Chapter 70: High-Temperature Superconductors!
"Don't bother, auntie, I just happened to go out to do some errands, and I'll bring breakfast back when I come back." Luo Hai waved his hand.
Seeing that Luo Hai was very resolute, Lin Yuefang nodded helplessly. She had just been woken up by the sound of the gas stove burning, and thought the kitchen was on fire.
"Okay, auntie, you go to sleep first, women will get wrinkles when they don't get enough sleep when they're old." Luo Hai walked out of the kitchen and said with concern to Lin Yuefang.
Lin Yuefang snorted, twisted her body lazily, and walked towards the bedroom: "Well, you go and get busy, I'll go back to the room and rest for a while." ”
Luo Hai nodded, came to the water dispenser and took a sip of water. After doing this, Luo Hai returned to his room, put on his clothes, picked up the tactical military tablet and left the house.
Going downstairs to the Warrior heavy military off-road vehicle, Luo Hai drove the car out of the community and came to the city road.
"First of all, restore the temperature in the three-dimensional space of the hexahedron to normal." Luo Hai drove the car, thinking silently in his heart.
Even if Luo Hai has been secretly releasing the heat in the three-dimensional space of the hexahedron, the temperature in the three-dimensional space of the hexahedron is still as high as 1600 degrees Celsius.
At this temperature, the human flesh can still be roasted alive, with a hint of fragrance, and you can eat it with some mustard and spices.
Galloping on the city road at about half past five, all the way Luo Haikong zhì accelerated the release of heat in the hexahedral three-dimensional space in the surrounding environment, and after half an hour, all the accumulated heat was released in the hexahedral three-dimensional space isolated by the six-sided space barrier, and it was restored to a normal temperature state.
"Next, I need to cool down, and if I want to cool down, I need to get a little liquid nitrogen." After restoring the hexahedron three-dimensional space to a normal temperature, Luo Hai came to a noodle restaurant, eating noodles while silently thinking about what to do next.
minus 1°, 10°, or even 50°, which makes little difference to metals, and the physical properties do not change very much.
Only below minus 100° will the physical properties of the metal itself undergo some changes.
After eating noodles at three noodle restaurants in a row and filling his stomach, Luo Haitong Guò tactical military tablet found a NSA officer who was protecting him around him.
After finding this NSA officer, Luo Hai explained his intentions, and he nodded in agreement. Then Luo Hai was taken to a pharmaceutical factory and a full 20 kilograms of liquid nitrogen were extracted.
After paying, Luo Hai left the pharmaceutical factory with a double-layer tempered bottle specially filled with liquid nitrogen and drove home. On the way, he bought breakfast for his aunt and the third daughter, and after making this qiē, Luo Hai returned to his aunt's house.
Carrying a double-layer tempered bottle containing liquid nitrogen and breakfast back to his aunt's house, Luo Hai put breakfast on the table and returned to Luo Rou's room.
Locking the door, Luo Hai gently opened the cap of the double-layer tempered bottle, and the next moment the inside of the double-layer tempered bottle with extremely low temperature came into contact with the room temperature environment, and a stream of water vapor that instantly condensed into a solid state came out.
Luo Hai used space energy and quickly put the liquid nitrogen contained in the double-layer tempering flask into the hexahedral three-dimensional space. After the liquid nitrogen enters the hexahedral three-dimensional space in an instant, the temperature of the hexahedral three-dimensional space in a vacuum state drops rapidly.
After extracting a quarter of the liquid nitrogen, Luo Hai recapped the double-layer tempered flask, and then set his eyes on the three-dimensional space of the hexahedron.
"Let's see how Y1 metal changes when it is at low temperatures." Luo Hai stared at the hexahedral three-dimensional space where the temperature dropped to minus 50 degrees Celsius due to five kilograms of liquid nitrogen, and after thinking silently in his heart, he took out the Y1 metal in the space above his head and slowly put it into the hexahedral three-dimensional space.
"Resistance drops!"
When the Y1 metal entered the three-dimensional space of the hexahedron, Luo Hai, who was constantly using the golden energy to observe and collect several jù, found that the physical properties of the Y1 metal itself were rapidly changing.
The resistance drops from 100% to 50% in an environment of minus 50 degrees Celsius, and it has excellent conductivity characteristics, photoelectric characteristics, negative resistivity temperature characteristics, and rectification characteristics.
"At low temperatures, the resistance decreases, and at present, there is no change in the hardness and density of Y1 metal, and the resistance decreases to 50%, which has a free electron flow and becomes a new semiconductor material." The change in the physical properties of Y1 metal was immediately collected by Luo Hai and the number of changes jù: "There is no change in the structure of the atomic arrangement. ”
"Keep experimenting!"
Time passed slowly, and as the liquid nitrogen reached minus 173 degrees Celsius, the temperature in the three-dimensional hexahedron space, which was only 1 cubic decimeter, kept getting lower, and it was rapidly decreasing at a rate of 1 ° per minute.
"The resistivity is 40%, the atomic arrangement structure has not changed, and it is still in the semiconductor material."
The decrease in temperature meant that the Y1 metal was constantly changing, and as the resistivity became lower and lower, Luo Hai entered countless real yàn numbers jù into his laptop at an inhuman speed and stored them.
"With a resistivity of 5% and a temperature of only minus 90 degrees Celsius, God, will Y1 metal become a high-temperature superconductor material before minus 100 degrees Celsius?!!!"
As the cooling continued, time passed slowly, Luo Hai's breathing gradually became heavier, and extreme ecstasy surged in the whole person's heart.
Luo Hai, who was constantly detecting and collecting the real yàn number jù, looked at the Y1 metal in the hexahedral three-dimensional space that was constantly affected by liquid nitrogen, and couldn't help but shout in his mouth.
At present, the temperature in the three-dimensional space of the hexahedron is only minus 90 degrees, but the resistivity of Y1 metal itself has dropped to the category of excellent conductive materials, and the resistivity is only 5%.
But this doesn't matter, the important thing is that as the temperature continues to decrease, the resistivity of Y1 metal itself continues to decrease.
God, if the resistivity of Y1 metal disappears to 0 before minus 100 degrees Celsius, it means that Y1 metal will become a high-temperature superconductor above minus 100 degrees Celsius after the three processes of insulating materials, excellent semiconductor materials and excellent conductive materials.
unimaginable!
High-temperature superconductor materials of more than minus 100 degrees Celsius will appear!
High-temperature superconductors are not high temperatures of hundreds of degrees Celsius, but new superconductor materials that have been defined by all scientists to break the 77K 'temperature barrier' liquid nitrogen temperature region.
After the discovery of superconductivity in 1911, people were attracted by its peculiar properties.
Can you imagine?
Is there a material in the world with zero resistance, perfect diamagnetism and quantum tunneling?
Yes, people didn't believe it at the time. But after the discovery of low-temperature superconductor materials at temperatures below 77 K, the whole world went crazy.
The resistance is zero, which means that even if the cable is built with superconductor material, even if it is transported from Florida to New York, from Moscow to the capital of China, not even a little current will be lost during this period.
The prospects for its applications are extremely broad, high-current applications, electronics applications, diamagnetic applications, superconducting power generation and transmission, and energy storage, superconducting computers, superconducting antennas, superconducting radars, superconducting electronic devices.
Diamagnetism is used in strategic industries such as maglev trains and thermonuclear reactors.
In addition, superconductor materials also have a quantum tunneling effect, which is of inestimable value to various cutting-edge disciplines such as modern physical science and high-energy physics.
It can be said without hesitation that with room temperature superconductor materials, a country's industry and science and technology will show a blowout development, which is the material that promotes the scientific and technological revolution of the entire industry.
But!
Low-temperature superconductor materials below 77K cannot be applied on a large scale in the 21st century, and the main problem is how to maintain a low temperature of minus 196.15.
After 75 years of countless researches, scientists still could not solve the fatal problem of low-temperature superconductor materials, and all the superconductor materials that had been discovered at that time could only appear superconducting properties below the temperature of 23K.
However, this has not discouraged people and scientists from studying superconductor materials.
In the eighties of the twentieth century, Bernoz and Muller discovered a superconductor with a temperature of 35K, which made a breakthrough in the discovery of rare earth barium-copper oxide superconductors, and the replacement of elements by guò was extremely fast, and two scientists, Wu Maokun of Chinese American descent and Zhao Zhongxian of China's Institute of Physics, discovered iridium-barium-copper superconductors at a temperature of 90K.
As a result, the discovery of the two broke the blockade of the 'temperature barrier' in the 77K liquid nitrogen temperature region, making the concept of high-temperature superconductor materials appear for the first time in the world.
Since then, there has been a wave of research around the world to explore new high-temperature superconductor materials.
The whole high-temperature superconductor material includes four categories: rare earth series at 90 K, bismuth at 110 K, thallium at 125 K, and mercury at 135 K.
Although several high-temperature superconductor materials have entered the initial application stage so far, their low temperature limitations still have great limitations on the large-scale application of superconductor materials.
The maximum temperature of 135K mercury-based superconductor materials is converted to minus 138.15 degrees Celsius.
This temperature is still unacceptable, and it is important to understand that large-scale application can mean the manufacture of electronic devices such as wires.
Can you imagine?
Do you have to keep the high-voltage wires above your head, which are made of 135K mercury-based high-temperature superconductor materials and carry hundreds of thousands of amperes of current at all times, at -138.15 degrees Celsius at all times?
At present, the application of high-temperature superconductor materials is still limited by temperature.
But what did Luo Hai find now?
The Y1 metal element that appears superconducting at minus 100 degrees Celsius or more!
"A high-temperature superconductor material that initially appeared superconductivity above minus 100 degrees Celsius is likely to become an epoch-making room temperature superconductor material if it is studied in depth!"
Luo Hai forcibly suppressed the ecstasy in his heart, and still gathered the changes in the Y1 metal during the cooling process into his laptop and recorded it.
The temperature is getting lower and lower, and the Y1 metal element, which once did not change its resistivity at a high temperature of 1800 degrees Celsius, is now in a low temperature environment of minus 92 degrees Celsius, and the resistivity has dropped to 1.2%.
At this value, even if Y1 metal cannot superconduct, it is an epoch-making metallic element.
"The resistivity drops to 0.3%...... 0.2%…… 0.1%…… 0, the phenomenon of superconductivity has appeared! Luo Hai stared at the Y1 metal in the hexahedral three-dimensional space with wide eyes, and finally saw that the resistivity of the Y1 metal element dropped to 0, and after the diamagnetism appeared, he immediately clenched his fists tightly, and the whole person was extremely excited.
After the excitement, his heart was full of ecstasy, as if a volcano burst out, Luo Hai only felt that his whole person was floating.
"At 6:30 a.m. on Sunday, April 7, 2014, it was discovered that the Y1 metal, which has a superconducting phenomenon at minus 93.15 degrees Celsius, has zero resistivity, perfect diamagnetism and quantum tunneling effect. can promote the development of the entire civilization. ”