Sometimes, there are many factors that contribute to the so-called "introduction of foreigners", but there is no doubt that this way of thinking is difficult for others or people who have a great sense of belonging to the nation to identify with. Pen ~ fun ~ pavilion www.biquge.info net?

And even Zhang Jiashi, it is difficult for him to understand why anyone can do such a thing.

But there is no doubt that for those who have a sense of national belonging, this betrayal of the nation can be said to be condemned by almost everyone.

And Zhang Jiashi himself knows one thing very well, this may be regarded as a kind of thinking orientation of Oriental people. For Westerners, this kind of thinking is also relatively difficult to understand compared to them.

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In Western history, the succession of dynasties in many countries was in fact the submission of powerful powers.

One of the most obvious representatives is the man who entered England strongly, known in history as William the Conqueror.

William the Conqueror, known in English history as William I.

In 1o35, in accordance with his father's will, William became Duke of Normandy at the age of 7.

Hostile Norman aristocrats plotted to usurp William's position, killing three of William's guardians, although excluding Alan III of Brittany, who was a later guardian. William, however, was supported by King Henry I of France. He was knighted by Henry at the age of 15. By the time William was 19 years old, he had successfully dealt with the threat of rebellion and invasion.

In 1o47, thanks to Henry's aid, William defeated the rebellious Norman nobles at the Battle of Caen at the Battle of the Dunes of Valls, obtaining a "Holy Truce" supported by the Roman Catholic Church, which eventually consolidated Normandy's rule.

Contrary to the wishes of Pope Leo IX, William married Matilda of Flanders in 1o53 at the Church of Notre-Dame in Normandy. William was about 24 years old and Matilda was 22 years old at the time. William was considered a faithful and loving husband, and their marriage resulted in four sons and six daughters. In repentance of this consanguineous marriage, William donated St. Stephen's Church and Matilda donated the Holy Trinity Church.

The strengthening of Normandy's power due to William's aristocratic marriages made King Henry I of France feel threatened, and his former supporters eventually became enemies.

By this time William was already a charismatic leader, attracting strong support within Normandy, including the loyalty of his half-brother Ode of Bayeux and Robert of Morten, both of whom played important roles in his life. Subsequently, the deaths of Henry I and Geoffrey II of Anjou in 1o6o weakened the centers of power of these two competing forces to the benefit of William. In 1o62, William invaded and gained control of the county of Main, which had been a fiefdom of Anjou.

Edward the Confessor died without an heir, and William, the mighty Earl of Wessex, Harold Gwenson, and the Viking King Harold III of Norway, known as Harold Harderad, fought fiercely for the throne of England.

Through his own aunt Emma, William had a feeble pedigree to assert his rights. William also claims that when he visited Edward in London in 1o52, the latter promised him the throne. (Actually, neither of these points has anything to do with William.) ）

During the Danish occupation of LinkedIn Glen, Edward went into exile in Normandy, where he spent much of his life. William rescued Harold, who was shipwrecked in the Earldom of Ponthieu, and together they defeated Conan II, Duke of Brittany. In that case, William canonized Harold as a knight, and in any case, he also induced Harold to swear allegiance to himself through a hidden saint's skeleton. However, in January 1o66, in accordance with Edward's final will and testament, and by Witan's vote, Harold Gwynson was crowned King by Archbishop Aldred.

At the same time, William presented his claim to the English throne to Pope Alexander II, who gave him the Holy Cross banner as support. William then convened a war conference in Lillebonne and began a public build-up of an army in Normandy in January.

William offered promises of British lands and titles, and he amassed a large fleet of 696 ships at Diver. The fleet carried a large number of mercenaries, as well as Allied and volunteers from Brittany, northeastern France, and Flanders, as well as a small number of colonial troops from other parts of France and the Normans in southern Italy. In England, Harold amassed a large army and a fleet on the southern coast to defend the English Channel.

Fortunately for William, his crossing was delayed by bad winds that lasted for eight months. While waiting, William managed to keep his army together. But Harold's army was dwindled by a lack of supplies and a drop in morale due to the arrival of the harvest season, and he disbanded his army on September 8. Harold at the same time reinforced his ships in London, leaving the English Channel undefended.

Then came the news that another contender for the throne, Harold III of Norway, had joined forces with Tostig Gwenson from Yorkden 6 and 1o miles deeper. Harold gathered his army again, and after a four-day march, defeated Harold III and Tostig on 25 September.

On 12 September, the wind changed direction and William's fleet set sail. A storm struck suddenly, and the fleet was forced to take shelter from the storm on the banks of the Saint-Valerisom River, waiting again for the wind to change. On 27 September the Norman fleet finally set sail and on 28 September boarded the Bay of Pevinsey in England.6 From there, William traveled a few miles east to Hastings, where a prefabricated wooden castle was erected as a base for military operations. From there, he plundered the Inner 6 area and waited for Harold to return from the north.

William chose Hastings because it was located at the end of a long peninsula flank, near impassable swamps. The battle was fought on the isthmus. William immediately built a fort in Hastings to guard his back against the Harold fleet, which might arrive from London.

William's army landed on 6, he was able to pay less attention to the problem of flight, and could wait for the end of the winter blizzard, attack the surrounding area with cavalry, and then start a campaign in the spring. Harold reconnoitred the south of England for some time and was fully aware of the need to occupy the isthmus at once.

On 25 December, William was crowned King of England at Westminster Abbey and the Norman dynasty began. After William I ascended the throne, in order to suppress the Anglo-Saxon rebellion in the country, William I took one-fifth of the land of England as his own territory, made his knights barons, stationed them in various towns, and built many castles throughout the country. Both the Tower of London and Windsor Castle were built during that period.

William I changed the course of English history, whether commercially, religiously or culturally, from a Scandinavian custom to a European inheritance. He introduced the French language and French habits, some of which had a great influence on England.

At the same time, William I also changed the previous social model based on agriculture and introduced the European feudal system, such as knights replacing the status of domestic slaves, and the status of farmers was also reduced to the serf class. In order to grasp the population and land distribution of the country, William I sent people to investigate the actual situation and economic power of the land of the nobility and yeoman farmers throughout England, and issued the land account book known as the Last Judgment.

According to the findings of the Book of Doomsday, England has a population of about 15o people, of which more than 9o% are farmers.

In order to suppress the rebellion of his eldest son, Robert II, William I himself returned to France, was wounded in Mount in July of that year, and died two months later at the convent of St. Gervais in Rouen, where his third son, William, was buried in the abbey of Saint-Etienne in Caen, Normandy.

He was fat in his later years, and when people tried to stuff him into the coffin during his burial, his body actually swelled and cracked, filling the whole church with a foul smell. And when William arrived at the cemetery and was about to be buried in the earth, a man suddenly claimed that the land belonged to him and demanded justice in front of everyone. It took sixty shillings for William's body to be buried.

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William the Conqueror's conquest, which had the greatest impact on history, was that Britain was once again drawn into the complex relationship in the heart of Europe since the time of the Roman Empire.

In the following centuries, the exchanges and collisions between the two countries became one of the main themes of political life in Western Europe. The conquest changed the course of England's history, and even the English language was changed, with a large number of new words added to the English language. He brought many new things into this island, such as the jury system, which later became its own system of English law.

William I brought the Normandy tradition of centralized rule and military statehood to England, which was a major turning point in English history. Up to this point, Britain had been the object of invasion and conquest, and from him onwards, Britain turned from defense to offense, and later wars were fought mainly on other people's land, although these two traditions were gradually diluted in later British exhibitions.

In assessing William's important influence, one should not forget that without William, the Norman conquest of England would not have been possible. William was not the natural heir to the throne. Leaving his personal abilities and ambitions, the Normans had neither reason nor ability to conquer England. England has never been invaded from France since the Romans conquered England 1oo years ago in William. In the 1o centuries after William, none of the French invasions of England were successful.

The Normandy invaders were not many in number, but they had a huge impact on British history.

For five or six hundred years before the Normans, England was repeatedly invaded by Anglo-Saxons and Scandinavians, and its culture was essentially Germanic.

Although the Normans were descendants of the Vikings of Scandinavia, their language and culture were of the French type. Thus, William's conquest of England brought English culture into close contact with French culture.

As a result, French and Anglo-Saxon cultures merged in England. Without William, this fusion would not have been born. William brought the feudalism of the time, which was advanced at the time, to England. The King of Normandy, unlike the previous kings of England, personally commanded an armed knightly army of several thousand men, a formidable army by medieval standards.

The Normans were adept at administration, making the British government the most powerful and efficient government in Europe at the time. Interestingly, William's conquest facilitated the exhibition of English. A lot of new vocabulary has been added to the English language. In fact, in modern English dictionaries, there are more words of French and Latin origin than of Anglo-Saxon origin. And, in the three or four hundred years between William's conquest of England, English grammar changed greatly, and to a large extent in the direction of simplification.

Later generations believed that today's English may not be much different from Low German and Dutch. This is the only example of a large language appearing for personal reasons.

One might mention the impact that William's conquest of England had on France. For three or four hundred years after the conquest, England and France fought a long war.

These wars can be traced directly back to William's conquest of England. Before 1o66, there was almost no war between England and France. In essence, the UK is different from all of Europe's Big 6 countries in many ways. Britain has had a profound impact on the rest of the world with its vast empire and democracy. Historians disagree with the assertion that modern democracy originated in Britain rather than in Germany. But the British culture and system were a mixture of Anglo-Saxon and Norman, and this fusion is due to William's conquest of England. It is true that in the 1oo years after William's conquest of England, there was no precious democracy in England, and this is true. But for the form of the British Empire, William's influence was particularly important.

Before 1o66, Britain was under constant foreign invasions, and after 1o66, the situation was the opposite. The reason for this was that William had established a strong central government, which was embraced by his successors. Thanks to the military force under the command of the government, Britain was never invaded by foreign nations again. On the contrary, it continued to expand overseas, which made it inevitable that Britain would get more colonies than other European countries. Of course, one cannot give all the credit to William for the later exhibitions in England.

But William's conquest was an indirect motivation for the later British exhibition. Thus, in the long run, William's influence was enormous, greater than that of later Elizabeth I and Queen Victoria.

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For Zhang Jiashi, the exploits of William the Conqueror can be said to be pivotal in Western history.

But there is no doubt that if it weren't for the fact that the people of England at that time did not have enough national cohesion, it would undoubtedly be very difficult for William, who had nothing to do with the British royal family at that time, to succeed to the throne by force.