In the previous chapter, when examining the life of monks in the Middle Ages, we found the "Theory of the Two Swords" and applied it.

At the same time, the life of a monk in the Middle Ages was really exciting, and after reading some articles, I found that it was different from what I thought, and there were various periods and different methods to learn the classics.

Sign language is also invented by monks, widely used, an Italian Benedict, formed the earliest monastic organization, and set group regulations, such as eating is not allowed to speak, but is allowed to play sign language, and later followed his priests, compiled sign language books, such as I want meat, I want sugar and other gestures, and popularized, popular everywhere .......

In terms of horse farming, and cattle farming, I want to say here that I found out that Europe uses horses to plough after reading online articles.

I was amazed, horses don't fight, use them to plough the land?

Awesome, my horse.

According to the information, both horse and ox farming have been recorded in the 11th century.

And horse farming wins, probably due to several factors.

1. The horsepower is large, the physique of the European horse is better than that of the East, and the speed of using horses to plough the land will be more than three times faster than that of the ox, and when it is large-scale, the speed is too slow, and the horses used to plough the land in Europe at that time seem to be heavy horses, I looked at the picture, and it looks like an elephant at the same level.

2. Improvement of harness, such as the introduction of yoke and other equipment, and the improvement of horseshoes

3. After the Black Death, there were fewer people and more land, and the peasants had more arable land to cultivate, which was suitable for horses to cultivate a larger area.

4. After the three-nursery system, the grain output is higher, and the food that can afford the horse is more used.

In addition, I saw an article saying that the physiocrat-Quenet discussed this issue at great length in his "Treatise on Tenant Farmers", and he clearly showed us that the benefits of horse farming were far greater than that of cattle farming by comparing the characteristics of cattle and horses, and comparing the input costs and outputs of cattle farming and horse farming.

It turns out that there are a lot of economic works on agriculture, but I don't want to check this article, and I don't know how to write it because I read it in a panic.

After checking the information, it was concluded that in the early Middle Ages, bulls pulled plows, horses, donkeys, and mules. But the proportion of horses is very small.

With the three-field system, harvests increased, and more food was used to feed livestock, at a time when horse farming technology was backward and horses' hooves were fragile.

In the 12th and 16th centuries, horse farming gradually replaced farming, because horses were more adapted to the needs of society, and farmers who held less than 10 acres preferred horses.

The forage that the horse eats is finer and the cost is more, but it is also more useful, the horse ploughs faster, the total grain production increases, and finally everyone uses the horse to plow.

There is one more post.

In addition to being the first region in the world to industrialize and modernize, the north of the Alps has also provided a good foundation for the innovation of agricultural technology.

ANS: Heavy plough replaces light plough - > Western Europe is wet after the weather, the soil is more clayey and heavy, so heavy plough can be used for deep ploughing.

In addition, it is not easy to turn around because of the heavy plough, so the fields are combined into long strips to facilitate cultivation, and this kind of open field system is called the open field system.

I don't understand this aspect at all.,I originally checked a lot of farming descriptions.,For example, the way of sowing seeds.,But I feel that it's posted in the main article section.,It's copied and pasted.,So it's a single mention.,There's a lot of content without a table.,And if you're interested.,Baidu yourself.。

In addition, I also see a saying that from the 7th to the 12th century, the temperature change in the Middle Ages was one of the reasons for the progress of agricultural technology (some land was able to carry more agricultural products).

Please remember that the first domain name of this book is .. 4手机版Reading URL:m.