Zhang Jiashi very much hoped that all the ministers in the court would be quite loyal, but this situation could not completely occur. Because people always have more or less selfish intentions.

It's like if he hadn't been a "fox and a fake tiger" at the beginning, relying on the will of the First Emperor to gather Chen Ping's efforts, I'm afraid he might not be able to solve the original chaos so quickly.

Moreover, when he was ordered to be "Captain Afangdu", if Zhang Jiashi was stubborn, I am afraid that Chen Ping and others would really leave under the pretext, so naturally there would be nothing to do with him.

So sometimes, people are not afraid of selfishness, but they are afraid that people's selfishness will make a person not even do the right thing to do.

......

As far as the situation faced by Shi Kefa is concerned, as the supervisor of the Hongguang regime in Jiangbei, the land from Jiangbei to Huaishui alone cannot support the corresponding consumption of the four towns in Jiangbei.

Shi Kefa was also very aware of this situation, so at that time, Shi Kefa repeatedly asked the Hongguang regime in Nanjing for more and reasonable assistance.

However, as the actual controllers of the Hongguang regime, Ma Shiying, Ruan Dacheng and others did not take Shi Kefa's request to heart at all.

Shi Zai Zhu Yousong was weak by nature, indulged in drunken prostitutes, and entrusted political affairs to Ma Shiying and Ruan Dacheng. Ma and Ruan took the matter of selling their official positions and revenge for personal revenge, which led to the sluggishness of Nanming's political affairs and constant internal strife. Outside, Shi Kefa supervised Jiangbei, set up four towns of Huai, Yang, Feng, and Lu, with Huang Degong, Liu Liangzuo, Liu Zeqing, and Gao Jie as the commanders of the general army, and the Southern Ming Dynasty appeared a trend of warlordization.

Ma Shiying once said: "If the generation speaks loudly, although, who should hang Zhang Tianru, go thousands of miles for a month, and act as a broker for the future, who asks about the death of Tianru?"

He said that don't you talk about the same breath, which of you can compare with me? I am running thousands of miles for Zhang Pu in January, so who will be like me to ask a dead Zhang Pu like this? Although Zhang Pu is the giant of Donglin and the founder of the Fushe Society, most of the people in Donglin were anxious to discuss the official position with Zhou Yanru at that time, and the last person who was separated by a layer of relations handled the affairs for him.

The relationship between Ma Shiying and Zhang Pu: The reason is that Ruan Dacheng and Zhang Pu have a good relationship, Chongzhen used his relationship with Feng Quan, and Zhang Pu worked together for Zhou Yanru's resurrection, after Zhou Yanru's comeback, Ruan Dacheng asked him to recommend himself, but Zhou Yanru was forced to have a gentleman's agreement with Donglin-Fushe, and did not dare to use the person in the "reverse case", so he negotiated with Ruan Dacheng, and finally Ruan proposed to use his friend Ma Shiying, so Ma Shiying was used.

When Ma Shiying was appointed, he was still in the army, which means that he was still a guilty exile, and he didn't know what this appointment was going on at that time, and only later did he know that this was done by Ruan Dacheng, so he was grateful to Ruan. And his relationship with Zhang Pu began here, so after Zhang Pu's death, in order to manage the aftermath for him, he traveled thousands of miles in a month, which can be seen in this matter.

He is so dedicated to Zhang Pu, who is one layer away, and recommends kindness to Ruan Dacheng, who single-handedly created his wealth today, of course, no matter what, he must repay it, so Nan Mingshi will work hard to make Ruan Dacheng come back.

Some people say: "Shiying is a mediocre talent, but he is just a puppet ear of Dacheng!" He thinks that he is in power, and he is like a monkey and is crowned." This is not true.

Ma Shiying has traveled through the feudal territory and is quite talented in practice. Although he is not a genius, he still has considerable means in the case of the general incompetence of the scholars and doctors in the late Ming Dynasty.

Liu Chao, a native of Yongcheng, Henan, made meritorious contributions to the conquest of An Bangyan during the Apocalypse, and accumulated officials to the chief military officer of Zunyi, Sichuan. Li Zicheng surrounded Kaifeng, and Liu Chao asked the recruiter to assist in the attack, which was used as the chief military officer of Baoding, and ordered the troops to come to the rescue. I was so afraid that I didn't dare to do it, stayed at home, and killed the three families including Wei Jingqi with personal grudges, and then rebelled against the city. The governor Wang Han begged for it and was killed. Emperor Chongzhen ordered Ma Shiying to join the eunuch Lu Jiude and the Henan chief military officer Chen Yongfu to discuss.

In April next year, the city was besieged, and the thieves were repeatedly defeated, and the siege was built for a long time. When Liu Chao was in Guizhou, he met Ma Shiying, and he was good at begging. Shiying pretended to allow it, but Liu Chao saw it and refused to go to the saber. Shi Ying smiled and said: "If you return to the court, An will use this?" has sneaked away his cronies, and then he was bound. Sacrifice the prisoner to the court and die. The times are full of rogues, and Shiying has meritorious service in defending the royal number.

In March of the seventeenth year of Chongzhen of the Ming Dynasty, Li Zicheng entered Beijing, and Zhu Youzhen hanged himself.

The ministers of Nanjing hastily proposed to establish a new monarch. Ma Shiying joined forces with the eunuch Han Zanzhou and the minister Liu Kongzhao, and the general soldiers of the foreign covenant Huang Degong, Liu Liangzuo, Gao Jie, Liu Zeqing, etc., supported the Fu King Zhu Yousong in Nanjing, and established the first Southern Ming regime, that is, the Hongguang Dynasty. It is probably a coalition government for the salvation of the country and a united front of all parties. But Ma Shiying, Ruan Dacheng and others wield real power.

Ma Shiying served as a scholar of Dongge University and the right capital of the Imperial Palace, and still supervised the military affairs of Fengyang and other places.

The ministers were concerned about the blessing of Wang Li, or they complained about the "demon book" and the "assault" and "moving the palace"; The Yin Lord, Qian Qianyi, the waiter of the Ministry of Rites, and Lu Daqi, the waiter of the Ministry of War, who is the speaker of the Ministry of Rites, and Zhang Shenyan, the right capital, and Jiang Yueguang, Zhan Shi, are all the same. Lei Zhuozuo, the former envoy of Shandong, and Zhou Bi, a member of the Ministry of Rites, lobbied back and forth.

Shi Kefa secretly made an appointment with Ma Shiying and had a secret conversation with him in Pukou.

And Ma Shiying also had the intention of making a great contribution, so the two quickly reached an agreement and secretly agreed on a compromise plan that would not be offended, that is, to give up King Fu and King Lu, and support King Gui Zhu Changying. On the second day after arriving in Pukou, Shi Kefa wrote a letter back to Nanjing, proposing a plan to support King Gui and at the same time have King Lu temporarily command the soldiers and horses in accordance with the system of the ancient marshal of soldiers and horses.

And the Donglin forces entrenched in Nanjing, in fact, as long as they are not succeeded by King Fu Zhu Yousong, no matter who they choose, they will have no opinion, so as soon as they received Shi Kefa's plan, the Ministry of Rites immediately prepared various honor guards, planning to set off to Guangxi to pick up King Gui to Nanjing to succeed to the throne.

Shi Kefa was very clear in his heart at that time, when he and Jiang Yueguang privately discussed the candidate for support, he first expressed his stance on the matter of "supporting Lu": "This soldier is also!" At the same time, it also shows that he is actually very clear in his heart, even if he supports the succession of King Fu, it is not enough to do anything.

It's a pity that Lord Shi Kefa, the first minister of the remnant Ming who holds great power, has performed a little sighing on such a major political issue related to the safety of the society.

After the above remarks were leaked, the "supporters" of Lu were violent, and public opinion was in an uproar, and Shi Kefa did not dare to express his political attitude, but argued on the basis of reason, and frankly said that Fu Wang Lunxu should be established and "support Lu" or would start a rebellion, nor did he dare to insist on his own viewpoint and stand up to expound his understanding of this issue, so as to dispel the people's suspicions and fears about "supporting the heirs." Instead, he was timid to "avoid saying nothing," and finally came up with a plan to try not to offend both sides and not to be in a nondescript manner.

Although everyone is from the Wanli Emperor, where is the Apocalypse and the Second Emperor Chongzhen? Where is the King of Fu?

The second is the extreme lack of operability, which is not as good as "supporting". King Lu Zhu Changshu is the same as King Fu, they are close to Huai'an, and they can get to Nanjing in a few days. However, King Gui is thousands of miles away in Guangxi, and he always wants a few months of going back and forth, and he is afraid that this King Gui has not yet arrived in Nanjing, and the Dashun army or the Qing army has already arrived in the city.

In this matter, although Shi Kefa had some understanding from his knowledge and political means, he was indecisive and full of scruples, and he did not have the determination and courage of an outstanding statesman, and he did not dare to quickly cut through the chaos and stabilize the situation, so that he later had to go out of Beijing to avoid trouble, and he lost the great opportunity to reorganize the imperial court; on the issue of establishing the monarch, he did not have the courage to speak out in the face of resistance and opposition, and only wanted not to offend the forces of all sides. This is still a slight gap compared to his teacher Zuo Guangdou.

After Fengyang's "support" became a foregone conclusion, Ma Shiying led an army of 50,000 and went straight to Yizhen with Zhu Yousonghao, who took Shi Kefa there and went to Nanjing, while Ma Shiying led the army to stay still.

After Ma Shiying hired Ruan Dacheng, he had many disputes with the Donglin Party and Gao Hongtu, the former Qi Party who was attached to Donglin. In the spring of the first year of Hongguang, Duoduo, the puppet prince of Jianzhou, led his army south, and in early May, Nanjing fell, and the Hongguang court perished.

Ma Shiying went south to Hangzhou, Shaoxing and other places in Zhejiang, and finally entered Taihu Lake to join the army of Changxingbo Wu Risheng to continue to resist thieves, and was captured and killed by the Jianzhou army in Taihu Lake after the struggle failed. It is said that after Ma Shiying fled to Taizhou, he entered Siming Mountain to cut his hair and become a monk, and the Qing soldiers peeled his skin, which was really grass, which was extremely tragic, but it was called "Ma Yao grass was born and Yao died and grass was born" by Donglin.

After the destruction of Nanjing, a dialogue between Duoduo, the commander of the Qing army, and Huang Duanbo, the head of the Hongguang Dynasty Rite Department, who would rather die than surrender, can reflect Ma Shiying's integrity. Huang Duanbo heard that Zhao Zhilong, Qian Qianyi and others surrendered to the door, and in the big book of the city gate, "Huang Duanbo, the director of the Ritual Department of the Ming Rite Department, did not surrender", was arrested. During interrogation:

Duoduo shouted: "What kind of character do you think Emperor Hongguang is, and he wants to die for him?"

Huang Duanbo said: "Emperor Shengming!"

Duoduo asked, "Ma Shiying, what about it?"

Huang Duanbo: "Ma Shiying, loyal ministers!"

Duoduo was angry and ridiculous, and asked: "Ma Shiying is a traitor, how can he be loyal?"

Huang Duanbo said: "Ma Shiying did not surrender, and he sent the Queen Mother into Zhejiang, of course, he was a loyal minister. He pointed to Zhao Zhilong and others, who had shaved their hair and changed clothes, and said: "These people are disloyal and unfilial people. ”

In May of the first year of Hongguang, Nanjing was lost, King Fu escaped, and Qian Qianyi, the secretary of the Ministry of Rites, and other hundred officials all surrendered, only Huang Duanbo did not surrender at the door of his residence.

Duoduo, the prince of Qingyu, was furious and imprisoned him in Jiangning. In prison, he talked and laughed as usual, and wrote "Ming Yilu" to say: "Dan's heart is poured into the Han room, and the blood is spit out to the Qin court" to clarify his ambition.

On 14 June, when the Qing government ordered a shaved hair, he pointed to his neck and said, "I would rather shave my head than shave my hair." On August 13, Duoduo persuaded Duanbo to surrender again, and threatened: "If you don't surrender, you will poke!" Huang Duanbo swore to die and not surrender, and Duoduo killed him. Huang Duanbo cleaned up the crown shoes, and raised his head to lead the neck to the blade.

The executioner's heart was so dizzy that he didn't dare to raise his knife, and Huang Duanbo said sharply: "Why don't you stab me in the heart!"

Before the execution, Duanbo faced the north and worshipped, the color changed a lot, more than 10,000 spectators, burned incense and wept, and even Duoduo sighed that "the tough guy from the south only sees this person".

After Duanbo's death, the Qing army collected his body into a coffin, folded his coffin to his hometown Xincheng, and buried it on the side of Zhongxiao Bridge.

When King Yihai of Minglu was in Shaoxing to supervise the country, he gave Huang Duanbo Taichang Siqing and the Zhongzhong Festival. During the Ming and Tang dynasties, Wang Yujian and Longwu also named him the secretary of the Ministry of Rites, and he was loyal and resolute. Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty gave a fierce sorrow.

......

Before and after the Qing soldiers entered the customs, the members of the Fushe were divided. Zhou Zhong participated in Li Zicheng's Dashun regime and drafted an edict for Li to ascend the throne, and most of them became the backbone of the anti-Qing forces in Jiangnan. The Fushe scholars in Nanjing were dissatisfied with Ruan Dacheng's ostentatious swagger and greed for bribes and misleading the country, and once jointly wrote "Staying in the Capital to Prevent Chaos and Public Exposure", announcing Ruan Dacheng's crimes, forcing him to "sneak in the head of the bull at the south gate and dare not enter the city".

Later, Ma Shiying and Ruan Dacheng supported King Lifu, controlled the government, and retaliated and persecuted the members of the Fushe Society. When the Qing soldiers marched south, many members of the Fushe still insisted on armed struggle, Chen Zilong and Xia Yunyi raised troops in Songjiang, and Huang Chunyao and Hou Qi led the anti-Qing struggle of the military and people in Jiading, but they all died after defeat.

After the death of the Ming Dynasty, some famous members of the Restoration Society fled to the mountains and forests, Gu Yanwu, Huang Zongxi, etc., summed up the lessons of the Ming Dynasty and concentrated on writing, while Yang Tingshu, Fang Yizhi, Chen Zhenhui and others cut their hair and became monks, and lived in seclusion. These actions are consistent with the Restoration Society's advocacy of advocating integrity and attaching importance to ethics.

There are also a few people such as Wu Weiye and Hou Fangyu who entered the Qing Dynasty.

There is a famous figure in the Restoration Society called Xia Yunyi, but he is not too famous in history, but his son is a young hero in the history books - Xia Wanchun.

In the spring of the first year of Yongli, the king of Minglu gave Xia Yunyi the title of "Wenzhong", and awarded Wanchun as the person of Zhongshu. Wan Chun wrote a thank you table, together with a roster of dozens of people who resisted the Qing Dynasty and restored the Ming Dynasty, and handed it over to Xie Yaowen, a talented person who specialized in correspondence at sea, so that he went to Zhoushan to present to King Lu. Xie waited for the ship in Luoque, was captured by the Qing soldiers, and sent to the prison of Admiral Wu Shengzhao. After Wu Shengzhao was defeated against the Qing Dynasty, the Qing authorities got the letter of thanks from Chun, etc., so Hong Chengchou, the military affairs of the governor of Nanjing, adhered to the will of the regent of the Manchu Dynasty, and strictly arrested Xia Wanchun and others according to the roster, and they must be wiped out.

Wan Chun took refuge in Jiashan's father-in-law's house, and was secretly blocked from traveling westward, returned to Songjiang, and decided to cross the sea to King Lu, and then tried to make a big move. Unfortunately, he was arrested by the Qing authorities at the end of June, and he was sent to Nanjing for trial. The boat passed through the fine forest mountain, and remembered the teacher Chen Zilong, who wrote the poem "Crying at Night in the Fine Forest" to express condolences. The boat passed through the Wujiang River, and wrote the poem "Wujiang Night Crying" to mourn Wu Yi.

Escorted to Nanjing, Hong Chengchou personally interrogated and persuaded him to surrender, saying: "How do you know that a boy can call a soldier a rebel? Wan Chun stood upright and did not kneel, pretending not to know that the interrogator was the traitor Hong Chengchou, and replied loudly: "I heard that Mr. Hengjiu is a masterpiece of this dynasty, the battle of Songshan and Xingshan, blood splashed on Zhangqu. The first emperor mourned and praised and moved Huayi. I often admire his loyalty, although he is young, he kills himself to serve the country, how can I let him!"

When the left and right servants told him that the "adult" in the hall was Hong Chengchou, Wan Chun said even more vigorously: "Mr. Hengjiu has been dead for a long time, and the world has heard of it. What a traitor you are, dare to assume his name and tarnish your loyalty!"

Hong Chengchou was depressed and speechless.

Shi Qian Yan was also arrested, and his will was depressed. Wan Chun encouraged him and said, "Today, I will ask Gong Gong for death generously, so that I can see Chen Gong underground, wouldn't it be a great husband!" Laugh and talk in prison. Since his arrest and imprisonment, he wrote a poem called "Nanguan Cao", which is a work of lamenting the world, hurting times, cherishing friends and mourning the dead, generous and sad, and recited through the ages.

Following his father's collection of political essays "Continued Survival Record", he analyzed the reasons for the fall of the Hongguang Dynasty of the Southern Ming Dynasty and had excellent insights. For example, "the government of the southern capital, the smaller the territory, the larger the officials; the fewer the counties, the larger the officials; the poorer the wealth, the richer the officials." Si is ****. Therefore, Guo Moruo exclaimed: "Wanchun is not only a poet, but also a talented person who prepares good history." ”

On 19 September, Xia Wanchun was inaugurated in the West Market of Nanjing, and the so-called charges were summarized as "Tonghaikou is a foreign aid, Jiehu Mao is an internal response, and the secret equipment is Chen Songshu, and the rank of civil and military official is recommended."

When he was about to be executed, he stood without kneeling, his expression remained unchanged, and the executioner trembled, not daring to face it, and it took a long time before he was cut off from his throat with a knife. Qian Chang and more than 30 other people went to justice together in Nanjing. After Xia Wanchun's death, his friends Du Dengchun and Shen Yuxiao collected the body and buried it next to the tomb of Xia Yunyi in Dangwan Village, Kungang Township, Songjiang.