Update time:2014-01-0518:06:13376.Chapter 376 Chuan Guo Jade Seal continued

"The jade seal of the country", also known as the "national seal" and "the national treasure", is the seal of the emperors after the Qin Dynasty, and is engraved by the order of Qin Shi Huang. Its square circle is four inches, on the New York hand over five dragons, the front is engraved with the eight seal characters of Li Si's book "Ordered by the sky, both longevity and Yongchang", as a token of "imperial power, orthodoxy and legitimacy". Subsequently, the emperors of all dynasties took this seal as a symbol, and they were regarded as rare and precious as a heavy weapon of the country. If you get it, it symbolizes that it is "ordered by the sky", and if you lose it, it shows that its "qi has been exhausted". Those who ascend to the throne without this seal are ridiculed as "white emperors", which appear to be lacking in confidence and are despised by the world. As a result, the people who want to seek great treasures will fight for me, causing the jade seal of the country to change its owner repeatedly, and it has been in Chixian County, Shenzhou for more than 2,000 years, flickering and flickering, and then finally disappeared, and there is no trace of it so far, which makes people sigh.

Xu Yang has really checked a lot of information in the past few days, and three days later, Jinghua University ushered in the final exam, of course, the questions on the exam paper are just "drizzle" in Xu Yang's eyes. Compared with the heirloom jade seal, Xu Yang does know a lot of legends.

The "heirloom jade seal" is based on the "harmony of the family". There have also been many cases in history of fake national jade seals. Of course, some of these are wild histories, and some are doubtful by people in history! After all, no one dared to doubt the royal power in that era and that feudal dynasty.

The seal of the country said, "Ordered by the heavens, longevity and Yongchang". The text of the "Book of Han" says "Haotian's Mandate Emperor Shouchang". The two are different and generally refer to the first statement. At that time, some people suspected that the seal of the country obtained by Zhezong of the Northern Song Dynasty was forged by Zhang Dian and Cai Jing. In the Ming and Qing dynasties, fake seals also appeared from time to time. At the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, there were 39 imperial seals of various colors in the palace, one of which was considered to be the seal of the Qin system, in 1746 AD, it was confirmed that it was a fake engraved by Emperor Qianlong. In November 1924, when the last emperor Boyi was expelled from the palace, Zhang Bi, Lu Zhonglin and others were still pursuing the jade seal of the country.

Liao History" is recorded as "the treasure of the Great Wei by the Han Dynasty", I thought it should be "the seal of the Great Wei by the Han Dynasty", and Tang Wu changed the "seal" to "treasure" from time to time, which should be changed in that era. "History of Liao" notes: "Passing on the national treasure, made by Qin Shi Huang, with blue jade, claw button, six sides, its text "ordered by the sky, both longevity and Yongchang", fish and bird seals, children and babies above the Han ancestors. Wang Mang usurped the Han, Queen Ping cast the seal of the palace steps, and the horns were slightly defiled. Emperor Xian lost, Sun Jian was in the well, passed to Sun Quan, and returned to Wei. Emperor Wen of Wei carved his shoulders and said, "The Great Wei is the treasure of the Han Dynasty". Tang changed its name to "Ordered Treasure". Jin died and returned to Liao. Since the Three Kingdoms, the puppet states have often simulated private systems, and the treasury of the past dynasties has been inconsistent, and it is impossible to distinguish the authenticity from the false. Ten years after the Holy Sect opened Thailand, he galloped to take the jade seal on the stone and Jin in Zhongjing. In the seventh year of Xingzong Chongxi, he tried to enter the scholar with "Those who have passed on the national treasure as the orthodox endowment". In the second year of Tianzuo Bao, he inherited the national seal in the Sanggan River. "History of the Song Dynasty" notes: "Treasure." In the Qin system, the Son of Heaven has six seals, and there are national seals, and the past dynasties have passed on them. Tang changed to treasure, and its system has eight. Five generations are chaotic, or many are lost. ”。

"Wei Benji" once recorded in a destroyed clay statue to get the jade seal two, the text of which said: "Ordered by the sky, both longevity and eternal prosperity". At one moment, it was said that "Wei received the seal of the Han Dynasty"

I have to say that Xu Yang worked very hard to pass on the jade seal of the country. In fact, Xu Yang is also preparing something. He had a hunch that he would definitely come into contact with this thing. So it's definitely good to know more now.

After checking a large number of books, Xu Yang has the following summary:

Regardless of whether the jade seal of the country was made of He's bi, after Qin Shi Huang unified China, he did have a jade seal carved by jade workers, called the "Seal of the Son of Heaven". According to the historical records, this seal is carved with white jade in Lantian in Shaanxi, the tiger button, a dragon fish and phoenix bird button jade seal engraved on the inscription is the prime minister Li Si to write the big seal "by the sky, both longevity and eternal chang" eight characters.

Since its inception, the Legend of the Seal has had a legendary experience. Legend has it that in 219 B.C., when Qin Shi Huang was touring south to Dongting Lake, the wind and waves rose suddenly, and the boat he was riding was about to be destroyed. The first emperor threw the jade seal of the country in the lake, worshiped the gods and towns, and crossed the lake safely. Eight years later, when he traveled to Huayin Pingshu Road, someone stood in the middle of the road with a jade seal and said to the first emperor's attendants: "Please return this seal to Zulong (Qin Shi Huang's name)." "I can't see anything. The jade seal of the country was restored to Qin.

At the end of the Qin war, Liu Bang led his troops into Xianyang first. The gentleman of the fallen country of Qin dedicated the "Seal of the Son of Heaven" to Liu Bang. Liu Bangjian ascended the throne and wore this jade seal, known as the "Han Seal". Since then, the jade seal has been treasured in Changle Palace and has become a symbol of imperial power. At the end of the Western Han Dynasty, Wang Mang usurped power, Emperor Liu Ying was only two years old, and the jade seal was controlled by the Empress Dowager Xiaoyuan. Wang Mang ordered Wang Shun, Marquis of Anyang, to force the Queen Mother to hand over the jade seal, but the Queen Mother angrily reprimanded. When the queen mother threw the jade seal to the ground in anger, the jade seal was thrown off a corner, and then made up for it with gold, leaving a flaw from then on.

After Wang Mang's defeat, the jade seal changed hands several times, and finally fell into the hands of Liu Xiu, Emperor Guangwu of the Han Dynasty, and passed on to the emperors of the Eastern Han Dynasty. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the ten permanent servants were in turmoil, and the young emperor fled in a hurry, and it was too late to take the jade seal, and after returning to the palace, he found that the jade seal was missing. "The princes of the Eighteenth Road begged Dong Zhuo", Sun Jian's subordinates salvaged the body of a palace maid in the well of Zhen Palace in the south of Luoyang City, and found the "jade seal of the country" from the bag under her neck, Sun Jian regarded it as an auspicious omen, so he dreamed of being the emperor. Unexpectedly, someone in Sun Jian's army informed Yuan Shao of this matter, and when Yuan Shao heard about it, he immediately detained Sun Jian's wife and forced Sun Jian to hand over the jade seal. Later, the Yuan Shao brothers were defeated and died, and the "jade seal of the country" returned to Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty.

When the Three Kingdoms were established, the jade seal belonged to Wei, the Three Kingdoms were unified, and the jade seal returned to Jin. In the last years of the Western Jin Dynasty, the north fell into an era of frequent dynastic changes and turmoil. The "heirloom jade seal" was constantly fought over and taken away. In the fifth year of Emperor Yongjia of Jin Huai (311 AD), the jade seal returned to Zhao Liu Cong. In the fourth year of Xianhe in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (329 AD), Later Zhao Shi exterminated the former Zhao and obtained the jade seal; At this stage, there were also several "privately engraved" jade seals, including the self-engraved seal of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the carved seal of Murong Yong of Western Yan, and the jade seal of Yao Qin. When Emperor Wu of Liang in the Southern Dynasty, Hou Jing rebelled and robbed the jade seal of the country. Soon Hou Jing was defeated and died, and the jade seal was thrown into the well of Qixia Temple, and the monk fished out the seal and stored it, and then dedicated it to Emperor Chen Wu.

During the Sui and Tang dynasties, the "jade seal of the country" was still the treasure of the ruler. After the five generations of Zhu Wen usurped the Tang Dynasty, the jade seal suffered bad luck again, and the Tang Dynasty abolished emperor Li Congke was defeated by the Khitan, and the jade seal was ****, and the jade seal was missing.

After understanding this, Xu Yang checked how to distinguish the truth from the false. There is another reason why he has worked so hard, that is, those people in Liu Lao's mouth, he always feels that it is not so simple, and he also has a feeling of being targeted by those people. Xu Yang now recognizes the Xu family in his heart. also regarded himself as a member, for such a long time, Xu Yang caused a lot of trouble, and the Xu family also helped Xu Yang wipe his ass many times in the back. He still knows the truth that one is prosperous and one is lost!

Three days after the exam, that night, some people had already begun to prepare to go home for the New Year, and Xu Yang's dormitory was also a mess, no way, this time was also the most hilarious time for everyone. Xuyang's dormitory is also a wine bottle. Boss, the fourth will go home tomorrow, and the difference about going home this time is that the boss is finally put on the chain of love. It's hard to imagine such a as a woman named Susu!

The fourth child also brought his girlfriend home, in their words, children of the rivers and lakes, not confined to small sections. Damn! Xu Yang despised it, and the two of them estimated that if they didn't take precautions, now the children would have come out. As for the second child, of course, he is going home. Looking at Chen Guo's appearance of wanting to speak and stopping, Xu Yang knew what he wanted to say, but Xu Yang didn't want to listen.

Xu Yang didn't know how long he and the others had drunk, but in short, he finally got drunk. When I woke up, I found that it was already sunset. Looking at the messy house, and then at the boss and others who were still sleeping, Xu Yang quietly packed up and left. If you're late, you're going to have to clean up.

Shaking his head when he went out! It may be that he has been ill in the past few days, and as soon as he relaxes, all that flashes in his mind is the jade seal of the country. What's wrong with you! What are you thinking about all day long? What I just flashed was about distinguishing the authenticity of some heirloom jade seals.

Because the rulers of the past dynasties vigorously proclaimed that obtaining the national seal was "the return of the destiny of heaven" and "an auspicious omen", since the Song Dynasty, the true and false national seals have been repeatedly discovered. For example, in the third year of Song Shaosheng (1096 AD), Duan Yi, a Xianyang person, said that when repairing the house, he dug up the jade seal of "green as blue, warm and moist" and "five plates of back buttons", which was "verified" by 13 officials such as Cai Jing, a bachelor of Hanlin, and identified as the jade seal of "the real Qin system to pass on the national seal". However, according to the research of later generations, this was a trick played by Cai Jing and others to deceive the emperor. In the thirteenth year of Hongzhi of the Ming Dynasty (1500 AD), Mao Zhixue of Huxian County obtained the jade seal in the mud river, and presented Emperor Xiaozong by Xiong Yuzhong, the governor of Shaanxi. Legend has it that at the end of the Yuan Dynasty, Emperor Yuan Shun brought into the desert of the national seal, was visited by Emperor Taiji of the Later Jin Dynasty, and Huang Taiji changed the country name "Jin" to "Qing". However, in the early Qing Dynasty, the Forbidden City had 39 jade seals, among which they were called the heirlooms, but they were regarded as fakes by Emperor Qianlong, which shows that it is difficult to determine the authenticity of the national seals. It is said that the real heirloom seal was brought to Mobei by the Yuan generals when the Ming Dynasty destroyed the Yuan Dynasty. Whether the real heirloom seal is the same as what the clan did? And where did it go? So far, there are different opinions, and there is no consensus on it.

The attitude of the people of the Ming and Qing dynasties towards the "jade seal of the country" has been different from that of previous eras. According to the "History of the Ming Dynasty, the Records of the Emperor's Treasure", Fu Han, the secretary of the Ministry of Rites, commented on the seal sent by the local government: "Since Qin Shi Huang obtained Lantian jade as a seal, it was passed on after the Han Dynasty. Since it is a skillful struggle to take, it is enough to be ordered, but I don't know that I am ordered to be virtuous, not to be sealed. Therefore, if you can't ask for it, you will forge it to deceive people, and if you get it, the monarch and the ministers will be happy to boast it to the world. It's all laughing for a thousand years. The Qing Gaozong Imperial System "Treasure of the National Dynasty" also said: "Those who are not contained in the canon, there is a seal of 'ordered by the sky, both longevity and Yongchang', I don't know when it is attached to the palace, and it is placed in the middle of the reversal." According to its words, although it is similar to the ancient Qin seal, and the seal text is clumsy, it is not the old Ming of Li Si insects and birds...... In the third year of Qianlong, when Gao Bin supervised the river, he played the jade seal obtained by his subordinate Jun Bao Yinghe, Gu Ze is lovely, and it is quite consistent with Cai Zhongping's book contained in the "Record of Dropping Out of Farming". I say that this good thing is imitated and carved, and the other hall is stored as a good old vessel. Fu Qin Xi simmered embers, the ancients discussed it in detail. Even if it still exists, how can the things of government and Si be stored with the treasures of this dynasty?