried." ”

The catastrophe intensified, culminating in the greatest tragedy in the world: cannibalism!" Those who carry human flesh drive donkeys in the early morning and carry them to the market, and the price is one of ten sheep; Or refining the ointment and staining it, with a rod lotus altar, hitting the copper plate in the market, the price depends on the groove grinder of black linen. "In the face of the great calamity, man has restored his animal nature, and has eaten his own kind, and human life is not as valuable as a sheep.

Humane society is almost collapsing in the face of natural disasters!

Moreover, from the 41st year of Kangxi to the 49th year of Kangxi, it was a period of high incidence of epidemics, and according to historical records, a total of 22 such epidemics occurred.

From the first year of Kangxi to the thirteenth year of Yongzheng, there were more than 50 epidemics, so the Kangxi period was not a prosperous era at all.

And choosing this time to cross is also the easiest way to pull up a rebel army and sweep the country.