readx;? On December 15, 202 BC, in the main house of Zhang Jiashi's mansion in Shuangyueyi, a considerable part of Zhang Jiashi's civil and military forces gathered. Pen × fun × Pavilion www. ｂｉｑｕｇｅ。 ｉｎｆｏ

The appearance of these people shows that Zhang Jiashi intends to discuss with these people the arrangements for fighting the Huns and the influence that the Huns can bring to them under this premise.

Under the leadership of the high-level civil and military officials, including Chen Ping and Han Xin, the high-level civil and military officials of the Great Qin Empire, who were summoned to this place to participate in the meeting, saluted Zhang Jiashi, who was wearing a royal robe and crown:

"The ministers come to see the king, and I wish the Great Qin Empire thousands of generations. ”

Regarding these words of his subordinate Wenwu, Zhang Jiashi did not make more politeness, but said: "Everyone, please sit down." After that, he said a word to the civil and military forces who were seated one after another: "According to quite reliable information, it is very likely that the Huns will launch a large-scale attack on our Great Qin Empire at the beginning of spring next year. The main purpose of this summons is to let you discuss this situation. ”

Hearing Zhang Jiashi's words, Chen Ping, as the prime minister of the empire, naturally knew such a situation. This is not to say that Chen Ping took it upon himself to find out about this matter, but before summoning these people to gather in his mansion, Zhang Jiashi had a relatively brief meeting with the high-level cultural relics in the imperial center of the Xianyang region on this matter.

The result of that meeting did not actually reach a conclusion that could completely satisfy Zhang Jiashi, because most of the civil and military forces, including Chen Ping, believed that if a full-scale war with the Xiongnu really broke out in the spring of next year, then at least in the area around the river or in the territory of the Great Qin Empire to the north, there would inevitably be an irreparable delay in spring ploughing. Because even if the large army under their command could resist the southward offensive of the Huns as much as possible along the line of the Great Wall, in many ways, especially the requisition of people to transfer military rations from the area south of the river and the mobilization of county troops in non-combat areas to support, it was enough to affect the operation of spring ploughing.

Zhang Jiashi knows very well that Chen Ping's views are not made out of nothing, but a speculation that is most in line with the situation. But he had to think about one point, that is, if a long war really broke out with the Huns, it would have a fundamental impact on the national strength of the Great Qin Empire, which was not very rich, and what Zhang Jiashi wanted was to minimize the area of this influence.

It's a pity that in a sense, even Chen Ping has to think that Zhang Jiashi's idea is more wishful thinking, the Huns are going south, and it is unknown who will kill the deer, let alone want to maintain the recovery and development of the country in this case?

Therefore, Chen Ping could only shake his head silently, indicating that he was not optimistic about Zhang Jiashi's idea at all.

And Zhang Jiashi actually knew that his idea was too good, but what he hoped for was not to plunge the Great Qin Empire into decline again or even break out again because of the war, so he would not give up this idea if there was still some hope for this idea.

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And most of the civil and military officials of the Great Qin Empire who were recruited without knowing the situation had to show that they were very stunned by Zhang Jiashi's words.

Because they themselves knew that people, including Zhang Jiashi, were preparing for a large-scale invasion by the Huns. But what they themselves didn't expect was that Zhang Jiashi would say when the Huns were likely to go south.

And after these people thought about it for a while, they then understood why Zhang Jiashi suddenly summoned them at this time. Because the time for the Huns to go south was just at the beginning of spring.

By virtue of this alone, these people know that this is indeed a situation that cannot be overlooked.

Because they knew that if the Xiongnu went south at the beginning of spring, the impact would be quite huge, especially for the border counties in the north and the corresponding arrangements.

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In later generations, the beginning of spring was a custom of the Han people. In the north, it is called receiving God. Fujian, Taiwan and other places are the most popular. The day is the first day of the first month of the summer calendar, but the time varies from year to year. According to the imperial calendar, the Han folk broke the cadres and branches of the year, which were roughly before dawn. The spring breeze wakes up all things, full of vitality, the human body corresponds to nature, the metabolism of the whole body is becoming more and more vigorous, and the function is becoming more and more active. For this reason, spring health care should also adapt to this characteristic. The theory of traditional Chinese medicine is known as "the spring atmosphere is in season, and the spring qi is through the liver", which guides us to adapt to the climate and adjust clothing, food, housing and transportation in spring.

The impact of the beginning of spring on agriculture can be summarized in the following aspects:

Planting of fruit trees:

Spring pruning of fruit trees is a supplement and improvement of winter pruning, which is generally carried out when the flower buds can be clearly identified after the fruit tree has budded, and it is best to complete it before the flower buds expand. Fruit trees should be pruned in spring to prune adult trees, weak trees or varieties with early flowering, and then prune young trees, strong trees and varieties with late flowering. Spring pruning of fruit trees depends on the variety, age and vigor of the tree.

For large trees in the peak fruiting period, it is necessary to select the flower buds with full and many leaves, remove the flower buds with thin and few leaves, and prune the branch group according to the ratio of 3:1 between the growing branches and the fruiting branches, so that the load is more reasonable.

For large trees with a large number of flowers, it is necessary to properly thin out weak branches and weak buds, leave more strong branches and strong buds, renew senescent and overly dense branches, appropriately truncate medium and long branches, and retain no less than 1/3 of fruit branches; For young trees, in addition to the normal stubbing of the backbone branches, the rest of the branches should be as long as possible, less stubbing, so as to promote the development of short branches, and thin dense branches and long branches. At the same time, for the side branches or other upright branches, the angle should be opened by means of stick bracing and rope pulling.

Livestock breeding:

1. Keeping warm in early spring: the temperature rises in spring, especially before and after "Qingming", the temperature will reach more than 8~10C, but the temperature difference between day and night is large, and farmers should pay attention to keeping warm. Do not dismantle the heating equipment in the enclosure too early, and keep the windshield curtains and plastic film at least until the average temperature is above 10C, especially at night to prevent cold invasion.

2. Disinfection of enclosures: After the temperature rises, livestock and poultry manure will ferment rapidly, and doors and windows should be opened in time to remove the dirty gas in the house. After the "sting" to before the "spring equinox", free-range farmers should remove the manure and bedding in the enclosure in time, and carry out a clean and thorough disinfection treatment of the enclosure. Repair the idle breeding places in a timely manner, clean the roof, clean the ground, paint the walls, fumigate and disinfect the air in the house, use 30 ml of formalin and 15 grams of ******** per cubic meter of space, and open the doors and windows for ventilation after 12 hours of sealing.

3. Supplemental nutrition: lack of green feed in spring, and at this time livestock begin to shed their hair, and the keratotic layer on the surface of the skin also begins to fall off, so it is urgent to supplement amino acids, vitamins and minerals, therefore, attention should be paid to adding high-quality silage, germinated feed and carrots, green radish, Chinese cabbage, pumpkin, etc., to supplement nutrition and regulate gastrointestinal function. After the "Qingming", dandelions, bitter herbs, plantain and other wild vegetables began to sprout, and wild vegetables were collected to feed livestock and poultry, which could not only save feed, supplement nutrition, but also prevent diseases. Feeding lactating female rabbits with bitter herbs and dandelions has a particularly high milk yield. After the "valley rain", the rain has increased significantly, and the winter silage is easy to mold and deteriorate, and the palatability becomes poor, so it is necessary to check frequently, turn over and dry, and feed cattle and sheep and other herbivores, should pay attention to cutting short feed and supplementing salt. Before and after the "beginning of summer", the wild jujube on the mountain grows tender green leaf buds, which can be harvested and fed to sheep, which can significantly accelerate the renewal of goat coat, and cooperate with goat fleece, which can increase economic benefits.

Fourth, do a good job in spring breeding: spring is a good period for meat pigeons to lay eggs, hatching, brooding, should pay attention to observation, supplement nutrition, do a good job in the training and induction of primary breeding pigeons. In spring hatching and brooding, it is necessary to deal with the relationship between temperature, humidity, light, and ventilation, especially for eggs and poultry, and it is necessary to control the light; in raising spring lambs, spring calves, and spring cubs, the primary problem is to keep warm, and the second is to do a good job in hygiene, including environmental sanitation, feed hygiene, and drinking water hygiene, so as to prevent diarrhea and enteritis. Spring is the season of estrus for cattle, sheep, pigs and other animals, we should pay attention to observe the estrus performance of animals, ensure timely breeding and conception, and supplement minerals and vitamins to breeding animals before and after breeding.

Fifth, the prevention of disease: the spring is most prone to influenza, pay attention to prevention, the common method is to carry out air disinfection, can spray peracetic acid or fumigation vinegar; to prevent rabbit influenza, garlic slices can be added to the feed; to prevent poultry influenza, should be injected with avian influenza vaccine in advance. In late spring and early summer, swine fever, swine asthma, swine infectious gastroenteritis, swine colibacterosis, bovine epidemic fever, bovine malignant catarrhal fever, sheep infectious stomatitis, chicken Newcastle disease, chicken infectious bronchitis, chicken infectious laryngotracheitis, chicken pox, rabbit plague and other diseases are frequent, and vaccination should be done in advance. For grazing herbivores for the first time, it is necessary to limit the time to prevent convulsions caused by overeating too much young grass.

Wheat control:

After the beginning of spring, there is generally a lot of rain, and if the drainage is not smooth, the soil moisture is too large, and it is very easy to cause staining. The ditch should be cleared and drained in time, and grass ash should be sprinkled between the rows to loosen the soil and increase soil permeability.

Anti-lodging and lodging have a great impact on wheat yield, and the anti-lodging work should be done as soon as possible. The measures are as follows: the plots with lodging tendency are found at the seedling stage, and the wheat is deeply cultivated and suppressed before jointing, and in the early stage of wheat jointing, after the dew is dried on a sunny day, the concentration of 0.2%~0.4% mequat solution is sprayed.

After heading of premature senescence wheat, the growth of roots, stems and leaves basically stopped, the growth center shifted to the panicle, and the organic nutrients manufactured and stored in the stems and leaves were continuously transported to the grains. During this period, often due to the lack of fertilizer to make the leaves senescent prematurely, resulting in the decline of 1000-grain weight and reduce the yield, so fertilizer should be supplemented in time, usually using foliar spraying, in the wheat booting to the early stage of grain filling, foliar spraying of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer, in order to supplement the lack of soil nutrients, prolong the functional period of leaves. The method is: spray with 0.2%~0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate plus 1% urea, spray once every 10 days, spray 2~3 times in a row, and spray once when the leaves are out of the better effect. The best time to spray fertilizer is in the evening, not to spray under the scorching sun around noon, if it rains within 8 hours after spraying, it should be sprayed.

The middle and late stages of wheat are the high incidence periods of scab, rust, sheath blight, mealworms and aphids, which have a great impact on yield and quality, and should be controlled as soon as possible.

In early spring, when the pond water temperature is stable at 8C~10C, fertilizer is applied to cultivate natural bait in the water. The amount of fertilizer should be determined according to the water quality, fertilizer and fertilizer quality, generally 60~90 kg of human manure per mu, or 100~150 kg of animal manure. If chemical fertilizer is used, the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 1:1:0.5, and the total dosage per mu is 3~7 kg at the time of topdressing, and the interval between each topdressing is 5~10 days. The water quality should be yellow-brown or yellow-green in the pool water, and the transparency should be about 30 cm.

When the water temperature reaches 10C, the fish begin to feed and grow. In early spring, the feeding should be based on soybean cake, bran, corn flour and other concentrate feeds, and the fixed point and timing should be fed once a day, and the amount of each feeding should be 1.5%~3% of the fish weight. Later, as the water temperature increased, the number of feedings was gradually increased, and the feeding was changed to 2 times a day. At the same time, the pond where the main grass carp is raised should be fed with an appropriate amount of aquatic and land grasses, and the feeding amount should be eaten in 4~6 hours.

In early spring, due to the low water temperature, the fish body is small, and the activity and food intake is small, so the pool water should not be too deep. As the water temperature rises, the fish body increases, and the water level gradually deepens. In early spring, it is best to change the water 1 time, and change 1/2 of the water volume of the whole pool. After that, water is injected once every 15 days, and the water level is increased by 10~15 cm each time, and the pond water level is kept at about 1 meter in March ~ April.

It is necessary to insist on patrolling the pond every morning and evening, check the water quality, and determine the amount of fertilizer and feeding. Salvage the residual food in time, keep the pool water clean, and prohibit feeding spoiled feed. Regularly carry out drugs to prevent fish diseases, and splash the whole pool alternately with 1x10-6 bleaching powder and 0.7x10-6 copper sulfate aqueous solution every 15 days, and if fish diseases are found, they should be diagnosed and treated in time.

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In "Lü's Spring and Autumn", there is also a volume of "Kaichun", which shows that ancient people attached great importance to Kaichun:

One said: At the beginning of spring, the thunder will sting insects. When the rain falls, the plants and trees are cultivated. If the diet and residence are suitable, the nine knots, hundreds of joints and thousands of veins will be beneficial. The king is virtuous, accumulates goodness, and the Fenghuang saints are all here.

Gongbo and Xiu Qi Xing, good and virtuous, and the sea has always been a good thing. Zhou Li's difficulty, the Son of Heaven is desperate, and the world is called it. With the correspondence of words and things, it is said that actions are also successful. The same is true for the good speakers. If you are reasonable, you will gain or lose, how can you say it for one person!

King Wei Hui died, and he was buried. Heavy rain and snow, as far as the cow eyes. The ministers advised the prince a lot, saying: "If the snow is like this and the burial is carried out, the people will be very sick, and the official fee may not be paid, so please relax for a longer time." The prince said: "Those who are sons of men, for the sake of people's labor and official expenses, do not carry out the burial of the first king, it is unjust." Don't say anything more. "The ministers did not dare to admonish, but to sue the rhinoceros. The rhinoceros said, "I have something to say." It is only Hui Gonghu! Please sue Hui Gong. Hui Gong said: "No." When he saw the prince, he said, "Is there a day to be buried?" and the prince said: "Yes." Hui Gong said: "The former king Ji Li was buried at the end of the vortex mountain, {Yishui} water gnawed at his tomb, see the coffin before and." King Wen said: "Hey, the first king will want to see the ministers and the people as soon as they see it, so he will see it." ’

So he came out and did it, and the people saw it, and he was buried three days later. The righteousness of the king of this article is also. There is a day to bury today, and the snow is very heavy, and it is difficult to walk. For the sake of the future, the prince has no suspicion of wanting to be buried? The first king wanted to stay less and Fu Sheji'an Qianshou also, so the rain and snow were very heavy. Because of the relaxation period and more days, the righteousness of the king of this article is also. If you don't do this, will you be ashamed of the king of Fawen?" the prince said: "Very good." During the relaxation period, the funeral day is chosen. ”

Huizi did not say anything in vain, and made the prince of Wei not bury his ancestor because he said the righteousness of King Wen. Saying that King Wen's righteousness is to show the world, is it not a small achievement! The new city of Han's city was completed in 15 days. Duan Qiao was commonplace, and two days after a county, Duan Qiao was imprisoned as his officials. The son of the prisoner went to the son of man and said: If you can live the death of your father, I am willing to entrust Mr. Feng Renzi Gao said: "No." "See Duan Qiao. Climb to the city on your own. Feng Renzi looked left and right and said: "Beautiful city! A great achievement, the son will have a great reward! From ancient times to the present, if the merit is so great, and those who can kill without guilt have not tasted it." ”

The son of the seal is high, and Duan Qiao makes people untie the shackles of his officials at night. Therefore, it is said that the son of man is high for his words, and he hides his own actions and acts, and Duan Qiao listens to and acts, and hides his own deeds and acts. If the line is like this, Feng Renzi Gao can be said to be good at talking. Uncle Xiang's brother is good at Luan Ying. Luan Ying is guilty of Jin, Jin punishes the sheep-tongued tiger, and Shu Xiang is a slave. Qi Xi said: "I heard that the villain is in the position, and it is not against the foregoing, and the gentleman is worried, and it is ominous if he does not save him." He went to see Fan Xuanzi and said, "Those who are good for the country will not be rewarded but punished." If you reward you, you will be afraid of the adulterer, and if you are slow to punish you, you will be afraid of the gentleman. It is better to reward the adulterer than to punish the gentleman than to pass by misfortune. Therefore, Yao's punishment is also killed, and Yu Yu is used; Zhou's punishment is also killed, and Zhou Gong: not slow punishment. "Xuanzi is an order to go out of the uncle. The patient who saves people will not avoid the danger and humiliation, and he will pray for the virtue of the previous king, and the uncle will be spared. How can you just learn?

However, these experiences of later generations are basically irrelevant to the current Great Qin Empire, and the things that these officials in the border counties are concerned about are mainly three points:

The first point: the arrangement of the people of Tuntian.

The second point: preparations for the invasion of the Huns.

The third point: how much impact the war will have on the border counties.