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This kind of gunpowder arrowhead was mainly developed by Zhang Jiashi with reference to the fragmentation killing method of later generations. Pen Fun Pavilion wWw. ｂiquge。 ｉｎfo

The gunpowder crossbow of the bed crossbow has been proved by actual combat, but in fact it does not have much effect, especially in terms of personnel killing, after some tests, it cannot play the killing effect that Zhang Jiashi hoped for.

Under such a premise, Zhang Jiashi can only use fragments to increase the lethality of this gunpowder arrowhead, and then examine the battlefield impact they can bring on this battlefield, so as to make Zhang Jiashi think about whether it is necessary to develop this weapon on a large scale as a transitional weapon.

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A brief description of gunpowder is as follows: Gunpowder is one of the four great inventions of China. It is a substance that can burn rapidly and regularly under the action of appropriate external energy, and at the same time generate a large amount of high-temperature gas. In the military, it is mainly used as the propellant of guns and shells, the propellant of rockets, missiles and other driving devices, and is an important part of ammunition. An outstanding achievement in the history of human civilization. Gunpowder has become one of the important inventions of human civilization because of its lethality and deterrence, bringing human beings the role of stopping war and security defense.

However, this kind of gunpowder refers more to black powder than to more advanced chemical explosives in later generations.

Zhang Jiashi preferred to be able to make the more powerful explosives, rather than the black powder that in many ways did not satisfy him.

But from the current situation, it is not that this black powder cannot be completely used in the military aspect, but that Zhang Jiashi had to give up the popularization of black powder weapons for many reasons.

Among them, range and reliability, these two aspects are the reasons why Zhang Jiashi has to focus on thinking.

The range of black powder weapons is generally not comparable to the current strong bow and hard crossbow, and after experiencing so many battles, Zhang Jiashi clearly realized one point, that is, the length of the range is indeed enough to change the trend of the battle.

This is also one of the most important reasons why Zhang Jiashi has to worry.

After all, even if the kind of paper ammunition and reloading muskets that only appeared in later generations were used, the effective range of the muskets that Zhang Jiashi conducted a small number of production tests had an effective firing range of about 100 meters at most.

Such a situation made Zhang Jiashi have to shake his head and sigh helplessly.

If it were in a regular battle, this kind of range would often be bullied by the opponent's crossbowmen and make them cry back to their grandmother's house.

Therefore, Zhang Jiashi could only choose some methods that could barely guarantee the range to use black powder weapons.

And this crossbow with a fragmentation effect is one of those weapons.

Zhang Jiashi also had a weapon to use in this crusade, and this weapon was the grenade that Zhang Jiashi had given up developing.

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Hand grenade, in Zhang Jiashi's original world, grenade is a small hand-thrown ammunition that can attack and defend, and it is also a widely used and large amount of ammunition. It can both kill and damage living targets, as well as destroy tanks and armored vehicles.

Hand grenades have played an important role in previous wars because of their small size, small mass, and easy to carry and use.

With the development of science and technology and the change of operational thinking, although the status of the grenade is not as prominent as in the two world wars, it still has an important use value in the conditions of modern warfare as one of the main equipment for infantry close combat.

The grenade has a long history, first invented by the Chinese. Grenades filled with black powder appeared in Europe in the 15th century, when they were mainly used for fortress defense and prisons. In the mid-17th century, some European countries equipped their elite units with field grenades, and called soldiers who were specially trained to use such ammunition grenadiers. By the 19th century, with the development of guns and the reduction of castle offensive and defensive battles, grenades were once given a cold reception.

In the Russo-Japanese War of 1904, grenades played a role on the battlefield again. In World War I, grenades were widely used due to the rise of trench trenches. At that time, the more typical grenades were the German wooden-handled grenade and the British pineapple-shaped Mills grenade. These grenades also laid the foundation for the later development of hand grenades.

During the Second World War, grenades were not only widely used, but also developed rapidly, hollow-charge anti-tank grenades appeared. At that time, the development of hand grenades was mainly manifested in the following aspects: 1. The firing method was improved, and the directional collision mechanism appeared, which began to be applied to the grenade fuse; 2. The hollow charge structure was used in the grenade warhead to become an anti-tank grenade; 3. Various special grenades appeared one after another, such as smoke, burning, tear gas, and stun grenades; 4. New materials began to be applied to hand grenades.

The above content is what Zhang Jiashi understood from some websites in later generations.

In Zhang Jiashi's heart, he wants to have the kind of grenade that is too advanced, not to mention anything else, even if it is the kind of oval grenade during World War II, Zhang Jiashi thinks that it can meet the needs of defensive operations.

But it's a pity that before the current Zhang Jiashi solves the charge problem, this kind of grenade can only be a kind of flash.

The grenade that Zhang Jiashi intends to use as a combat test is a fragmentation grenade that can improve the fuse method and improve the reliability to a certain extent.

The outer shell of this grenade is mainly a few inferior small prototype clay pots, while on the outside is a fuse handle constructed from a thin iron sheet.

Of course, it is not that Zhang Jiashi does not know the practice of wooden handles, but after a long time of research and many tests, this thin iron grenade can actually better meet the requirements of the new built-in flintstone fuse.

In fact, it is much more difficult to hollow out something like a wooden handle than to roll it up. And in terms of cost, it may take more time to use something like a wooden handle as a fuze placement area according to Zhang Jiashi's ideas.

The characteristic of this fuse is that the powder rope that acts as an ignition wire is tied to a piece of iron and several flints, and when the outer clasp is pulled, the flint and steel will rub against a flint and steel at the bottom, creating a spark, which then ignites the powder rope that is actually easy to ignite.

In this case, these grenade throwers are able to quickly throw the grenade out after pulling that iron bar completely.

This kind of shooting is certainly relatively safe, but due to many factors, the reliability of this grenade has not been too high.

In particular, the dud rate of this grenade is limited by the fact that the clay pot filled with gunpowder is quite easy to break, and many times, at best, it is on the ground, lighting up a cloud of smoke......

Zhang Jiashi did not think of using the method of pouring to produce a relatively thin iron can, but because of the method of infusion, the thickness of the iron can affects the effectiveness of gunpowder in many cases, so in this case, Zhang Jiashi continued to choose to use the clay pot as the charge shell of the grenade.

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The crossbowmen of the Langzhong Army under Zhang Jiashi's command, the crossbows that were fired, after coming into contact with the heavy infantry of the Western Qi Army, many special crossbow arrows could shoot through the iron shields of these heavy infantry of the Western Qi Army.

Of course, the fragmentation effect of this crossbow does not just end by shooting or injuring people.

Even if these crossbows did not shoot through the iron shields of the heavy infantry of the Western Qi Army, but were catapulted to the ground, these crossbows could still explode.

In front of many of the heavy infantry of the Western Qi Army, what they saw was an explosion of their bodies, or a fireball rising in front of them, and a wave of qi and some metal debris killing and injuring their comrades around them.

These crossbows are actually not too effective against the heavy infantry of the Western Qi army facing directly in front of them with shields. Because many of the heavy infantry of the Western Qi Army were more often injured or simply overturned by air waves, those fragments hit the iron shields of these heavy infantry, and it was difficult to effectively penetrate the iron shields held by these heavy infantry.

However, these fragments still have a certain lethal ability for the Western Qi officers and soldiers in their rear, that is, with their backs to their explosion location, especially some Western Qi infantry, in the case of only cloth clothes as defensive items, the cloth clothes on their bodies cannot effectively block the damage of these fragments that were blown away by the explosion to their bodies.

Many officers and soldiers of the Western Qi Dynasty were not directly injured or even killed by the explosion, but were killed by the effects produced by the explosion, which became one of the most common phenomena in later generations, that is, the people who really died directly from the explosion were not too many, and the people who died because of the various effects brought about by the explosion were more casualties.

After the battlefield test, there was not much gap with Zhang Jiashi's test data, Zhang Jiashi knew very well that even if he had further used this method, his gunpowder weapon still could not be satisfied with the power of the charge.

But Zhang Jiashi knows very well that this is also a common problem of black powder.

Because the development history of black powder is quite long, and limited by the power limit of black powder itself, in hundreds of years, black powder weapons have not actually fundamentally improved in terms of power.

According to the Song Dynasty Lu Zhen's "Chronicles of the Nine Kingdoms", during the reign of Emperor Ai of the Tang Dynasty (10th century), Zheng Wangfan led an army to attack Yuzhang (now Nanchang, Jiangxi), and burned down the city's Longsha Gate. This is probably the earliest record of a siege with gunpowder. By the time of the Song and Song dynasties, gunpowder weapons developed rapidly. According to the records of the "History of the Song Dynasty", in 970 A.D., the Ministry of War ordered Shi Feng to ascend to the rocket method, which was to tie the gunpowder cartridge at the front end of the arrow shaft, and use the reaction force of the gas ejected from the combustion of gunpowder to shoot the arrow cluster after ignition, which was the earliest jet firearm in the world. In 1000 AD, Tang Fu, the captain of the Divine Guard, a soldier-turned-captain, presented his rockets, fireballs, firetops and other firearms to the Song court. In 1002, Shi Pu also made rockets, fireballs and other firearms and performed them. The appearance of gunpowder weapons on the battlefield heralded a series of changes in military history. Transition from the use of cold weapons to the use of firearms.

Gunpowder was applied to weapons in its original form, mainly to take advantage of the burning properties of gunpowder. With the development of gunpowder and gunpowder weapons, there was a gradual transition to the use of gunpowder's explosive properties. When gunpowder is burned, it can produce a large amount of gas and heat. The volume of gunpowder, which was originally a small solid one, suddenly expands and soars to several thousand times, at which point the container explodes. Such is the explosive properties of gunpowder. A wide variety of firearms can be made by using the burning and explosive properties of gunpowder. The gunpowder weapons used in the Northern Song Dynasty for different purposes were made using the principle of black powder combustion and explosion. Tribulus fireballs and poison smoke balls are firearms with relatively low explosive power. At the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, firearms with relatively large explosion power also appeared, such as "thunderbolt cannons" and "earth-shaking thunder". This type of firearm is mainly used to fortify or defend cities. In 1126 AD, when Li Gang defended Kaifeng, he used thunderbolts to repel the siege of the Jin soldiers. The war between Jin and the Northern Song Dynasty further improved artillery, and the Earthquake Thunder was an iron firearm, an explosive weapon of the iron shell type. When the Yuan army attacked Jin's Nanjing (present-day Kaifeng, Henan), the Jin soldiers used this weapon when defending the city. Tubular firearms appeared in the Southern Song Dynasty, and in 1132 A.D. Chen Gui invented the musket. The musket was made of a long bamboo pole, which was first filled with gunpowder and then ignited and sprayed at the enemy during the battle. When he kept the rules, he used "more than 20 long bamboo poles and muskets". In 1259 A.D., someone in the Shouchun area made a sudden fire gun, the fire attack gun is made of a thick bamboo tube, this kind of tubular firearm is different from the musket, the musket can only spray flames to burn people, and the fire gun is equipped with a "sub-nest", after the gunpowder is ignited, a strong gas pressure is generated, and the "sub-nest" is shot out. The "sub-nest" is the primitive bullet. The assault rifle pioneered the projectile fired by a tubular firearm. Modern guns were developed from tubular firearms. So the invention of tubular firearms was another big leap in the history of weapons. The assault gun is also known as the assault cylinder, probably because it was made of bamboo barrels. In the book "Instructions for Marching" quoted in the "Yongle Canon", it is mentioned that in the Song Dynasty, when defending the city, a torch was used to kill and injure the enemy who climbed to the top of the city.

These two paragraphs illustrate the power of gunpowder, but they also limit the development of gunpowder weapons in a certain sense.

After Zhang Jiashi knew that the actual combat effect of this blasting crossbow was not much different from the combat effect he had learned before this operation, Zhang Jiashi did not give up the research on the use of black powder weapons, but made up his mind, that is, in this case, further develop the types of gunpowder weapons, and then when there is a chance to develop the types of gunpowder, as a quality leap forward.

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In fact, the impact of this gunpowder crossbow on the Western Qi army was more psychological, because this kind of weapon that made a loud noise like thunder made many Western Qi officers and soldiers tremble.

And Wang Li did not launch a counterattack against these Western Qi army troops who attacked at this time, because he knew very well that it was not a big problem to defeat this Western Qi army commando at this time, but the difficulty was that if he wanted to completely annihilate these Western Qi officers and soldiers, I am afraid that he would have to wait for the results of the battle between Su Teng and Han Xin.