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Cheng Pan looked in front of the newly completed steel and watched them participate in a series of quality inspections. This batch of steel is formed from the furnace to the hot rolling of it by four steam engines driven by a giant press, and more than a dozen steps such as quenching and tempering are all operated under Cheng Pan's perception. Cheng Pan focused on understanding the number of bubbles in the steel, the generation of cracks under denaturation, and the amount of impurities inside. Of course, there are also things that Cheng Pan can't cheat with, such as the content of phosphorus sulfuric acid substances in steel, and each process has undergone repeated realization, and constantly changing the conditions slightly. The road to steel is like a marathon, Cheng Pan's cheating is just to change a bicycle instead of running, and the journey is still long. But after months of exploring. The quality of steel is improving little by little.

But soon, a news that made Cheng Pan extremely excited and mixed with a hint of helplessness came, and Cheng Pan showed that his biggest golden finger in farming in this era was not his ability.

What kind of power tens of thousands of junior high school students can produce in this era, Cheng Pan didn't know before. Cheng Pan's experience, a qualified product from the Celestial Empire's large industrial production model, represents the state of science students in the Celestial Empire in the 21st century, and high scores and low ability are the labels they are labeled by the outside world. Speaking of which, Chinese students have been learning their theoretical knowledge before entering the society, and this knowledge has been useless. Cheng Pan is the same, just a little derivative of what he has learned. The specific production links are still being explored by themselves. Cheng Pan taught a lot of physical and chemical knowledge to the young people in the territory, but he had heard from history that Prussia rose in this way, as for the use of this knowledge, Cheng Pan just felt that he had more energy-producing workers.

However, tens of thousands of curious teenagers were brought into this new field of knowledge by Cheng Pan, and fully waved their curious baby's nature, and their creativity provided a rocket-like power for Cheng Pan's productivity.

Cai Gang is the son of Master Cai, the director of the No. 2 Iron and Steel Plant, and since Master Cai and Master Zeng managed a steel mill separately, the two have been competing with each other. Because Cheng Pan was doing a solid job in Master Zeng's No. 1 steel mill, Master Cai felt that he had "fallen out of favor" and had no good eyes on Master Zeng. At the same time, Master Zeng was also angry about Master Cai's removal of the elite soldiers in the No. 1 steel plant.

Not to mention the grievances between the two, Cai Gang has always been interested in steel under his father's tutelage. After the speech of the orthodox road that he climbed, he was full of pride in being born into a family of steel. After graduating from the junior high school chemistry examination, he took some of his classmates to work in his father's steel mill, due to the strict rules formulated by Cheng Pan and the good tutoring of Master Cai, Cai Gang did not get special care, and has been participating in the basic work.

In Cheng Pan's chemistry book, it is stated that pig iron only has a higher carbon content than gang. Cai Gang had a grudge against a large pile of pig iron in his steel mill, and a good pot was just mixed with some carbon, and the quality and price were greatly reduced. It needs to be neutralized with wrought iron. Wrought iron, on the other hand, needs to be forged repeatedly for decarburization. Is there a way to decarbonize quickly. Cai Gang and his classmates began to study. Master Cai knew that his son was going to drum up the yàn, and adopted an attitude of approval. Because Cheng Pan did a real job in Master Zeng, Master Cai had a little affection.

The last plan that Cai Gang and his team came up with was to make a large column-type crucible, pour the blast furnace molten iron directly, open a few small openings from the bottom of the crucible, blow in hot air with a blower driven by a steam engine and a water turbine, and at the same time use a mechanically driven iron rod to stir the molten iron constantly, so that the oxygen and molten iron in the air can fully contact and react with the carbon before it cools down.

Master Cai pointed out the shortcomings of this scheme: we must always pay attention to the temperature when stirring, and this method is easy to solidify and pour the molten pig iron in the crucible.

Soon the real yàn began to be the Double Ninth Festival in 1343 AD, and history should remember this date. When a furnace of molten iron is fed into a special crucible, a blower and wrought iron ceramic stirring rod begin to stir. Unlike the assumption that the temperature of the molten iron drops, after the hot air is introduced, there is a violent reaction, and the temperature of the molten iron does not drop but increases, and the molten iron is constantly sputtered as if it is boiling. The two of them were caught off guard by the splashes of molten iron that flew out, but fortunately they were wearing special protective clothing, otherwise it would not have been as simple as a minor injury. Master Cai shouted loudly, "Stand out, all retreat, don't stop the blower." The stirrer was brought up for me, and if I didn't, it would melt. Master Cai's face was red when he gave the order, and his hands were trembling with excitement. With his many years of experience, the temperature change in the furnace at this time could not hide from him, as an old blacksmith, he also read the knowledge about steel in the process of climbing chemistry, and knew that at such a high temperature, carbon and oxygen must be emitting heat. In fact, it is not only carbon that is emitted heat in the furnace, but also a large amount of silicon and other substances are oxidized, and brown smoke comes out of the furnace roof. Master Chua knew they had an easy way to decarbonize. With the reaction calm. Master Cai gave an order: "Dump the molten iron." The furnace turns and tilts to pour out the liquid metal. After quenching and cooling, everyone couldn't wait to test their products, and Master Cai kept beating the newly baked metal blocks with the hammer that had been prepared, and after repeated beating. Then he paused and said in a fugue tone: "Steel, we have made a furnace of steel". After saying this, I couldn't help laughing out loud and tears flowed in my eyes at the same time, I have been beating iron all my life, and today I know that steel can be refined. The people around were anxiously waiting for Master Cai's authoritative verification. Began to cheer. Some hugged in pairs, some threw out their hard hats, and soon the whole atmosphere of steel was infected.

Cai Gangming's steelmaking was exactly the same as the converter steelmaking method of Cheng Pan's original time and space by the Englishman Besmer in 1855. It was a milestone in steel smelting in the world and marked a watershed moment in modern steel technology. This method reduces the cost of steel refining by a factor of seven at once.

Compared with the steel made by Bessemer by this method at that time, Cai Gang's product quality at this time was even better. Because the converter steelmaking was just used at that time, and at the same time, it could not solve the acidic substances such as phosphorus and sulfur in the furnace, Cheng Pan had already known the method of adding calcium carbonate to reconcile the acidity and alkalinity in the blast furnace from high school chemistry books. In the early eighties of the nineteenth century, when Cheng Pan's steelmaking technology tree suddenly climbed, of course, it was only steelmaking technology, and there was still a long way to go in steel processing and the formulation of various alloy steels.

After the advent of this method, Cheng Panhuo's No. 2 steel plant observed the whole process of steelmaking with this method. Now I have reached it. At the same time, I felt that my work in the No. 1 steel plant for a few months was a bit wasted. In the past few months, Cheng Pan has spent most of his time researching how to process high-quality steel through guò irrigation and steel copying, but now it is so easy to make steel. Cheng Pan felt that he had been in a dead end for too long in the past few months. This feeling is that when I was a student, I was busy dealing with summer vacation homework, lying on my desk for hours, typing a dozen pages of drafts, and suddenly there was a reference answer behind me.

Cai Gang soon applied for a patent for this method under the auspices of Cheng Pan. In order to give his father a little light, he did not name Cai's steelmaking method but changed its name to Xiao Cai's steelmaking method. Master Cai went to the No. 1 steel plant and made a round. Master Zeng has always avoided him because he is sick.

With a large number of qualified steel products leaving the factory, Cheng Pan finally had enough steel to make steam engines. The original piston problem was also overcome. That is to make a groove in the iron piston and make the piston ring with softer wrought iron. When the piston is moving, it grinds with the cylinder liner until it is suitable, and this process is called running-in. Because the piston ring is softer than the cylinder liner, it is more worn, and the piston should be removed for inspection after a period of time, and the piston ring should be replaced if it is worn out. There are generally three to five slots on the piston, and each slot is equipped with a ring. Although it still requires a lot of manpower to process, Cheng Pan finally has a high-quality steam engine that can be installed on the hull. Of course, if you want to install the steam engine on the ship, it will take a series of efforts, just rely on the shipbuilding technology in Cheng Pan's territory. Let's build the clipper ship honestly first. As for the current steam engine technology, the steam tractor is finally not a face project, and the monthly output of ten steam tractors has saved a large number of rural people. A large number of immigrants began to be trained to work in factories. At the same time, qualified steam engines began to be used in large quantities, and since the winter of 1343 AD, Cheng Pan's forces began to advance to the steam age.

is not only a breakthrough in steel, but also a chemistry graduate Shen Cheng gave Cheng Pan a strong blow. Shen Cheng is in charge of nitric acid in the chemistry group. However, it has been scarce as a raw material. Shencheng came to the nitrate accumulation plant with a huge smell. After a few years of exhibition, the culture of nitrifying bacteria has been almost done. Saltpeter comes from the breakdown of proteins in animals. Protein is scarce in the territory, and it is impossible for Cheng Pan to use meat as a raw material. One day, there is a dung heap in Shencheng that produces a lot of saltpeter. He began to investigate that the current dung heap came from fishermen along the river. The fishermen eviscerate the fish and throw them into the manure pit. As a result, Shencheng has good raw materials for nitrate, and fishermen do not want aquatic animal scraps. Through guò real yàn, Shen Cheng finally succeeded in the nitrate accumulation method, that is, a large number of fish internal organs were ground into a pulp with a steam engine and feces and grass ash were evenly sprinkled in a field. Cheng Pan participated in the whole process and began to set up the site with the fuzzy images of the Dongning period of the original time and space, as well as a trace of research experience on the habits of nitrifying bacteria by nitrate workers. After several failures, one of which was that the nitrate accumulated to a very small amount of Cheng dù stopped, no matter what measures were taken, the nitrifying bacteria seemed to disappear, and later the pH test paper tested in the litmus lichen showed that the acidity of the nitrate field was too high. So spraying a small amount of lye to neutralize the problem to solve the problem. Now that the technology is basically mature, one acre of land can produce at least 7oo kilograms of nitrate per month in the hottest months. The side effect is that now the group of fishermen in the Yangtze River have begun to catch up all the big fish, small fish and small shrimp together. Anyway, if you can't eat it, you can marinate it, and the rest of the shrimp that can't eat rotten fish and shrimp will be sold to the nitrate accumulation factory.

With nitrate, the chemical group went crazy, large lead reactors were put into use, and large quantities of pyrite mined from a small mine cave in Ma'anshan were calcined to produce concentrated sulfuric acid from the oxide of sulfur. In the concentrated sulfuric acid and nitrate, the gas is heated in warm water outside in a lead reaction dish, and the gas is generated through the condenser tube to produce nitric acid. With nitric acid, batches of picric acid are produced. Transform into the combat effectiveness of Cheng Pan's army, and the productivity of ore.

The 10,000 junior high school students in the territory began to emerge after joining all walks of life in the territory. They used practical actions to tell Cheng Pan what the knowledge he learned in high school was really useful. This group of high-level talents in this era will gradually interpret the power of industry.

At this time, Cheng Pan's fame had already been reached, and at the beginning of 1344, after the initial appearance of the primary industrial system of the iron and steel chemical industry in the territory. Cheng Pan's strategy of going to sea began to act, and under the transportation of ten 500-ton sand boats, Cheng Pan took the first batch of 5oo people to the communist army with a large amount of supplies to Rugao County by the sea to open a sub-base.