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Some of the plans that Zhang Jiashi didn't say didn't mean that Chen Ping couldn't think about it. Pen ~ fun ~ pavilion www.biquge.info copy URL visit %77%77%77%2e%76%6f%64%74%77%2e%63%6f%6d

Zhang Jiashi's plan was mainly that if he resisted the invasion of the Huns this time and suffered an unprecedented defeat, then he would stay in the Guanzhong area, gather the corresponding remnants, and fight the Huns to the death again.

In fact, Zhang Jiashi himself is very helpless about such an idea, and there is even a possibility that it is the result of useless work.

And Zhang Jiashi knew that if such a situation really appeared, in fact, for the Great Qin Empire, it was just a remnant.

Because in China's history, no country that will shift its center of gravity due to abnormal factors will succeed in counterattacking.

Even in the case of the pre-Qin period, there was only one Eastern Zhou dynasty, and the situation is quite obvious.

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The first dynasty in Chinese history to move its capital under the influence of some factors was the Eastern Zhou Dynasty.

And the Western Zhou Dynasty, no matter how bad it is, it can still be regarded as the real co-master of the world, the justifiable Zhou Tianzi.

However, after King Ping of Zhou succeeded to the throne, he moved the capital east to Luoyi, and it was announced that the Zhou royal family had officially embarked on a path of decline:

When the king of Zhou You, he abolished Empress Shen and the prince Yijiu, and set up his favored Bao Xi as the queen, and Bofu as the prince. In 771 B.C., Shenhou, the father of Empress Shen, colluded with Dog Rong to attack Hojing. King Zhou You lit a beacon fire to ask for help, and the princes ignored it because they had been played by the beacon fire before. King You of Zhou was finally killed in Lishan, and the Western Zhou perished. Later, the princes supported the crown prince Yijiu as the king, and he was the king of Zhou Ping. Because the capital was damaged by an earthquake in Haojing, dilapidated, and close to the threat of external disasters such as Rong and Di, King Ping moved the capital to Luoyi in the second year after his accession to the throne (770 BC), under the protection of the princes of Zheng, Qin, and Jin, and began the history of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty.

The eastward migration of King Ping is an important event in the division of time periods by historians, and it is also a turning point in the state of the Zhou Dynasty. The Zhou Dynasty after King Ping moved the capital was called the Eastern Zhou, and the period from the founding of King Wu of Zhou to the killing of King You of Zhou was called Western Zhou. After King Ping moved eastward, Zhou Tianzi's royal power began to decline, and he could not assume the responsibility of the co-master, and the power of the princes continued to grow. Because King Ping was established by the Marquis of Shen, he indirectly committed the crime of killing his father, and he began to lose the respect of the princes. Moreover, Zhou Tianzi was unable to protect himself and resist foreign invasions, and had to rely on the protection of vassal states, which led to the continuous decline of Zhou Tianzi's status, and finally formed a situation of competing for hegemony in the Spring and Autumn Period.

King Zhou Ping moved his capital to Luoyi, and the Eastern Zhou Dynasty began, of which King Zhou Ping ruled for 50 years. The Eastern Zhou Dynasty was the period when the Zhou royal family gradually declined and finally fell into the kingdom. At this time, the "Wangji" directly under the Son of Heaven was gradually narrowed under the continuous encroachment of Rong Di, and in the end, only a radius of 200 kilometers around Chengzhou remained, that is, the territory near Luoyang.

At the same time, the power of the Son of Heaven to control the princes and the military power he directly possessed were also gradually lost. In the twelfth year of King Huan of Zhou (708 BC), King Huan of Zhou led an army to crusade against the unruly Zheng State, and Zheng Bo not only dared to lead his troops to resist, but also defeated Wang Shi, and shot an arrow in the shoulder of King Zhou. This shows that at this time, the status of King Zhou has seriously declined, but he still retains the false name of the co-ruler of the world. The Son of Heaven, in the name of "co-master", still has appeal. Therefore, some vassal states, which have gradually become powerful with the development of local economies, have taken advantage of the banner of the royal family to "coerce the Son of Heaven to order the princes" and actively develop their own power.

In 367 B.C., there was a power struggle for the Zhou royal family, and the Eastern Zhou Dynasty was divided into two parts, the Eastern Zhou Dynasty (or Western Zhou Jun) in Henan (now Luoyang), and the Eastern Zhou Duke (or Eastern Zhou Jun) in Gong (now Gongyi). Later, they were destroyed by Qin.

Among them, in this historical development, there are three more famous corresponding events, these three events are: "The Battle of Xiangge", "The Overlord of the Spring and Autumn Period" and the official defeat of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty by the Qin State:

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The cause of the battle was that in 719 BC (the first year of King Huan of Zhou), after King Huan of Zhou succeeded to the throne, he wanted to hand over the power of the government to Duke Lin's father, and after Zheng Zhuang Gong learned about it, he sent troops to cut the wheat of Wendi (now Wen County, Henan Province) and the rice of Chengzhou (now east of Luoyang City, Henan Province), which made the contradiction between Zhou and Zheng more acute.

In 715 B.C. (the fifth year of King Huan of Zhou), King Huan of Zhou appointed Duke Lin as the right secretary to divide the power of Duke Zheng Zhuang. In 707 BC (the thirteenth year of King Huan of Zhou), King Huan of Zhou dismissed Duke Zheng Zhuang from his post as Zuo Qingshi, and Duke Zheng Zhuang refused to make a pilgrimage to King Huan of Zhou. In the autumn of the same year, in order to maintain the dignity of the royal family, King Huan of Zhou personally led the royal division and requisitioned the armies of Chen, Cai, and Wei to jointly attack Zheng State, and Zheng Zhuang Gong led his army to meet the Zhou coalition army in Yuge (now north of Changge City, Henan Province).

Before the war, the deployment of the Zhou coalition army was as follows: the right army and the subordinate Cai and Wei armies were commanded by the father of Yu Gong Lin, the left army and the subordinate Chen army were commanded by the Duke of Zhou's black shoulder, and the king of Zhou Huan personally commanded the Chinese army composed of the main forces of the Zhou army and was the commander of the three armies.

In view of the situation and characteristics of the Zhou coalition army, Zheng Zhuang Gong adopted the suggestion of Zheng Dafu Ziyuan (Gongzi Tu): Chen's army had no fighting spirit due to domestic turmoil, and Cai and Wei's combat effectiveness was not strong, so they first attacked the weak parts of the two wings of the Zhou coalition army, causing confusion and defeat of the left and right armies of Zhou, and then concentrated forces to attack the central Zhou army.

Zheng Zhuang Gong ordered Dafu Manbo (Gongzi Hu) to lead the first army as a square army formation on the right flank to attack the left flank of the Zhou army; Dafu Saizu led the first army to attack the right flank of the Zhou army; Dafu Yuan Fan and Gao Qu Bridging led the first army to be the middle army, which was arranged in the middle of the two phalanxes on the left and right with Zheng Zhuang Gong, and then attacked with the camera.

Zheng Zhuanggong also adopted Gao Qumi's suggestion: to change the traditional battle formation of chariot battles, and to disperse the subordinate apprentices who are usually deployed behind the chariots in units (five people) to the left, right, and rear of each chariot, so as to fill the gap between the chariot and the workshop, and form a "Yuli Array" in which the apprentices and chariots cover each other, closely coordinate, and attack and defend freely.

After the start of the war, the Zheng army took the initiative to launch a fierce attack on the Zhou coalition army in accordance with the established combat deployment, and Zheng Zhuanggong ordered the Chinese army: "When you see the flag, you will beat the drum, and after the drum, you will advance."

Zheng Dafu Manbo commanded the Zheng Right Army phalanx to attack Chen's army on the left flank of the Zhou Chamber coalition army first. Chen's army collapsed at the first touch, fled the battlefield, and the left flank of the Zhou coalition army collapsed. At the same time, Sai Zhong also commanded the left phalanx of the Zheng army to attack the right wing of the Zhou troops where the Cai and Wei armies were located. The mid-week army was disturbed by the rout, and the formation was suddenly in chaos. Seeing this, Zheng Zhuang Gong immediately waved his flag and commanded the original Chinese army to launch an attack on the Zhou Zhong army. The two squares of Zheng on the left and right under the command of Sai Zhong and Manbo respectively also took advantage of the situation to attack the Zhou Zhong army. The Zhou Zhong army, which had lost the cover and coordination of the left and right flanks, could not resist the combined attack of Zheng San's army, and retreated in defeat, and King Zhou Huan himself was wounded by arrows and was forced to order out of the battle.

The Battle of Xiangge discredited Zhou Tianzi, and the tradition that only Zhou Tianzi had the power to make ceremonial music and issue conquest orders disappeared. Following the Zheng state, the great powers of Qi, Jin, Chu, and Qin rose successively. The princes competed for hegemony, the Zhou royal family was unable to conquer, and the position of the Son of Heaven was in vain.

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The overlord of the Spring and Autumn Period was mainly a manifestation of the strong national strength of the alliance of princes.

And the title of overlord originated from Qi Huan's hegemony:

In the summer of the thirty-fifth year of the reign of Duke Huan (651 BC), the princes of the Duke of Huan were in Kuiqiu (now Minquan, Henan). King Xiang of Zhou sent Zai Kong to give Huan Gongwen Wu Yan, Tong bow and arrow, and Dalu (the car of the princes' court clothes), and did not want Duke Huan to bow down and receive gifts. Huan Gong wanted not to worship, Guan Zhong said: "No." So Duke Huan still bowed down to receive the gift.

In the autumn, he and the princes met in Kuiqiu, and Zhou sent Zaikong to participate. Duke Huan became more and more proud, and the princes had many betrayals. Zai Kong said to the Marquis of Jin: "Duke Qi Huan is too proud. "In this year, Jin Xiangong died, civil strife broke out in the Jin Kingdom, Qin Mugong's son Yiwu was the king of Jin, and Duke Huan also sent troops to quell the chaos. At this time, the Zhou Dynasty was in decline, and only Qi, Jin, Chu, and Qin were strong.

The Jin Dynasty was in turmoil, the Qin State was remote, the King of Chu regarded himself as a barbarian, and the Duke of Qi Huan became the overlord of the Central Plains. Huan Gong said: "The widow went south to Zhaoling and saw Xiong Mountain. The Northern Expedition is mountainous, branched, and lone bamboo. The Western Expedition to Great Xia went deep into the quicksand. Climb the Taihang Mountain and return to the Beier Mountain. Do not disobey the widows. I have united the princes three times to send troops, and six times I have allied with the princes to determine the position of the crown prince. Saying that the three kings were great in the past, am I any different from them now? I want to enshrine Zen in Mount Tai. ”

In fact, from the time when Qi Huan Gong thought about Taishan Feng Zen, in fact, the heart of not being subordinate was clearly revealed.

If it weren't for Guan Zhong's admonition, I am afraid that after the Duke of Qi Huan sealed Mount Tai, he would even take advantage of the situation to replace the Zhou royal family.

In addition to the fact that the appearance of the overlord seriously weakened the actual authority of Zhou Tianzi, the reputation of the Zhou royal family was once again discredited, and there was also the matter of "winning the Central Plains".

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Winning the Central Plains, from an allusion in "Zuo's Spring and Autumn":

In the third year of Lu Xuangong (606 B.C.), Chu Zi (King of Chu Zhuang) attacked Lu Hun's Rong, and then went to Luo (now Luoyang City, Henan Province), and watched the army in Zhoujiang. The king made the king and grandson full of Chuzi, and the size of Chuzi was important, and he said: In Germany is not in Ding. In the past summer, there are virtues, distant pictures, tribute and gold and nine pastures. Cast the elephant thing, prepare all kinds of things, so that the people know the traitor. The old people enter the mountains and forests of Sichuanze, and they are not as good as they are, and they are not able to meet them. Use energy to cooperate up and down, in order to bear the day. There is virtue, Ding moved to Shang, carrying worship (worship, year) 600. Shang is tyrannical, Ding moved to Zhou, Lourdes Xiuming, although small, heavy. Its treacherous back (sound evil) is chaotic, although it is big, it is light. Tianzuo Mingde, there is a (sound) stop. Cheng Wang Dingding in Jiajun (now Luoyang City), Bu Shi 30, Bu 700, God also ordained. Although Zhou De declined, the mandate of heaven has not changed. The weight of the tripod is not to be asked.

This allusion clearly states that the Zhou royal family has no need to exist at this time, if it weren't for Wang Sun's eloquence and persuasion of King Chuzhuang, I'm afraid that Chu State would not mind destroying the Zhou royal family, and then transporting Jiuding back to Yingdu.

In fact, the use value of the Zhou royal family at this time has become smaller and smaller, and after the three families are divided, it can be said that the use value of the name of Zhou Tianzi is almost better than nothing:

"Three families divided into Jin" refers to the year 403 BC, when the Han, Zhao, and Wei families sent envoys to Luoyi to meet King Weilie of Zhou, asking Zhou Tianzi to make the three of them princes. King Zhou Weilie thought that it was useless not to admit it, it was better to be a favor, and officially made the three families princes. After that, Han (the capital was in present-day Yuxian County, Henan, and later moved to Xinzheng, Henan), Zhao (the capital was in the southeast of present-day Taiyuan, Shanxi, and later moved to Handan, Hebei), and Wei (the capital was in the northwest of present-day Xia County, Shanxi, and later moved to Kaifeng, Henan) all became major powers in the Central Plains, plus the four great powers of Qin, Qi, Chu, and Yan, and were known as the "Seven Heroes of the Warring States" in history.

And when the three families were divided, the Jin Kingdom did not actually perish:

In 438 BC, the Duke of Jin Ai died, and the Duke of Jin Yougong ascended the throne. Han, Zhao, and Wei divided the remaining land of the Jin Kingdom, and only Jiang and Quwo were left to the Duke of Yougong of Jin. From then on, Han, Zhao, and Wei were called the Three Jins.

Zhao Huanzi died a year later, and the people of the Zhao family killed his son and welcomed Zhao Huan to the throne as a son for Zhao. Xianzi's son Zhao Ji later succeeded to the throne, that is, Zhao Liehou. Wei Huanzi was succeeded by his grandson Wei Si, Han Kangzi was succeeded by his son Wuzi, and Han Wuzi was succeeded by his son Han Qian. This is the dividing point between the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period.

In 375 BC, the three families of Han, Zhao and Wei divided the remaining land of the Marquis of Jin, and the Jin Kingdom was completely destroyed.

As for the existence of Zhou Tianzi, no one really cares about it, mainly after the "Five Kingdoms Prime Minister".

In the early Warring States period, among the vassal states, only the Chu State, the Yue State and the later Wei State were arrogantly king. In 334 BC, King Hui of Wei was repeatedly defeated by Qi and Qin, and lost his hegemony, in order to curb the expansion of Qin, under the planning of Hui Shi, he took the initiative to lead the monarchs of Korea and other countries to Xu to meet King Qi Wei, and the two sides recognized each other's thrones, and was known as King Xuzhou in history.

The prime minister of Xuzhou aroused the hostility of traditional powers such as Qin and Chu. The state of Chu immediately sent troops to attack Xuzhou of the state of Qi, hoping that the state of Qi would cancel the title of king. In 325 BC, King Huiwen of Qin also established himself as king, and in the same year, King Hui of Wei honored King Xuanhui of Han as king. At one time, all countries, large and small, claimed to be kings, including second-rate countries such as Zhongshan and Song. In 323 BCE, under the mediation of Gongsun Yan, Wei, Han, Zhao, Yan, and Zhongshan formed an alliance, and the kings of each country were all kings to fight against the great powers of Qin, Qi, and Chu. Qi was dissatisfied with the title of the king of Zhongshan, and tried to unite the kingdoms of Yan and Zhao to attack the kingdom of Zhongshan in order to force it to go to the king's title.

Among the countries, King Wuling of Zhao is the only one who believes that Zhao does not actually have the strength to be king, so he does not use the title of king in China, but only calls him "Jun".

Before the "Five Kingdoms Prime Minister", Chu had already claimed himself king as early as the Spring and Autumn Period, and Qi and Qin also claimed to be kings first, so the seven major countries of the Warring States had all claimed kings by this time. Five years after the "Five Kingdoms Prime Minister" (318 BC), the Song State also proclaimed itself king.

The "Five Kingdoms Minister" was a great victory for Wei, and Qi was worried that Wei would be detrimental to their own country with this alliance, so they sabotaged it. Under the pretext that Zhongshan National Elementary School did not recognize the qualifications to be kings, it proposed to unite Zhao and Wei to abolish the Zhongshan Wang. Zhao and Wei did not have the people of Qi, and still supported Zhongshan as king. Qi failed to make a plan, so he made another plan to close the passage to and from Zhongshan, and proposed to cut the level to Yan and Zhao, so that they could send troops to attack Zhongshan together. Yan and Zhao also did not listen to Qi Guo's plan. The state of Qi sabotaged the alliance formed by the "Prime Ministers of the Five Kingdoms" and finally failed.

Zhongshan was a medium-sized country at that time, and the reason why Qi opposed Zhongshan to claim the throne was "I am the country of ten thousand times, and the country of Zhongshan is also the country of a thousand times, why should I be named after me?"

Later, the Song Kingdom, which became king, was also a second-class state. The fact that such second-class countries have been crowned kings shows that the influence of Zhou Tianzi in the vassal states has existed in name only. (To be continued.) )

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