readx;? After Shabszebf's death, Menkala's second concubine's daughter, who was also Shabsse's half-sister Khantebwes, married a nobleman named Usselkaf, who was the great-grandson of Pharaoh Khufu. Pen ~ Fun ~ Pavilion www.biquge.info After he married Shabszebf's half-sister Khant Bwes, Usselcaf was in a strong position to compete for the pharaoh of Egypt, who later established the Fifth Dynasty of Egypt.

Jedev Battah, reign: 2 years, 2467-2465 BC.

In 2467 BC, the son of Shabsesbuf, Jedev Btah, succeeded to the throne of pharaoh of Egypt.

The pyramid is a symbol of ancient Egyptian civilization and the crystallization of the wisdom of the ancient Egyptian people. However, the construction of the pyramids increased the burden on the people, consumed the manpower and financial resources of the state, exacerbated the class contradictions in the country, and weakened the strength of the absolute monarchy. Both Herodotus and Theodora recorded that the people were angry at the construction of the pyramids, and that there may have even been a popular revolt.

In 2465 BC, Jedevbtah was overthrown by a popular uprising. The king could be killed.

The Fourth Dynasty of Egypt, a total of 7 pharaohs, 146 years.

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The Egyptian Fifth Dynasty is best known for Sahura and Jedkara. The worship of Ra, the sun god, developed rapidly.

Throne Chart of the Fifth Dynasty

Usselcalf, reigned: 7 years, 2465-2458 BC.

In 2465 BC, Uselcalf ascended to the throne of pharaoh by virtue of his political position after a popular uprising. Because it was a foreign surname, it was called the Fifth Dynasty of Egypt.

The 5th Dynasty was established after a popular uprising, but the new dynasty relied more on theocratic forces to maintain its rule.

From the Fifth Dynasty onwards, due to the intensification of class contradictions, the royal power became more dependent on theocratic forces and local nobility. The pharaohs gave more and more land, labor, and other wealth to the temple and the local nobility, exempting the temple from taxes, and the local nobility and the clergy gradually strengthened. The prerogatives of the royal family to monopolize important positions in the state (prime ministers) have been broken by the growing local magnates.

Ussel Kaf was the founder of the Fifth Dynasty of Egypt and started the tradition of building the Sun Temple at Absir. His name means "Ra's soul is strong". He built the pyramids in Saqqara.

Uselkaf's wife was Queen Nefer Hoteps, possibly Sahura's mother. Queen Kantekaus I was the mother of Usselcalf. His father is not clear. He was the father of two pharaohs: Sahura and Neferir Kara Kakai. According to a papyrus story, the first three rulers of the Fifth Dynasty of ancient Egypt were brothers, all sons of Queen Kantekaus I, but scholars do not accept it.

His pyramid in Saqqara is more complex than the Fourth Dynasty structure, but on a relatively small scale. The emphasis of the structural additions was on the temple, which was more richly decorated than in the Fourth Dynasty. The temple is on the south side of the pyramid instead of the traditional east face. This is due to the increasing importance of the sun god in the south, which can also indicate that the pyramid is under the sun all day.

Sahura, reigned: 12 years, 2458-2446 BC.

Sahura means "the one who is closest to the god Ra". Sahura was the son of Queen Nefer Hotipus. His father was Usselcalf and his spouse was Queen Neferit Nebti. They have two sons, Ranefel and Neferiel Cara.

In 2458 BC, Sahura, the son of Usselcaf, succeeded to the throne as pharaoh of Egypt.

What amazed the vast majority of foreigners during Sahura's reign was its economy, not its military. Its close commercial ties with the Middle East: In a pyramid scenario, large ships travel between Egypt and the Middle East, and their timber is probably cedar from Lebanese ports.

At that time, Sahura built an Egyptian navy, which helped him conquer the lands of Punt, where he conquered a large number of mining areas for malachite and silver-gold mines. Sahura used this navy to attack local chiefs in Libya and captured a large number of livestock. In addition, he made expeditions to diorite quarries in Sinai and Nubia (required to build the pyramids).

Like most kings of the Fifth Dynasty, he built a new temple of the sun, called the Temple of Sekhtra, which means "the realm of Ra", but the location of this temple is unclear. His palace was called Uedesnes Firusahura, which means "Sahura splendidly flew straight to heaven".

His pyramid was the first in Egyptian history to be built at Absir, but it was abandoned before it was completed.

Neferiel Kara, reigned 20 years, 2446-2426 BC.

His name means "Ra's soul is beautiful". His Horus name is Usselkhau, his golden Horus name is Sekhomuneb, and his Nebti name is Khein Nebti. He and Queen Kantekaus II had two sons: Neferel Fra and Niusella, both of whom later became pharaohs.

In 2446 BC, Sahura's younger brother Neferielkala staged a coup d'état and replaced Sahura as the pharaoh of Egypt. It was he who ordered the unfinished pyramid of Sahura to be abandoned.

His pyramid, also built in Abthel, was originally designed as a 6-step pyramid 52 meters high, but was later extended to a typical pyramid form, which reached a height of 72 meters. In the end, the project was not completed and was abandoned.