"A Hundred Battles", as the name suggests, is a work by Liu Bowen that includes 100 battle examples he knows and quotes them.

This is also the key to why "Hundred Battles" has been admired quite a lot after this generation.

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Boat Battles:

Anyone who engages the enemy in rivers and lakes must have ships on hand and must have the upper hand and upstream. This is because, if you are upwind, you can use the momentum of the wind to burn the enemy ship with fire, and if you are upstream, you can take advantage of the current to attack the enemy ship with your warship. In this way, you can be invincible. As the Art of War says, "If you want to engage the enemy on the water, do not meet the enemy against the current." ”

During the Spring and Autumn Period, Gongzi Guang of Wu led an army to attack the State of Chu. The state of Chu ordered Yin Yang to divide the victory or defeat of the war, and the result showed an unlucky omen. But Sima Ziyu said: "We are located in the upper reaches, why do you say that it is unlucky?" So, he waved his army to attack the Wu army, and the result was a great defeat for the Wu army.

Gongzi Guang is the king of Wu, and in this battle, Gongzi Guang Lu was defeated and lost the ship of the first king. Because of the fear of being convicted, Gongziguang, who fought again with the whole division, attacked the Chu army and returned to the army after recapturing the king's ship.

Car Battles:

When the chariots and cavalry are synchronized and the cavalry is engaged in the plains and wilderness, it is necessary to form a phalanx with partial boxes and antler carts, and with this phalanx to fight against the enemy, you can achieve victory. The role of the phalanx formed by the partial box and the antler cart is usually called: one can maintain the fighting strength, the second can resist the enemy head-on, and the third can maintain the formation is not chaotic. As the Art of War says, "To fight in an open area, you need to use chariot troops." ”

During the Western Jin Dynasty, Yang Xin, the assassin of Liangzhou, was killed by the Qiang people because of his unharmonious relationship with the Qiang people, which caused the Hexi region to cut off contact with the Central Plains court. Emperor Sima Yan of the Jin Dynasty was often worried about the security of the western border, and every time he came to the court to discuss politics, he sighed and said: "Who can open the road to Liangzhou for me and pacify the Qiang enemy?" Only Sima Du Malone stepped forward and said: "If Your Majesty can appoint me, I can quell the rebellion in Liangzhou." Emperor Wu of Jin said, "If you can destroy this enemy, how can you not appoint you?" I just don't know what method will be taken?" Ma Long said: "If Your Majesty can appoint me, you should let your subordinates assert themselves." Emperor Wu asked, "Please tell me what method you will use?" Ma Long replied, "I ask Your Majesty for permission to recruit 3,000 warriors, but do not ask them what they have done in the past, I will lead them to the Hexi region with great fanfare." With His Majesty's lofty virtues, why can't this enemy be destroyed!" Emperor Wu of Jin agreed to Ma Long's request and appointed him as the Taishou of Wuwei. After Malone was ordered, he immediately recruited warriors, and the condition was that someone who could pull out a thirty-six strong crossbow with the strength of his waist and set up a target test on the spot.

From early morning to noon, a total of 3,500 such warriors were recruited. Malone said confidently: "Enough." So he led his warriors to the west, and after crossing the warm waters, he met the enemy. The leader of the Qiang tribe was able to wait for the 10,000-gold cavalry, or to block it with the danger, Ma Long to advance, or to set up an ambush to intercept the rear road of the Jin army. In response to this situation, Ma Long made a partial box car according to the ancient method of eight formations, and when he entered the open area, he set up a deer antler car battalion, and when he encountered a narrow road section, he made a wooden house and installed it on the car, and advanced while fighting. The Jin army fought thousands of miles away, killing and wounding thousands of enemies. After Ma Long led his troops to Wuwei, the leaders of the Qiang tribe, Su Bahan, and Wan Neng, led more than 10,000 people to surrender without a fight, and Ma Long killed and collected tens of thousands of Qiang soldiers before and after. Subsequently, Ma Long led the tribal leader of the Qiang tribe to surrender to the people, fought the tree function, and beheaded it, and the Liangzhou rebellion was completely quelled.

Trust Wars:

When fighting against the enemy, the soldiers set foot on the battlefield of ten thousand deaths, and they have no regret or fear, because the generals are usually sincere and undeceiving. The commander stresses faith and treats people with sincerity, so the soldiers will repay them with dedication and without hesitation. Therefore, if you start a war, you will be invincible. As the Art of War says: "A general should have the ideological character of honesty and not deception." ”

During the Three Kingdoms period, Emperor Cao Rui of Wei Ming conquered Shu, personally came to Chang'an from Luoyang, and sent Sima Yi, the king of Xuan, to supervise the left general Zhang He's department and 300,000 elite soldiers from Yong, Liang, etc., to advance in concealment and peep into the Shu Sword Pavilion. Zhuge Liang, the prime minister of Shu State, was stationed in Qishan at that time, and he used excellent weapons and equipment to guard the dangerous places, and the troops would have two-tenths of the people to change their guards and leave, and only 80,000 soldiers remained on the battlefield. Just as the Wei army began to deploy the formation, it coincided with the process of the Shu army's change of defense, Zhuge Liang's staff members all believed that the enemy army was strong, and it was impossible to defeat the other party without enough troops, so they suggested that the replaced troops should be temporarily kept for a month, so as to strengthen the prestige of the Shu army.

But Zhuge Liang said: "I have always taken faith and righteousness as the foundation when I led the army to fight, and the practice of 'getting the original and losing trust' was deplorable for the ancients. Now, the soldiers who had changed their guard had quickly packed up and waited for their return, while their wives were counting the time of her husband's return day by day. Therefore, although we are currently facing difficulties in the war, we must abide by the principle of faithfulness and cannot be abandoned. After saying that, he ordered to urge the soldiers who had changed their guards to leave for their hometowns as soon as possible. As a result, those who should have left were happy and willing to stay and take part in the battle, while those who should have stayed were high-spirited and determined to fight to the death. They encouraged each other and said: "Zhuge Cheng's kindness to us, even if we risk our lives, we can't repay it completely!"

On the day of the battle, the Shu army all drew their swords and rushed to be the first, charging into battle, killing the Wei general Zhang He and repelling the commander Sima Yi. The Shu army won a great victory in the first battle, which is exactly the result achieved by Zhuge Liang with faith and righteousness as the foundation of governing the army.

Strictly speaking, the quotation of this battle is very fallacious, Zhang He died in Mumendao, and it is regarded as fighting in the original Wei controlled area, not the defeat and death of the attack on Shu.

Teach Battles:

If we want to raise troops to fight a war, we must first train our troops to learn how to fight. Only when the officers and men of the whole army have undergone strict training in peacetime, have a comprehensive grasp of the tactical methods of evacuating, retracting, assembling, and dispersing, and are fully familiar with the operational orders of stopping, moving, advancing, and retreating, then when using such troops to fight against the enemy, they will be able to react freely when they see the different waves of the command flag, and they will advance and retreat appropriately when they hear the different sounds of the golden drums. In this way, you can be invincible. As the Art of War says, "To fight with an untrained population is to throw away their lives." ”

During the Warring States Period, Wu Qi, a general of the Wei State, said: "Soldiers often die in battle because they have no ability to fight, and they fail because they lack flexible tactics." Therefore, the law of employing soldiers is based on education and training. One person can teach ten people to fight, ten people can teach 100 people to fight, 100 people can teach 100 people to fight, 100 people can teach 1000 people to fight, 1000 people can teach 10,000 people to fight, and 10,000 people can teach the whole army to learn to fight.

In training in tactics, it is necessary to teach troops how to change from a circle formation to a phalanx, from a kneeling posture to a standing posture, from advancing to stopping, from left to right, from forward to backward, from scattered to convergent, and from assembling to distancing. After careful training in various tactics, formations, and tactical changes, troops can be distributed. This is the duty of the general. ”

Crowd Wars:

In a battle, if the strength of the troops is outnumbered by our enemy, we must not engage the enemy in a dangerous and narrow place, but must choose a flat and open area to fight the battlefield, so that the troops can advance when they hear the sound of drums and withdraw their troops when they hear the sound of gongs. In this way, there will be no one who will not win the battle against the enemy. As the Art of War says: "When commanding a large army to fight, you can advance when you can, and stop if you can't." ”

In the eighth year of Emperor Xiaowu of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the former Qin Emperor Fu Jian led a large army to Shouyang, and set up a position on the shore of the river, and confronted the Jin general Xie Xuan across the water. Xie Xuan sent someone to Fu Jian and said: "You led the army to travel a long way deep into our realm, but you lined up near the water, this is obviously because you don't want to fight with me quickly." Wouldn't it be a pleasure for me and the princes to ride slowly on horseback and watch the battle?" Fu Jian's generals all said: "You should use the water to intercept the Jin army, and prevent it from crossing the river and rushing ashore." Our army has many soldiers and the opponent's soldiers are few, and only in this way is the best strategy for victory. Fu Jian said disapprerovingly: "Just retreat the army and let it cross the river, and we will force it into the river with hundreds of thousands of cavalry and annihilate it." Fu Rong agrees with this. As a result, Fu Jian ordered the Qin army to retreat. Unexpectedly, the troops were in great confusion due to movement, and they could not stop retreating. Jin generals Xie Xuan, Xie Yan, Huan Yi and others led 8,000 elite soldiers to successfully cross the river. Xie Shi, the governor of the Jin army, led his troops to attack the Qin army's Zhang Oy's department, which was not conducive to a slight retreat, while Xie Xuan and Xie Yan still waved their troops to fight hard, and fought fiercely with the enemy in the south of the river, and Fu Jian's troops suffered a miserable defeat.

Strictly speaking, the factors of this battle completely ignore the role played by Zhu Xu, who was the key figure in the Battle of Weishui.

Outnumbered Wars:

In a battle, if you are fighting against an enemy with a large number of troops with a small number of troops, you must choose to set up an ambush in the depths of the grass and trees at sunset, or intercept the enemy on a dangerous road at a pass, so that the battle will be won. As the Art of War says, "When fighting against the enemy with a small force, it is important to choose the difficult terrain conditions." ”

"Northern History" records: In the third year of the unification of the Western Wei Dynasty, Gao Huan, the general of the Eastern Wei Dynasty, led the army to cross the Yellow River in the west, and approached Huazhou in the Western Wei Dynasty. Yu Wentai, the prime minister of the Western Wei Dynasty, was ordered to lead the army to fight against Gao Huan's army. Yuwentai advanced to the south of Weishui, and the troops of the conscripted states had not yet gathered, and the generals asked to wait for Gao Huan to continue west to observe the situation before making a decision on the grounds that the enemy was outnumbered. Yu Wentai retorted: "If Gao Huan enters Xianyang, the people's hearts will be turbulent. Now that it has just arrived and is not firmly established, it is just right to attack it. ”

Therefore, a pontoon bridge was immediately built over Weishui, and the troops were ordered to carry three days' rations, and the lightly armed cavalry quickly crossed the Weishui, while the transport troops moved west along the river from the south bank of the Weishui. On the first day of October, Yu Wentai led the army to Shayuan, which was only more than 60 miles away from Gao Huan's army. When Gao Huan heard the news, he immediately led the army to come. The cavalry scouts reported that Gao Huan's army was coming, and Yuwentai immediately summoned the generals to discuss countermeasures. The hussar general Li Bi said: "Because the enemy is outnumbered, we must not set up a formation in a flat and open place to engage the enemy. Ten miles east from here, there is a bend in Weishui, which can be occupied first and wait for the enemy. Yuwentai then led his army there, and lined up from east to west with his back to Weishui, with Li Bi's department as the right flank and Zhao Guisuo's department as the left flank, and ordered the soldiers to put their weapons down in the reeds, and immediately rose up to attack when they heard the sound of drums. At dusk, Gao Huan led the army to arrive here, and saw that the Western Wei army was small, and the troops were rushing to advance, causing the troops to be confused and not form a battle formation. When the two armies were about to fight, Yuwentai suddenly beat the war drums, and his subordinates suddenly rose up to attack when they heard the voice. The hussar general Yu Jin and other generals led the main force to attack the front of Gao Huan's army, and Li Bi and Zhao Gui led their troops to attack from the left and right flanks, dividing the enemy army into two sections, and defeating Gao Huan's army in one fell swoop with the tactics of combining frontal assault and horizontal attack on both wings.

Love War:

Whenever they fought against the enemy, the reason why the soldiers preferred to advance and die rather than retreat and live was because the generals usually showed favor and love to them.

The soldiers of the whole army know that the generals love them as well as their sons, so they love the generals as they love their fathers. Therefore, although he was in a dangerous situation during the battle, he was not unwilling to repay the general's kindness by fighting to the death. As the Art of War says: "The general treats the soldier as his own beloved son, and the soldier can live and die with the general in danger." ”

During the Warring States Period, Wu Qi, a general of the Wei State, was too punctual in Xihe, and he could wear the same clothes and eat the same meals as the lowest soldiers; he did not lay soft mats when sleeping, did not ride horses when marching; he personally bandaged and carried military rations, and shared the labor for the soldiers. A soldier had abscesses, and Wu Qi sucked pus for him. When the soldier's mother heard the news, she began to cry. When she was asked, "Why do you cry when your son is only a soldier, and the general himself sucks abscesses for him?" In previous years, Wu Gong had sucked abscesses for his father, and his father fought bravely in battle without retreating, and died on the battlefield. Now that Duke Wu is sucking abscesses for his son, I don't know where he will die again. So, I'm crying for him. In view of the fact that Wu Qi was good at using soldiers, honest and fair, and won the support of the soldiers, Wei Wenhou appointed him as the general to guard the Xihe area. During this period, he fought 76 battles with the princes, and won 64 battles.

Threat:

Whenever a soldier fights against the enemy, the reason why the soldiers advance bravely but do not dare to retreat is because they are afraid of the majesty of the generals and not afraid of the enemy; if they dare to retreat and do not dare to advance, it is because they are afraid of the enemy and not afraid of the generals. The commander ordered his soldiers to go to the field and did not dare to disobey because of the majestic military discipline that prompted them to do so. As the Art of War says, "When majestic military discipline overcomes mere mercy, the battle will be successful." ”

During the reign of Duke Jing of Qi in the Spring and Autumn Period, the Jin state attacked Dong'e and Juancheng of the Qi state, while the Yan state invaded the territory on the south bank of the Yellow River of the Qi state. The Qi army was defeated. Qi Jinggong was very worried about this matter. For this reason, the minister Yan Ying recommended Tian Sui Tho to Jing Gong, saying: "Although Sui Tho was born from a partial house in the Tian family, this person can make everyone subjugate, and he can make the enemy fearful when discussing martial arts. I hope the king will give it a try with him. Jing Gong then summoned Tian Sui Tho and talked with him about the use of troops, and was very happy, so he appointed him as a general to lead troops against the invading Yan and Jin armies. After taking office, Sui Tho said to Jing Gong: "I myself have always been of low status, and the king suddenly promoted me from among the commoners, and I was promoted above the doctors, and the soldiers would not obey, and the people would not get close. There is no authority to speak of when a man is of a low position, so he asked to send a man who was favored by the king and respected by the whole country to be the overseer of the army, so that he could lead the army in battle. ”

So, Jing Gong agreed to his request and sent his favorite minister Zhuang Jia as the supervisor. Tian Sui Tho said goodbye to Qi Jinggong and agreed with Zhuang Jia: "We will meet at the gate of the barracks at noon tomorrow." The next day, Sui Tho rushed to the barracks first, and set up a pole to measure the shadow of the sun and a leaky pot to measure the time, in order to wait for Zhuang Jia's arrival. Zhuang Jia Xiang was arrogant and arrogant, and this time he thought that the soldiers led by Sui Tho were his own army, and he himself was the overseer appointed by the king, so he was not very anxious about going to the army as promised. Relatives and friends saw him off and left him for a feast, but by noon he had not yet arrived at the barracks. Tian Sui Tho put down the shadow measuring rod, removed the timer leaky pot, and then entered the barracks, inspected the team, commanded the soldiers, and announced military discipline. After the deployment was completed, Zhuang Jia did not come to the barracks until evening. Tian Sui Tho questioned Zhuang Jia and said, "Why did you arrive after the appointed time?" Zhuang Jia replied nonchalantly: "No, I was gracious to the ministers and relatives, so there was a delay in staying for a drink." He rebuked him sharply: "As a general, you should forget your family on the day you receive orders, you should forget your parents when you go to the battle formation to command the troops, and you should forget your own life when you beat the drums and attack urgently." Now that the enemy has invaded the interior of our country, and the people in the country are in turmoil, and the soldiers are exposed to the borders day and night, the king cannot sleep well, and the food is not sweet, and the lives of the people are tied to your hands, what do you say to see them off?" Zhuang Jia only then became frightened, and immediately sent someone to report to Qi Jinggong and ask for rescue. When the people sent by Zhuang Jia had not yet returned, Tian Sui Tho had already beheaded Zhuang Jia in accordance with military law to show the public. The officers and men of the whole army were shocked and trembled. After a long time, Qi Jinggong sent a messenger to save Zhuang Jia in a car with a talisman in hand, and rushed straight into the military camp. Tian Sui Tho said to the envoy: "The generals carry out military affairs in the army, and some of the king's orders may not be accepted. He then asked the military judge, "Horses and chariots are not allowed to gallop into the barracks, and now that the envoy is doing this, what should be done according to the military law?" When the messenger heard this, he was terrified. But Tian Sui Tho said, "The king's messenger cannot be killed." So he beheaded the servant of the messenger, cut off the wheel of the chariot on the left side, and killed the horses on the left side of the chariot, and made a show to the whole army. Tian Sui Tho asked the envoy to report back to Qi Jinggong, and then continued to arrange military affairs. Tian Sui Tho personally inquired about and arranged the troops' marching camps, digging wells and burying stoves, feeding the soldiers, and seeing a doctor and taking medicine. He also took out all his share of the official salary for the soldiers to enjoy, and he divided the food equally with the soldiers, especially taking care of the weak and sick soldiers. Three days later, he led the army out, and the sick soldiers all asked to go with the troops, and everyone fought bravely to repay the general's care. When the Jin army heard the news, they withdrew their troops, and when the Yan State heard the news, they also crossed the Yellow River and withdrew northward, and the crisis of the Qi State was relieved. Tian Sui Tho pursued with his army, recovered all the fallen lands, and then led his army back triumphantly.