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In addition to the Le clan, which destroyed the two countries during the Warring States Period, the Montessori clan can also be regarded as a legendary military family. Pen Fun Pavilion wWw. ｂiquge。 ｉｎfo

The Montessori clan originated from the Mongols.

The time when Meng Fu entered Qin may be the period when Yan Leyi conquered a large area of Qi State, that is, around 278 BC.

And Meng Fu, who defected to the Qin State, was under the command of Wei Ran, who was the prime minister of the Qin State at that time, as a doorman.

The history books do not clearly record the time when Meng Fu led the army to fight for the first time, but it can be said that there is a lot of ink on Meng Fu's deeds:

In the 30th year of the "Historical Records, Volume 44, Wei Shijia Fourteenth" :(King Anjiao of Wei), he returned to Wei without taboo, led the troops of the five countries to attack Qin, defeated the river, and went to Mengfu.

"Historical Records, Volume 88, Meng Tian's Biography Twenty-Eight": In the first year of King Xiang of Qin Zhuang, Meng Fu was a Qin general, cut down Han, took Gao and Xingyang, and placed Sanchuan County.

"Historical Records, Volume 5, Qin Benji V" :(King Xiang of Qin Zhuang) made Meng Fu attack Han, and Han Xiancheng Gao and Gong. Qin boundary to Daliang, the first place of Sanchuan County.

In the second year of the fifth year of the "Historical Records, Volume 5, Qin Benji" :(King Xiang of Qin Zhuang), he made Meng Fu attack Zhao and set Taiyuan.

In the second year of the "Historical Records, Volume 88, Meng Tianlie's Biography XXVIII" :(Qin Wangzheng), Meng Fu attacked Zhao and took 37 cities.

In the third year of the "Historical Records, Volume 5, Qin Benji V" :(Qin Wangzheng), Meng Fu attacked Wei Gaodu, Ji, and pulled it out. Attack Zhao Yuci, Xincheng, Wolf Meng, and take thirty-seven cities.

"Warring States Policy, Volume 5, Qin III": The King of Qin (King Zhaoxiang of Qin) thought otherwise, so he told Meng Ao and said: "Today, there are few people surrounded by a city, the food is unpleasant, and it is inconvenient to lie on the table." Now you should not worry about the place where you are dead, and this is also the case?" Meng Ao said: "The minister please get his affection." ”

"Historical Records, Volume 88, Meng Tian's Biography 28": Those who have Meng Tian are also their ancestors. Tian's eldest father is Mengfu, since the king of Qin Zhao, the official is the supreme secretary.

"Historical Records, Volume 88, Meng Tian's Biography Twenty-Eighth": In the seventh year of the first emperor, Meng died in the first year.

As can be seen from these accounts. As a general of the Qin State, Meng Fu is a matter of Bai Qi, Wang Ling, Wang Su and other famous generals of the older generation of the Qin army who died one after another.

And in the Qin State, it was not suspicious because Wei Ran was expelled by King Zhaoxiang of Qin, but began in 266 BC. Obtain the qualification to officially command the battle of the first army.

Meng Fu is not a victorious general like Bai Qi, on the contrary. Meng Fu has suffered a lot of defeats, especially in the face of the enemy's absolute strength, Meng Fu has wisely chosen to directly lead the army to strategic transfer.

Of course, if it were replaced by the generals who were the main leaders of the Qin State at that time, in the face of the main force of the alliance of the five countries led by Xinlingjun, they would probably choose to avoid the enemy's edge rather than fight to the end.

And Xinlingjun's battle, although its momentum is far greater than the period when Kuang Zhang led the coalition army to attack the Qin State, but because of the precedent of Kuang Zhang, the Qin State has been in these decades. Continuously strengthen the defense capability of Hangu Pass, and finally the generals of the Qin army, such as Meng Fu and Huan Qi, were able to rely on Hangu Pass, and finally repelled the combined forces.

And this battle, although it was not the last battle of the veteran Meng Biao, but in the seventh year of the reign of King Qin, Meng Biao died a righteous death. And Wang Jian and others officially took over the position of commander of the Qin army.

......

During the reign of King Zhaoxiang of Qin (306 BC - 251 BC), he entered the Qin State from the west of Qi to serve King Zhaoxiang of Qin, and was the official to the Emperor.

In the first year of King Xiang of Qinzhuang (249 BC), Meng Biao served as a general. He was ordered to lead an army to attack Korea, and Korea ceded Chenggao (northwest of present-day Xingyang, Henan) and Gongercheng to Qin, and Qin set up Sanchuan County (northeast of present-day Luoyang, Henan). The "Historical Records: The Biography of Meng Tianlie" records that it was Meng Fu who seized the two cities of Chenggao and Xingyang (now northeast of Xingyang, Henan) in South Korea and set up Sanchuan County. After the Qin State established Sanchuan County, its boundary reached the capital of the Wei State, Daliang (present-day Kaifeng, Henan).

In the second year of King Xiang of Qinzhuang (248 BC), King Xiang of Qinzhuang sent Meng Wei to lead an army to attack Zhao and pacify Taiyuan.

In the third year of King Xiang of Qin Zhuang (247 BC). Meng Wei led his army to conquer Gaodu (now Jincheng, Shanxi) and Jixian of Wei. He then attacked Yuci (now Shanxi), Xincheng (now Shuozhounan, Shanxi), and Langmeng (now Yangqu, Shanxi) of Zhao, capturing a total of 37 cities (recorded in the "Historical Records of Mengtian Liebiography" as the second year of King Xiang of Qinzhuang).

In the same year, Wei Wuji, the Xinling monarch of Wei, led the allied forces of Yan, Zhao, Han, Chu, and Wei to attack Qin, defeated the Qin army south of the Yellow River, and repelled the Mengfu, so Wei Wuji and other troops evacuated.

In the first year of Qin Shi Huang (246 BC), Qin Wangzheng (i.e., Qin Shi Huang) ascended the throne and appointed Lü Buwei as prime minister, Li Si as Sheren, and Meng Fu and Huan Qi and Qi Gong as generals. In the same year, Qin captured Zhao's Jinyang (southwest of present-day Taiyuan, Shanxi). Soon Jin Yang rebelled against Qin, and Meng Fu led an army to quell the rebellion.

In the third year of Qin Shi Huang (244 BC), Meng Fu attacked Korea and captured thirteen cities. In October of the same year, Meng Fu attacked the two cities of Wei and Youwei.

In the fourth year of Qin Shi Huang (243 B.C.), Meng Fu captured the clan and had tricks. In March of the same year, Meng Fu withdrew his troops and returned.

In the fifth year of Qin Shi Huang (242 BC), after Qin Wangzheng learned of Wei Wuji's death, he sent Meng Fu to lead an army to attack Wei again. Meng Fu seized 20 cities of Wei, including Sujube (southwest of present-day Yanjin, Henan), Yan (present-day northeast of Yanjin, Henan), Xuxu (present-day Yanjin East, Henan), Changping (present-day Xihua, northeast of Henan), Yongqiu (present-day Qixian County, Henan), and Shanyang (present-day Jiaozuodong, Henan), and set them up as Dongjun (Zhipuyang, southwest of present-day Puyang, Henan).

In the seventh year of Qin Shi Huang (240 BC), Meng Fu died at the age of about seventy.

......

In addition to Meng Fu, Meng Wu in the Meng family can also be regarded as a famous general.

Meng Wu (year of birth and death unknown), the son of the famous general Meng Fu, the father of Meng Tian and Meng Yi, and the general of the Qin State during the Warring States Period. In 224 BC, Meng Wu served as a deputy general, followed Wang Jian to lead an army to attack the state of Chu, defeated the Chu army, and beheaded the Chu general Xiang Yan. In 223 BC, Meng Wu and Wang Jian once again led an army to attack the Chu State, defeated the Chu army, captured the Chu king, and destroyed the Chu State.

His subsequent deeds are unknown.

In the twenty-third year of Qin Shi Huang (224 BC), Qin Shi Huang appointed Meng Wu as his deputy general, and sent Meng Wu to follow the main general Wang Jian to lead an army of 600,000 to attack the Chu State. The Qin army and the Chu army fought in Qidi, the Qin army defeated the Chu army, and when they pursued to the south of Qidi, they killed Xiang Yan, the general of the Chu army, and the Chu army was defeated and fled, and the Qin army took advantage of the victory to capture some towns in the Chu state.

In the twenty-fourth year of Qin Shi Huang (the fifth year of the defeat of the king of Chu, 223 BC), Meng Wu and Wang Jian led an army to attack the state of Chu again. The Qin army defeated the Chu army, captured the king of Chu, captured the entire territory of Chu, destroyed Chu, and set up Chu counties in Chu.

Although Mengwu has no record of destroying the country in history, he followed Li Xin from it. Wang Jian attacked Chu and successively achieved corresponding results. It can be seen that Meng Wu's ability is not too bad.

Especially because the Chang Wenjun brothers rebelled against Qin, the soldiers of the counties around Yingchuan County cut off Li Xin, and Mengwu's attack on Chu and Qin's troops retreated, but Mengwu still did not suffer a big defeat, and even was able to rescue Li Xinjun, who was pinned down by Xiang Yanjun, and retreated into the area controlled by the Qin army, which can show that Mengwu was not chaotic.

And after that. Meng Wu followed Wang Jian to attack Chu twice, defeated Xiang Yan and the main force of the Chu army, and finally destroyed the Chu State, and Meng Wu also made a lot of contributions.

......

Among the Mengshi family, the most famous person is not the pillar of the Qin State in the period of "green and yellow" at the level of military command, and he is also not trusted by the Qin Dynasty. Mengwu, who once served as the internal history and commanded the army to fight without fear of danger, led the army to break the Xiongnu Meng Tian.

Meng Tian (c. 259 BC - 210 BC), surnamed Ji, Mengshi, name Tian. He was a native of Qi (now Mengyin County, Shandong Province) and a famous general of the Qin Dynasty. Meng Tian was born in a family of famous generals, his grandfather Meng Fu and father Meng Wu were both famous generals of the Qin State, deeply influenced by the family environment, and had great ambitions since childhood.

In 221 BC, Meng Tian was made a general and attacked the state of Qi. Because of his meritorious service to breaking Qi, he was worshiped as an internal history, and his younger brother Meng Yi was also appointed to the Supreme Secretary. The Montessori brothers won the favor of Qin Shi Huang, Meng Tian served as a foreign minister, and Meng Yi was often an internal strategist, and was known as "faithful" at that time. The other generals did not dare to compete with them for favor.

After Qin unified the Six Kingdoms, Meng Tian led an army of 300,000 to attack the Xiongnu in the north. Recovered Henan (now Inner Mongolia Hetao South Ordos City), built Lintao (now Minxian County, Gansu) in Longxi in the west, and the Great Wall of 10,000 miles in the east to Liaodong (now Liaoning), conquered the northern Xinjiang for more than ten years, and shocked the Xiongnu.

In 210 BC, Qin Shi Huang died of illness, and the CRRC government ordered Zhao Gaotong to secretly plot a coup d'état with Prime Minister Li Si and Gongzi Hu Hai to establish Prince Huhai. After Hu Hai ascended the throne, he gave death to the Mengshi brothers, and Meng Tian committed suicide by swallowing medicine.

Meng Tian grew up in a family of military generals, deeply influenced by the family environment, and had great ambitions since he was a child, determined to charge into battle and serve the country. He was gifted and intelligent, familiar with military books, and gradually cultivated a high military literacy.

In 221 BC (the twenty-sixth year of Qin Shi Huangdi), Meng Tian was named a general, attacked the state of Qi, and was worshiped as an internal history for his meritorious service to break Qi, and his younger brother Meng Yi was also appointed to the Supreme Secretary. The Montessori brothers won the favor of Qin Shi Huang, Meng Tian served as a foreign minister, and Meng Yi was often an internal strategist, and was known as "faithful" at that time. The other generals did not dare to compete with them for favor.

After the Qin State annexed the world, Meng Tian was ordered to lead his army to attack the Xiongnu in the north. Recovering Henan (now the area of Yikezhao League in the south of Hetao, Inner Mongolia), from Yuzhong (now north of Yijin Huoluo Banner in Inner Mongolia) to Yinshan, 34 counties were established.

They crossed the Yellow River again, occupied Yangshan, and migrated people to enrich the border counties. Later, the Great Wall of Lintao (now Minxian County, Gansu) in Longxi was built in the west and Liaodong (now in Liaoning) in the east, connecting the Great Wall of Yuanyan, Zhao and Qin as a whole. The Great Wall took advantage of the terrain and took advantage of the natural danger to set up fortresses, which effectively curbed the southward advance of the Xiongnu. Later, he was sent to open a straight road for Qin Shi Huang to tour the world, from Jiuyuan County (now southwest of Baotou City, Inner Mongolia) to Ganquan Palace, cut off the mountain range, fill the deep valley, the total length is 1,800 miles, but unfortunately the repair was not completed. Meng Tian was stationed in Shangjun for more than ten years, threatening the Huns.

Meng Yi has a strict rule of law, never favors the powerful, and no one dares to compete with the Manchu Dynasty. One day, the chamberlain Zhao Gao committed a major crime, and Meng Yi sentenced him to death in accordance with the law and removed him from his eunuch position, but was pardoned by Qin Shi Huang. From this time on, the Montessori brothers became Zhao Gao's heart disease.

In the winter of 210 BC (the thirty-seventh year of Qin Shi Huang), Qin Shi Huang Zhao Zhengyou fell ill on the way, and sent Meng Yi to worship the mountains and rivers to pray for blessings, and soon Qin Shi Huang died of illness in the sand dunes, and the news of his death was blocked. He also coerced and enticed, forcing Li Si to conspire with them and forge a testament. The "edict" accused Fusu of not being able to make meritorious service abroad, but resented his father, so he sent an envoy to give his son Fusu and Meng Tian death on fabricated charges. Fusu committed suicide, Meng Tian had doubts in his heart, and asked for a revital.

The envoy handed Meng Tian over to the officials, and sent Li Si and others to replace Meng Tian in charge of the army and imprison Meng Tian in Yangzhou. After Hu Hai killed Fusu, he wanted to release Meng Tian. However, Zhao Gaoshen was afraid that Montessori would be favored again and disadvantageous to himself, so he insisted on destroying Montessori. It was scattered on the issue of establishing the crown prince, Meng Yi had slandered Hu Hai in front of the first emperor, Hu Hai imprisoned and killed Meng Yi, and sent people to Yangzhou to kill Meng Tian.

The messenger said to Meng Tian, "You have sinned too much, and Meng Yi deserves to die and sit down on you." Meng Tian said: "From my ancestors to my descendants, I have been born and died for the Qin State for three generations. I command an army of 300,000 men, and although I am imprisoned, I am powerful enough to betray. But I know that I should die in obedience. The reason why I did this was that I did not dare to insult the teachings of my ancestors, and I did not dare to forget the kindness of my ancestors. ”

The messenger said, "I have only been ordered to put you to death, and I dare not report the words of the general to Your Majesty." Meng Tian sighed and said, "How did I offend the heavens? I was executed without a crime?" After a long silence, he said: "My sin should have been killed, and I went to Liaodong to build the Great Wall and dig a ditch for more than 10,000 miles.

......

Regarding the record about Meng Tian, Zhang Jiashi said more about himself, because when Meng Tian faced the Xiongnu, since there were not so many troops to use, and what Meng Tian was responsible for supervising was not the construction of the Great Wall, but the ability to connect the existing Great Wall system at that time and complete the defense of the Great Wall.

So for the description of some records, Zhang Jiashi said: "I should have done it without seeing it." ”

And the point is not this, the point is that whether it is Meng Fu, or later Meng Wu, Meng Tian's father and son, the knowledge of the military family they have learned is not necessarily their family heritage.

Because in terms of Meng's ability, if he has a family knowledge of soldiers, then he may not be able to do anything in the Qi country, and he is only a small official.

And there is a saying that Meng Fu was able to learn Sun Bin's knowledge of the art of war under one of Sun Bin's disciples.

If this statement is credible, then Meng Fu is the inheritor of Sun Bin's Art of War that has been most embodied in the troubled times of the Warring States Period.

Of course, Zhang Jiashi once discussed this statement with Meng Xing and others, and because Meng Wu and others died one after another due to accidents or persecution, Meng Xing and others did not know the truth of this statement, and Zhang Jiashi could only give up arguing this point in the end.

(To be continued.) )

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