Chapter 85 Pasteurization
After buying the fish and returning to the Qin Tower, Ivan immediately began to prepare the new pickled fish sauce.
To be on the safe side, this time he didn't even use the sauce he had prepared before, and started all over again.
He started processing the fish first.
In the treatment of top-quality fish, it is necessary to bloodlet before killing the fish.
There are two benefits to killing a fish before bloodletting.
First, a considerable part of the fishy smell of fish is contained in the blood, and if the blood is bled first, the fishy smell can be removed to a large extent.
The second is that after the fish dies, there will be a stiffening process, which has a lot to do with the coagulation of the fish blood in the body, so if you bleed first, you can reduce the degree of stiffness and make the fish fresher.
Therefore, when Jiang Menglin makes top yusheng, he will first cut two knives on the tail, and then let it flow slowly in the ice water, so that the fish blood can be put relatively clean.
In fact, there is another faster way to kill fish, which is to cut down at the lower edge of the gill cover, that is, in the direction of the fish's abdomen.
This is because the capillaries of the fish are mainly concentrated in the gills and tail, and the major arteries of the fish run through the lower part of the gills and tail, so they can be easily cut.
For Ivan, in order to ensure the quality of the pickled fish sauce, it is necessary to kill the fish after school.
Therefore, the first thing he did was to kill the fish and bleed.
Because he didn't have ice water ready, Ivan used the method of quick bloodletting, he directly slashed the fish in the lower part of the gill, and then threw it into a large pool of clear water.
The next thing is simple, killing fish and cutting fish has become Ivan's forte.
It's just that unlike in the back kitchen of Qin Lou, this time he left all the fish heads and fish internal organs, and even the fish intestines were cleaned and kept.
It's time to boil the sauce.
But when it came to this point, Ivan hesitated for a few seconds.
He was going to use the low-salt, high-temperature salting method, but how much higher was the temperature?
He came up with the famous pasteurization method.
French microbiologist and chemist Louis Pasteur found that if food is heated to between 60 and 82 degrees Celsius within a specified time, as long as it lasts for more than 30 minutes, it can kill pathogenic bacteria and most of the non-pathogenic bacteria in the food, without damaging the quality of the food itself.
This sterilization method was widely used in the sterilization of milk in later generations.
Later studies have found that if milk is heated to 62-65 degrees Celsius and kept for 30 minutes, it can kill 97.3%-99.9% of the growing pathogenic bacteria in milk, and only some thermophilic bacteria, heat-resistant bacteria and spores remain, these bacteria are famous lactic acid bacteria, lactic acid bacteria are not only harmless to people but also beneficial to health.
In that case, let's follow this principle.
Ivan put the pot on the liquefied gas stove, adjusted the ingredients, threw the three fish into the pot, and began to slowly heat it up over low heat.
In order to ensure the temperature, he took out another thermometer.
Fortunately, in order to perfect the secret recipe of squirrel fish, he had already prepared.
More than half an hour later, Ivan turned off the fire.
"That's fine, will it work this time? Why do you want to do it?"
Dong Xiaowan had been watching it for a long time on the side, because she was afraid of disturbing Ivan, she didn't ask a question, and now she finally couldn't help but ask.
Ivan dipped a little of the marinade that had been boiling for more than half an hour, put it in his mouth and tasted it.
The effect is quite satisfactory, and it is not even much worse than the old marinade made by Chef Zheng.
You know, it's only been marinated for more than half an hour.
"Ding, the host has successfully upgraded the secret recipe of squirrel fish marinade sauce to the third class of the top grade, and 1000 points will be rewarded. ”
The surprise came so suddenly.
Ivan: "......"
So it's top-notch?
I haven't really started to improve the marinade yet, right?
But he quickly figured out why.
In Chef Zheng's marinade method, he uses the boiling sterilization method, although this method can also effectively kill pathogenic and decaying bacteria, but under too high temperatures, a considerable number of lactic acid bacteria and probiotics are also killed.
In the pickling on the second day, he used the low-salt and low-temperature salting method, at which time the disease-causing and decaying bacteria originally carried by the fresh fish began to be active again, and the lactic acid bacteria and probiotics were not enough, so the curing effect could not be excellent.
It now appears that this curing method, using the principle of pasteurization, should be the most ideal under the existing conditions.
According to this principle, it is not only necessary to use this method when making the original marinade sauce, but also to have a process of heating the marinade together with the fish to more than 60 degrees Celsius when marinating fresh fish, so that the fish can maintain the best freshness and marinated taste.
Alas, science is power!
Ivan figured it out, but he had to face Dong Xiaowan's inquiry next.
But is pasteurization so easy to explain?
Louis Pasteur will not be born until more than 100 years later!
Forget it, just keep this achievement for yourself, anyway, there are too many things that can't be explained clearly in Dong Xiaowan.
And the squirrel fish method, he must also teach Dong Xiaowan, after all, after he completes the task, Dong Xiaowan must have the ability to survive in the dungeon.
Ivan raised the thermometer in his hand.
"It's called a thermometer, something that came out of the West, and it can measure the temperature accurately. ”
"What is temperature?"
Well, if you want to explain a certain concept to Dong Xiaowan in this era, you have to explain a lot of things.
"Temperature is hot and cold. ”
"Oh, the heat and cold meter. ”
Dong Xiaowan took the glass thermometer in Ivan's hand and looked at it seriously.
"According to Western regulations, the temperature at which water freezes is 0 degrees Celsius, and the temperature at which water boils and boils is 100 degrees Celsius. ”
Ivan pointed to the scale on the thermometer and explained the temperature convention.
Fortunately, with the influx of a large number of missionaries, Arabic numerals have begun to spread in a small area in China, otherwise, it would have taken half a day just to explain Arabic numerals to Dong Xiaowan.
"The red liquid in this thermometer can change with the change of temperature, and the temperature can be accurately measured according to the scale on it. ”
Ivan pointed to the liquid column inside the thermometer again.
"It's amazing, why is this happening?"
Ivan: "......"
Hey, it's crooked!
Do you have to let me explain to you the principle of thermal expansion and cold contraction?
Forget it, explain it.
It took Ivan another moment.
"Derpy, you're so good, you know so much. ”
Dong Xiaowan's face was adoring.
Ivan has to admit that this feeling of being adored by a little beauty is really good.
Next, he took a little time to explain the principle of pasteurization to Dong Xiaowan, and then once again received a look of admiration from Miss Dong.
"Okay, let Xiaocui go and call Mama Wu over. ”
Now that the marinade has been prepared, it's time to collect the cashier.
As long as the sauce is successful, the follow-up method will not be difficult for Ivan at all.
It's time for the silver!