October 1934, Yeping Township, Ruijin County, southern Jiangxi.

In the golden autumn of October, the calendula blooms in the corner of the wall, and the morning dew is still stained on the delicate orange petals, shining with a crystal-like luster.

Under the bright autumn light, the red capital of the "Chinese Soviet State" surrounded by mountains is still so imposing - the wide Red Army Square, the towering Red Army Martyrs Memorial Tower, the architectural Red Army Square review stand, as well as the Martyrs' Pavilion, Bosheng Fort, and Gongluo Pavilion (commemorating the early Red Army martyr Huang Gongluo...... Each has its own architectural characteristics, and there are many exquisite lattice carving patterns in it, which not only properly reflects the political meaning of the building, but also fully reflects the exquisite and beautiful Hakka architectural style, which makes people want to sigh and praise when they see it.

And the most awe-inspiring thing for visitors is the Red Army Martyrs Memorial Tower. The main part of the memorial tower is shaped like a cannonball and is about 13 meters high. The front of the tower body faces southwest, from top to bottom there are seven square bluestone slabs, and the bluestone slabs are engraved with seven big characters of "Red Army Martyrs Memorial Tower". The tower is made of masonry, and the exterior is painted with cement mortar, and countless small stones are embedded in the surface of the mortar. The tower base is a five-pointed star, all are built by the red stripe stone, between the five corners, there are the steps of the pedestal, there are 5 stairs, all are 9 steps, the face width is about 1 meter, it is made of red stripe stone, from the ground 5 directions, can go straight to the tower pedestal table. The staircase is also decorated with stone pillars about 0.7 meters high, and 10 tablets are erected around the tower......

These politically significant buildings give Yeping Village, which was originally hidden in the reckless jungle, a vague momentum as the capital of a country.

-- Although the time when the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army really took control of the land. It didn't last long. However, in just a few short years, the young Chinese Communists have already used their vigorous vigor. brought waves of new era impact to this poor countryside that stayed in the Middle Ages:

The first military industry, the first modern bank, the first mint, the first printing house, the first post office, the first land reform. The earliest red currency, the earliest batch of production cooperatives, consumer cooperatives, grain cooperatives, credit cooperatives......

However, a series of mistakes in the decision-making of the Party Central Committee. Under the frantic strangulation of the Kuomintang reactionaries, all this was finally brought to an end.

In the previous year-long anti-encirclement and suppression battles, the Central Red Army suffered heavy losses one after another. The territory is getting smaller and smaller. Until late September. In the control area of the Central Red Army, only a few counties such as Ruijin, Huichang, and Changting remained. And the Kuomintang army was about to launch a general attack on Zuihou.

At this point, the leaders of the Party Central Committee collectively decided to abandon the central Soviet region and implement a strategic shift in view of the fact that the anti-encirclement and suppression battle was basically desperate.

-- In early October 1934, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the General Headquarters of the Red Army quietly set out from Ruijin and led more than 86,000 troops of the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 8th, and 9th Army Corps of the Red Army, together with rear organs, to leave the central Soviet region of Jiangxi and march toward western Hunan. Began a tragic and uncertain long journey.

A group of Red Army soldiers in gray uniforms and octagonal hats. Zuihou nostalgically glanced at the scenery of Ruijin, the "red capital", and then turned around and embarked on a long journey. Men, women, and children from various villages in the Soviet area came to the villages, riversides, hills, and avenues one after another, silently bidding farewell to the Red Army with tears in their eyes, and wishing them an early victorious return...... According to the optimism of the Party Central Committee at that time, this time the main Red Army was only a temporary strategic shift, and after drawing away Chiang Kai-shek's main forces, they would soon fight back, rather than never return.

However, what they never expected was that it would take another fifteen long years before the red flag was planted in Ruijin City for the next time......

-- Of course, this is just the original historical trajectory of this plane...... And now there is a group of fierce traversers who are about to make waves.

At the same time, another Kuomintang heavy army group was also launching an encirclement and suppression campaign against the Red Tenth Army in the Jingdezhen area of Jiangxi Province and the Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangxi and Soviet regions. In order to eliminate this red army, which was closer to Nanjing and Shanghai, the Kuomintang mobilized a large number of troops, and also adopted the strategy of "fighting steadily and steadily, advancing from pillboxes", with Hengfeng and Geyuan as the center of the encirclement, and besieging the Red Tenth Army led by Comrade Fang Zhimin from all directions.

In order to support Comrade Fang Zhimin, who was alone, in July 1934, the Party Central Committee sent the Red Seventh Army from the Central Soviet Region to the north. And in October, they joined forces with the Red Tenth Army in Chongxi Township, Dexing County, and together formed the Red Tenth Army, led by Fang Zhimin, who insisted on fighting.

But the problem is that compared with the ironclad encirclement of hundreds of thousands of Kuomintang troops, the little reinforcements sent by the Central Soviet Region are really a drop in the bucket.

Soon after, as the war situation deteriorated further, Fang Zhimin also had to lead the Red Tenth Army to implement a strategic shift, leaving the base area and continuing north to southern Anhui, in an attempt to harass Chiang Kai-shek's hinterland of Jiangsu and Zhejiang. Only one Red 30th Division and the guerrillas from various counties were left behind, and they persisted in the struggle in the base areas.

At this point, the fifth anti-encirclement and suppression campaign of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army basically failed, and various red base areas in southern China were lost one after another, dealing an almost devastating blow to the young Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army and the new-democratic revolutionary cause that had just started.

Chairman Chiang, who won the fifth victory in encirclement and suppression, embarked on the most glorious peak of his life's cause of "suppressing bandits."

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Jiangxi, Nanchang East Lake, Baihuazhou, Chiang Kai-shek's Nanchang camp

The gentle autumn breeze blows across the surface of the East Lake, stirring up sparkling waves. In the midst of the lake, there are no literati students reading hard in front of the Jiangxi Provincial Public Library, but there are murderous generals in military uniform, as well as military and police special constitutions on patrol.

-- In fact, only two months after the completion of this magnificent provincial public library, which covers an area of 3,300 square meters, it was occupied by Chiang Kai-shek, who had just finished the Central Plains war with Yan Xishan, Feng Yuxiang, Li Zongren, and other warlords, and personally went to Nanchang to plan and direct the "encirclement and suppression" of the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army.

Since then, the provincial public library has become the "Nanchang Camp of the Commander-in-Chief of the Navy, Army and Air Force". The librarians had to transport the books in the library to other places and make room for Chiang Kai-shek's use. Afterwards. Chiang Kai-shek also set up the province's first radio station -- Nanchang Xingying Radio Station -- on the roof of the building.

At this moment, in the Nanchang Xingying radio station, a soft female voice is reciting a series of good news: "...... Ladies and gentlemen...... According to the Central News Agency. After our army regained Guangchang a few days ago, today I am a valiant soldier...... The soldiers pointed directly at Ruijin...... Defeated the Red Bandit Peng Dehuai's Department and Killed the Red Bandit ......" and in the conference room of the Nanchang camp, there was a star-studded scene -- dozens of "important generals of the party and state" had just rushed to the meeting from the front line of the "suppression of bandits." Because they finally had a few victories as confidence, they all looked proud of their eyebrows fluttering and full of interest.

Even Commander-in-Chief Chiang Kai-shek, who presided over this military meeting, had a rare smile on his face.

-- Over the past year. He personally sat in the camp in Nanchang and commanded the matter of "exterminating the red bandits" in the south, but suffered four heavy defeats in a row. And after being overwhelmed by domestic public opinion, he finally relied on the fortress tactics of "hardening the village and fighting a dumb battle" to survive the enemy's most ferocious counterattack. Entered the core hinterland of the Red Bandits...... Victory is just around the corner. It's almost within reach.

The meeting went very smoothly because of the successive victories at the front, and after some praise and determination among themselves, the meeting ended in the evening, and the generals of each division returned to the front to prepare for a general attack. However, Chairman Chiang, who has been in charge of every opportunity, has not been able to relax for the time being -- when the most pressing military issue is over. He also had to think about a myriad of political issues.

The red bandit who is about to reach the end of his rope in front of him is his most hated opponent. But Chairman Chiang never forgot it. The old enemy who really ousted him from power twice was the Jiangsu-Zhejiang chaebol and Wang Jingwei and Li Zongren's vote of "party-state colleagues"! (He'd been forced into the wild twice before.) ）

Therefore, even in the current political division of the so-called "Jiang Zhujun and Wang Zheng", he must devote more energy to focus on politics, and while he is in the camp in Nanchang, his eyes are fixed on the Nanjing Nationalist Government, and he is always worried about whether Wang Jingwei, President of the Executive Yuan, will give him any more moths!

Speaking of which, Chiang Kai-shek's position as the supreme leader never seemed to be truly secured. His patchwork Nanjing Nationalist Government has never been monolithic. And his enemies were from top to bottom, from left to right, covering almost all social strata in China at that time.

-- As everyone knows, the Chiang family started at the Whampoa Military Academy, but strictly speaking, Jiang Zhongzheng ten years ago fled to Guangzhou in despair after he was in debt for playing finance in Shanghai. With no soldiers and no wealth, how majestic can you be as a mere principal? If you just rely on being the principal, you can make the military cadets obey their orders, and why don't you see the principals of the Baoding Military Academy and Yunnan Martial Arts Hall in the past, "heard the princes"!

Thanks to his somewhat seniority and connections in the Kuomintang, and relying on the "Zhongshan Ship Incident" and the "Party Affairs Sorting Case," he gradually took control of the First Army. However, compared with Wang Jingwei, Hu Hanmin, Li Zongren and other party-state bigwigs, and even Chen Duxiu, the "leader of the red bandits", Jiang Someone's Liliang is still very thin, and even the first army in his hands is not 100% reliable.

Chiang Kai-shek's first leap in personal fortunes began with the counter-revolutionary coup d'état of April 12, when Shanghai's international financiers, Jiangsu-Zhejiang chaebols, and comprador class chose Chiang Kai-shek as their thug in order to suppress the growing revolutionary frenzy. Chiang Kai-shek, on the other hand, did not hesitate to use the heads of a large number of Communists to pay a bloody "letter of surrender" to these reactionary Shili cliques and establish his own Nationalist Government in Nanjing.

But the problem is that Chiang Kai-shek is really a wolf cub, and his nature is to "be rampant when he gets his will", and he turns his face faster than turning a book. While the chaebols in Jiangsu and Zhejiang were still intoxicated with the joy of exterminating the red elements, they found themselves being severely bitten by a certain white-eyed wolf who was not well nourished -- Beginning in May 1927, Comrade Chiang Kai-shek, who had become more and more emboldened and had an appetite for money, simply resorted to rogue means, learned from the "advanced experience" of Li Zicheng, the king of the storm, wantonly fabricated charges, and sent troops everywhere to kidnap and arrest bankers and capitalists, and "torture and pursue them." For a while, everyone on the beach was in danger. At that time, an Australian observer in China, Chapman, reported in the newspaper: "...... Rich Chinese may be arrested in their homes. Or mysteriously disappear on the road...... The Monopoly was arrested as a 'Communist'! …… Shanghai has never experienced such a reign of terror under any regime in modern times......"

Obviously, Chiang Kai-shek and his subordinates were really addicted to the trick of "being Communists". So much so that just a month after the "April 12" counter-revolutionary coup, the blood of the workers' pickets was not dry, and so many "red capitalists" were created in Shanghai!

In this regard, the tycoons in Shanghai were really angry, and the consequences were really serious - the tycoons unanimously agreed that Chiang Kai-shek, the little deflated man, really did not put himself in the right position, and we will give you money. I want you to work for us. Now that you are fledgling, you dare to bite us bosses in turn, if it really becomes the climate in the future. So where else do we have to survive?! So I have to teach you the most profound lesson!

Thus, only four months after launching the "April 12" counter-revolutionary coup, Chiang Kai-shek found that it seemed as if it was his turn to be purged -- with the collusion and funding of the Shanghai tycoons, Wang Jingwei, Li Zongren, Bai Chongxi, Feng Yuxiang and many other powerful factions in the party joined forces to attack him. It is claimed that the two factions of the Kuomintang in Nanjing and Wuhan, which are currently split, want to be reunified. The first premise is that Chiang Kai-shek is in the wilderness! Even his most trusted subordinate, He Yingqin, chose to turn against him, and the so-called loyalty of those Whampoa students was even more vulnerable under the silver bullet offensive of the Shanghai Tan tycoon.

In order to avoid his own death in a mutiny, Chiang Kai-shek had to return to his hometown of Fenghua, Zhejiang. After that, he even made a lot of low and small, and even resolutely abandoned his wife Chen Jieru against infamy and married Song Meiling, the young lady of the Song chaebol, which once again won the support of the Jiangsu and Zhejiang chaebols. Successfully made a comeback and once again took control of the Nationalist Government in Nanjing. Afterwards. He also defeated Zhang Zuolin by launching the "Second Northern Expedition" and completely buried the Beiyang government -- in a short period of five or six years, Chiang Kai-shek achieved a magnificent transformation from a small deflated man in Shanghai to the supreme leader of all China.

Since ancient times, it seems that China has never had such a fast speed! Could it be that the Jiang family is really the son of destiny?

However, the root cause that eventually led to the collapse of the Chiang dynasty has also been planted since then - the so-called "greed can't chew too much"!

Therefore, even if Chiang Kai-shek ascended to the throne of "the first person in China", he still felt that things were not going well at every turn-the party elders were still unconvinced by his petty character and were constantly plotting various anti-Chiang movements; Even if they used the method of "solving the northwest with military affairs, the southwest with politics, and the northeast with diplomacy" to win the Central Plains War, they were still far from being able to dominate the world. Moreover, the Communists, who were once killed by him with a butcher's knife and bled like a river, also took up arms, which brought the nightmare of his life to a halt......

What is even worse is that Japan annexed Rehe the River the year before, and its intention to launch a full-scale war of aggression against China has been clearly exposed. The nationwide anti-Japanese call made Chiang Kai-shek, who insisted that "if you fight outside, you must first settle inside," you will be quite passive. The "Tanggu Agreement" was exchanged for a temporary truce between China and Japan at the cost of recognizing the Japanese occupation of the three eastern provinces and Rehe, but it made Chiang Kai-shek firmly establish the name of a "national thief" and was drowned out in a chorus of scolding from all over the country.

To put it bluntly, the reason why Chiang Kai-shek fell into such an embarrassing situation was, in the final analysis, because he was dazzled by the gold-lettered signboard of "the first person in China" and did not learn the lesson of the former President Feng Guozhang's "entering Beijing to sit in a fire pit", still less did he realize that when his own foundation was not consolidated, he rashly sought the righteous name of the central government, and in fact would only push himself into the fire pit -- if his identity at this time was not the leader of the whole country, but the "joint commander of the five southeastern provinces" like Sun Chuanfang, the operating space would be much more flexible. Where do you need to bear the responsibility for compromising and surrendering to Japan?

Then, between internal worries and external troubles, Chiang Kai-shek always insisted that "before fighting the outside world, we must first settle the interior" -- in his mind, no matter how strong the Japanese army was, the British and American powers would not allow Japan to dominate China, and at most it would be a matter of losing a few provinces, and he had long been mentally prepared for this: "...... If Japan can guarantee the integrity of the 18 provinces in mainland China, the Nationalist Government may agree to negotiate with Japan, or it may offer to cede Northeast China without compromising the dignity of our country...... After all, Japan cannot be our enemy, and we in China must join hands with Japan. "So, the external disease is nothing more than scabies.

But the nature of the "red bandits" is different, it is a war between a very small number of rich people against the vast majority of poor people. When the poor are unorganized, it is not a big problem, but when the CCP, which has super organizational ability, awakens and organizes the vast majority of the poor, it is simply a nightmare that cannot be awakened! Therefore, the internal worries of the "red bandits" are the biggest danger for their henchmen. He would rather surrender to the Japanese than compromise with the Red Bandits!

Unfortunately, to Chiang Kai-shek's annoyance, it seemed that most of the party-state leaders could not understand his painstaking efforts to "secure the interior before attacking the outside world" and criticized him for his strategy of compromise with Japan. Even his brother-in-law Song Ziwen jumped out and openly advocated the priority of anti-Japanese resistance, and even believed that the "red bandits" problem could only be solved politically, thus winning the applause of public opinion, but he fell into a situation of bending his knees and betraying the country, which made him hold back the fire in his belly.

Fortunately, the victory of the fifth encirclement and suppression is just around the corner, and as long as the red bandits are eliminated, those "villains" in the rear will naturally not have to worry.

In addition, what also makes Jiang feel very disturbed now is the progressive literati in Shanghai. (To be continued......)