Athena, a god in ancient Greek mythology. One of the twelve main gods of Greek Olympus, and one of the three goddesses of Olympus, the Roman names are Minerva and Minerva. A goddess of ancient mythology, ruler of clouds and thunder, goddess of fertility, patron of peaceful labor, goddess of war. She taught people to domesticate cattle and horses, build chariots and boats, and gave people ploughs and harrows, spindles and looms, and was therefore considered the protector of women's labor, especially weaving techniques. She had an alias called Ergane, which means female worker. She is the goddess of wisdom and the protector of science, and the maker of law, creating courts and maintaining social order, so there is a saying that the city protector is a woman.

Athena is a well-known goddess of bright eyes, characterized by a pair of bright and large gray eyes, a broad forehead, a healthy bronzed complexion, and a large and dense hair, sometimes draped behind her back, sometimes tied in a bun and tied with a gold band, in a shade between gold and brown. Athena wears a helmet and armor, holds a spear or goddess of victory in her right hand, a sheepskin shield with medusa studded with gorgons in her left hand, and an owl that only stops on her shoulder. She is undoubtedly a beautiful goddess, more masculine than other goddesses.

Athena also has many of the characteristics of a celestial god. For example, when she was born, a golden rain fell from the sky (Pinda, Ode to Olympus, vol. 5). She was in charge of the lightning of Zeus (Aeschylus, The God of Vengeance), and legend has it that her idol descended from the sky, among other things. There are also myths that equate the two daughters of Athena and Kerdrops, Penderosus (Πάνδροσος, goddess of dew) and Ἄγλαυρος, goddess of the field.

Athena acquired military characteristics in the Bronze Age and fell victim to a rather ridiculous Olympian myth, in which she is depicted as the daughter of Zeus, jumping out of his head in full armor.

But as the goddess of war, her wisdom and strength surpass that of Ares, the god of war. In Hesiod's Theogony

describes her as follows: "Zeus gave birth to Tritogenia, the goddess of bright eyes, from his own head. She is a terrifying, howling general, an invincible queen who craves noise and war. ”

Ares and Athena are different manifestations of war, with Ares representing the cruelty of war, fleeing in terror and losing their lives, while Athena represents resistance to aggression, defensive warfare, and rationality in warfare – winning the war with resourcefulness and strength. For example, in the final stages of the Trojan War, she taught Odysseus to use the Trojan horse, which led to the victory of the Achaeans (Greeks).

Athena is the god of arts, crafts, and women's handicrafts, with dexterous hands.

Weaving: Legend has it that Athena invented weaving and helped Hera and Hercules weave robes. In the Iliad, Hera wears a robe woven by Athena, with a gold pin, and meets Zeus, which is torn by the djinn Bolferion in the library. The gods gave Hercules equipment and received robes from Athena.

Shipbuilding: The shipbuilder, Argos, was instructed to build the Argos ship and to place a statue of the goddess carved from Dodona's oak on the bow of the ship. But he was not the first man, and Danaeus of Libya built the first ship in the world under the instructions of Athena in order to escape from Egypt.

Flute: Athena's invention of a musical instrument was ridiculed by the gods because her cheeks bulged when playing, so she abandoned it and was picked up by Malceas, who thought that the instrument invented by the gods must be able to compete with the sun god who also played the instrument, so he challenged the sun god Apollo, because Apollo stipulated that the instrument must be played upside down, but only the front end of the flute could blow sound, so he lost.

Build a house: In Aesop's fables, Zeus created the bull, Athena invented the house, and Prometheus created the human race, but Mormos, the god of ridicule, criticized that if the house was built on the side of the evil neighbor, the house could not grow wheels and move out immediately.

After the end of the Battle of the Titans, Zeus became the ruler, and he first married Metis, who had previously avoided his pursuit through various changes, but Zeus eventually got Metis. However, when she was pregnant, Zeus swallowed her as soon as possible, because Gaia had prophesied that after she gave birth to the daughter she was carrying, she would give birth to a son and become the king of gods and men. Fearing this, Zeus swallowed her in his stomach. When it was time to give birth, Zeus suffered from a severe headache, and Prometheus or Hephaestus split Zeus's head with an axe, so Athena jumped out of her skull armed and landed on the banks of the river Triton (or Lake Tritonis). Metis remained in Zeus's womb and advised Zeus.

The legend that Athena became the patron saint of Athens is associated with the feud between the goddess and Poseidon. When Athens was first built by a Phoenician, Poseidon competed with Athena for the glory of the name. In the end, an agreement was reached that the man who could provide humanity with the most useful things would become the patron saint of the city. Poseidon conjured a war horse by striking the ground with his trident. Athena, on the other hand, conjured up an olive tree – a symbol of peace and prosperity. Because the war horse was believed to represent war and sorrow, Athens was named after the goddess. The goddess soon brought the city under her protection. On the Acropolis of Athens, one of the most famous buildings of ancient Greece remains, the Parthenon, where the goddess Athena is worshipped.