If a country surrenders without even defending its capital, it is quite humiliating for the country, and even for the ruler of this time.

However, this is not uncommon in history.

Just like the history without Zhang Jiashi's travel, the third emperor of the Qin Empire, Ying Ziying, finally chose to sacrifice Xianyang City without resistance under the front of Liu Bangjun's troops. This incident is undoubtedly the most humiliating history of the Qin Empire. It can also be regarded as a precedent for creating a dynasty ending.

And with this precedent, in terms of the development of Chinese history, although it is not common to sacrifice the capital without resistance, it is not only the precedent of Ying Ziying.

This scene also appeared in the Southern Song Dynasty.

......

And the person who created this is the famous minister Boyan of the Yuan Dynasty, who was both civil and military.

Boyan, a native of Mongolia's eight neighbors. General of the Yuan Dynasty. Great-grandfather Shulu Getu and Zu Azhu made meritorious contributions to the battle from Genghis Khan, and sealed the eight neighboring departments of the left thousand households and judges.

Boyan was a young man in the Ilkhanate. In the early years of the Yuan Dynasty, he was ordered by Yil Khan Hulegu to enter the court, and was appreciated by Kublai Khan, the ancestor of the Yuan dynasty. In the eleventh year of the Yuan Dynasty, he commanded the army to attack the Southern Song Dynasty.

After the fall of the Southern Song Dynasty, he went out of the town and Lin, and the kings rebelled. After the death of Kublai Khan, he was ordered to support Yuan Chengzong Timur to ascend the throne, and added Taifu and recorded important military affairs. He died of illness in December of the 31st year of the Yuan Dynasty at the age of 59. Tired of giving Xuanzhong Zuo the order to Kaiji Yi Dai Gongchen, Taishi, Kaifu Yi and the three divisions, chasing the King of Huai, nicknamed "Zhongwu".

Boyan was good at writing poems and essays, and was a famous politician and military strategist in the Yuan Dynasty. Unified 200,000 troops to defeat the Song Dynasty, such as unifying people. Success is still in the court, the mouth is not spoken, and the bag is only carried with the quilt. He is wise and ignorant, understands the righteousness, uses soldiers to strategize, and is superb. In terms of leading troops, employing troops, and managing the army, there are all commendable points for soldiers.

In the twelfth year of the Yuan Dynasty, after the Yuan army captured Jiankang, Zhenjiang and other important towns, Kublai Khan, the ancestor of the Yuan dynasty, redeployed the war to destroy the Song Dynasty.

In October, Boyan divided his troops into three southern attacks in Zhenjiang: Arakhan, who participated in the government, was the right route army, and led the infantry and cavalry from Jiankang to attack Dusong Pass through Liyang and Guangde; Dong Wenbing, the governor of the same department, was the left route army, and led the boat division to Luopu (now Haiyannan, Zhejiang) by sea through Jiangyin and Xupu; Boyan and Atahai, the governor of the same department, led the water, infantry, and cavalry armies of the middle road to Changzhou and Pingjiang, and controlled the armies and joined the army in Lin'an. Atahai led the army to attack Changzhou in the middle road, and Song Zhizhou Yao Zhi and Tongju Chen Zhi worked together to hold on. Song Ting learned that Changzhou was in danger, and sent Huai general Zhang Quan to lead 2,000 troops to rescue, and Wen Tianxiang, Zhipingjiang Prefecture, also sent Yin Yu, Ma Shilong and others to lead 3,000 troops to accompany Zhang Quan to help.

On the 26th, Ma Shilong was equal to Yuqiao and died. Yin Yubu fought with the Yuan army and killed more than 1,000 people, but Zhang Quan did not help across the river and was defeated. Yin Yu collected the remnants of 500 people and fought fiercely with the Yuan army in Wumu for a day and night, only a few escaped, and the rest were all killed. The Arakhan army on the right road of Yuan set out from Jiankang, successively conquered Lishui, Liyang, broke Yinshu and Dongba, captured Zhao Huai, the Song guard, entered Huya Mountain and defeated the Song reinforcements, and took advantage of the victory to capture Guangde, Si'an Town and other places. On the left, Dong Wenbing's army occupied Jiangyin. The Song court was terrified, and urgently recruited Lin'an people over the age of fifteen as soldiers, and at the same time transferred Wen Tianxiang's army from Pingjiang to defend Lin'an.

On November 16, Boyan led his army to Changzhou and besieged the city with Atahai. Surrender should not be, Boyan ordered to transport soil to build a fortress and the city, put artillery on it, and attacked the city for two days and nights, Yao Jing and Chen Zhi died in battle, and Boyan slaughtered the people of the city. Changzhou was lost, and the Song defenders of Wuxi and Pingjiang surrendered without a fight. On the 23rd, the Arakhan army captured Dusong Pass, and the nearby defenders fled. On the fifth day of December, Dong Wenbing's army entered and occupied Xupu. On the 27th, Boyan sent Fan Wenhu, the governor of Zhejiang and Zhejiang, together with the Arakhan army, to attack Anji Prefecture, and broke the city in three days of fierce fighting.

On the eighteenth day of the first month of the thirteenth year of the Yuan Dynasty, the three-way Yuan army met Gaoting Mountain and approached Lin'an City. Wen Tianxiang of Lin'an Mansion and Zhang Shijie, deputy envoy of Zhexi Prefecture, invited the Empress Dowager, Empress Dowager, and Emperor to go out to sea and lead the army to fight against the city. The Empress Dowager Xie Daoqing did not allow it, and sent an envoy to pass on the national seal and surrender to the Yuan army. Yang Zhen and others supported King Yi and King Guang into Fujian, and Zhang Shijie and others led their troops to the south to continue to resist the Yuan. On the fifth day of the second month, Emperor Zhao Xian of Song Gong led hundreds of officials to surrender. After Boyan was surrendered, he took the edict of Xie Daoqing and surrendered the unattached prefecture and county. In March, Boyan ordered Ah Rahan and Dong Wenbing to continue the southern attack, and returned to the capital with Emperor Gong, the Empress Dowager Quan, and the Southern Song Dynasty clan in the north.

In the fifteenth year of the Yuan Dynasty, Xianzong's son Xiliji was ordered to quell the rebellion launched by Sun Haidu, the son of Wokotai, together with Muhan, the king of Beiping, and An Tong, the right prime minister. Unexpectedly, Cyriji defected halfway and kidnapped the prince Muhan and the right prime minister An Tong in response to Haidu's rebellion against Kublai Khan. Kublai Khan was shocked when he heard the report and ordered Boyan to lead his army to the rescue. Boyan knew that the task of this expedition was arduous, not only to defeat the enemy, but also to save people. He fought cautiously and met the enemy at the Arukun River.

Boyan gave the order to line up across the river from the enemy. The Boyan army was in strict formation, and the army was very strict, and no one dared to slack off. All day long, the enemy army appeared tired and loose, and the ranks were disorganized and disorganized. Boyan's soldiers divided into two routes, attacked the enemy suddenly, and sent the most elite warriors directly into the enemy's camp tent to save the prince and the prime minister. After a surprise attack, the enemy army was defeated, the death squad rescued the prince and the prime minister, Boyan ordered the surrender and pursuit at the same time, most of the soldiers surrendered, and the Cyriji army was defeated and fled, dying on the way.

In the twenty-fifth year of the Yuan Dynasty, it was rumored that King Naiyan of Zong was going to unite with the kings of the northwest to rebel. Kublai Khan summoned Boyan to discuss countermeasures. Boyan suggested that he should send an envoy to announce the appeasement before he had yet to start an incident, so as to see his intentions. So he asked himself to take on this responsibility, and when he arrived at Naiyan's camp, he found that he could not convince Naiyan, so he absconded overnight and played Kublai Khan. Kublai Khan immediately sent troops to suppress Naiyan. Boyan also recommended the Han general Li Ting and others to use the Han army's tactics to capture Naiyan alive and surrender his subordinates before the kings of the northwest could respond, eliminating this man-made disaster.

In the twenty-seventh year of the Yuan Dynasty, in order to prevent the rebellion of Haidu, Kublai Khan ordered Boyan to lead his army out of the town and forest. Haidu knows that Boyan uses soldiers like a god and governs the army well, and he knows that it is difficult to defeat Boyan, so he waits and sees for a long time. Later, he instigated Temur to attack Helin, but was defeated by Boyan, and sent troops to attack many times, all of which were defeated by Boyan. Boyan assisted Kublai Khan in quelling many civil strife and maintaining the unity of the Yuan regime.

After Kublai Khan's death, Boyan led the government for three months, and the court was quiet, as usual. He proclaimed Timur, the emperor's grandson who had returned from Horin, to the throne.

From Boyan's experience, it can be seen that before Boyan's attack on Lin'an, the resistance of the Song army was already quite low, and in this case, the actual leader of the Song Dynasty, Empress Dowager Xie, chose to give up resistance:

Xie Daoqing, a native of Tiantai, the queen of Zhao Yun of Song Lizong, the granddaughter of the right prime minister Xie Shenfu, Xie Shenfu was meritorious because of his support for the Empress Dowager Yang, and the Empress Dowager Yang chose Xie Nu to enter the palace. And Daoqing was born dark, there was a black mole next to his eyes, and after entering the palace, he was seriously ill, and his skin was as white as jade after taking off, and the black mole was gone. Originally, Li Zong wanted to make the Jia family the queen, but the Empress Dowager Yang thought that the Xie family was dignified and blessed, and whispered left and right: "If you don't set up a real queen, will you still set up a fake (Jia) queen?"

In the first year of Deyou, his grandson Emperor Song Gong succeeded to the throne. Since Emperor Song Gong was only 4 years old, the 65-year-old Empress Dowager Xie Daoqing listened to the government, but the military and political power was still in the hands of Prime Minister Jia Yidao. Later, Xie Daoqing dismissed Jia Rudao in the anger of the Manchu Dynasty, but it was too late, the Yuan army had broken Xiangfan, and the Song Dynasty was unable to return to the sky. In the second year of Emperor Song Gong's reign, the Yuan army was in Lin'an, the capital of the Song Dynasty, and Xie Daoqing could not make peace, so he had to hold the 5-year-old Emperor Song Gong and take the Southern Song Dynasty royal family out of the city to kneel and surrender to the commander of the Yuan army.

After the fall of the Southern Song Dynasty, Xie Daoqing was demoted from the Empress Dowager to the Lady of Shouchun County. Later, the remnants of the Southern Song Dynasty, led by Xie Daoqing's grandson - Emperor Gong of Song's younger brothers, Yiwang Zhao Yu and Weiwang Zhao Yu, resisted the Yuan in the southeast coastal area.

On March 19, the second year of Xiangxing, Lu Xiufu's 8-year-old emperor Zhao Yu jumped into the sea and died, and the Southern Song Dynasty was completely destroyed. Seven years after Xie Daoqing was captured, he died in the twentieth year of the Yuan Dynasty at the age of 74.

In the fifth year of Jingding, Song Lizong died, and Song Duzong ascended the throne. In the third year of Xianchun, Song Duzong honored Xie Daoqing as the queen mother, and was called Shou and Shengfu. Enter the three generations of Xie Daoqing: his father Xie Qubo was the king of Wei, his grandfather Xie Shenfu and great-grandfather Xie Jingzhi were named the king of Lu. Men and women of the clan are promoted to different levels and given rewards.

In the tenth year of Xianchun, Song Duzong died, and Emperor Song Gong became the emperor, and Xie Daoqing was honored as the empress dowager. Xie Daoqing was old and sick, and the ministers asked her to hang the curtain and listen to the government with Emperor Song Gong many times, and Xie Daoqing agreed after repeatedly forcing her. Crowned the five generations of Xie Daoqing.

Because Xie Daoqing had too much money for the war, he personally reduced the cost of thrifting in the palace, eliminated the following officials promoted by Ciyuan Palace, and saved 10,000 yuan per month. Pingzhang Jia Rudao was defeated and defeated, and Chen Yizhong asked for him to be corrected. Xie Daoqing said: "Jia Rudao has been working hard in politics since the three dynasties, how can he lose the gift of preferential treatment to the minister because he is convicted?" He was first stripped of his official position, and then demoted to death according to law.

Seeing that the country was in trouble, the officials of the Lin'an Dynasty often fled anonymously. Xie Daoqing ordered a list in the court and said: "In the past 300 years, my country has treated scholars and doctors well. The emperor and I have encountered many difficulties in the country, and you courtiers and ministers cannot come up with a plan to save the times, and the Beijing officials have abandoned their officials and fled, and the local officials have abandoned their seals and abandoned the city, escaping the hardships and stealing their lives. Those who are in the government will be paid a salary by Shangshu Province, and those who abandon the country and flee will be picketed and reported by the Yushitai.

On the first day of June in the first year of Deyou, after a solar eclipse, Xie Daoqing cut off his honorific title of "Shengfu" to adapt to the changes in the sky. Prime Minister Wang Yang is old and sick, Chen Yizhong and Liumengyan are mediocre, and they fight each other in the court every day. And Zhang Shijie was defeated in Jiaoshan, and Chen Yizhong abandoned his official position and fled. The Queen Mother summoned her many times and sent a letter to Yizhong's mother, asking her to advise Yizhong. In October, he returned to the imperial court. Xie Daoqing personally wrote a letter to summon Xia Gui and the others' troops, saying: "Our mother and son are not worth thinking about, don't we repay the kindness of the first emperor?" Xia Gui and others rarely came.

In this month, the Yuan army broke through Changzhou, and Xie Daoqing sent Lu Xiufu and others to ask for peace, but the Yuan army did not agree. Chen Yizhong led the ministers to ask for the capital to be moved, but Xie Daoqing did not allow it, Chen Yizhong cried bitterly and asked again and again, and Xie Daoqing had no choice but to obey him. The next day should have set off, but Chen Yizhong was in a hurry, so the palace car had been driven, and it was too late and Chen Yizhong was not there, Xie Daoqing was furious and gave up.

In the first month of the second year of Deyou, he ordered Chen Yizhong to send an envoy to the Yuan army and make an appointment to declare himself a vassal to the Yuan Dynasty. Chen Yizhong reproached this, and Xie Daoqing cried and said: "As long as the country can be preserved, the ministers don't have to care." Soon, the Yuan army attacked Gaoting Mountain, Chen Yizhong fled, and the civil and military officials also secretly fled. [10] Xie Daoqing secretly arranged for Jiang Wanzai to take charge of the march, and led his troops to secretly protect some of the Zhao and Song royal families such as Yi and Guang Erwang, as well as some Song court institutions, to evacuate Lin'an and prepare to rebuild the Song Dynasty.

In February, the Yuan army entered Qiantang, and the Southern Song Dynasty completely lost its ability to resist. In order to protect the city of Lin'an and protect the people of Li from the sack of the army, Xie Daoqing sent Wu Jian, the prime minister of Zuo, to the Yuan Dynasty to surrender to Kublai Khan, the ancestor of the Yuan dynasty, and the Southern Song Dynasty basically died.

In March, Emperor Gong and other Southern Song Dynasty monarchs and ministers were abducted and escorted to Dadu, Xie Daoqingzheng was sick in bed, monitored by the Yuan army, and temporarily stayed in Lin'an.

In August, Xie Daoqing was escorted by the Yuan army from Lin'an to live in Dadu, and was demoted to the title of Lady of Shouchun County. Seven years later, at the age of 74, Xie Daoqing passed away and was buried in his hometown, next to his father's mausoleum.

And Empress Dowager Xie planned to move the capital, but because of Chen Yizhong's situation, she finally failed to make the trip.

Regarding this, Zhang Jiashi can only say hehe, because even if Chen Yizhong does not appear, and Empress Dowager Xie and Baiguan are ready, there is no point in having a Chen Yizhong. And this also shows that even if the Empress Dowager Xie is good in terms of wind evaluation, she has many deficiencies in assisting the young master. In particular, her trust in Chen Yizhong was ultimately a factor that led to the rapid demise of the Southern Song Dynasty.

And there is also a legend about Empress Dowager Xie:

After Xie Daoqing entered the palace, there are many folk legends. Xie Daoqing's ancestral residence is in the eastern suburbs of Linhai, and there are streams, stone bridges, and river ports at the head of the village. Although Xie Daoqing was born in a famous family, she did not want to be pampered in the deep boudoir, but often went to the Qiaotou stream with the maid to wash vegetables.

It is said that whenever Daoqing takes a picture in the water, but he sees himself wearing a phoenix crown and a brocade robe, which is extremely gorgeous, even Xie Daoqing himself is deeply surprised. There is also a legend that once Daoqing was infected with scabies, and she didn't want the boils on her body to be seen, so she didn't even roll up her sleeves when washing vegetables. Once, the beauty pageant of the imperial court passed by the water's edge and saw that this glamorous woman did not roll up her sleeves when washing vegetables, so she asked the reason, and Xie Daoqing replied randomly: "Doesn't the real dragon show its claws!"

Seeing that she was both bright and eloquent, Qin Cha immediately let her enter Beijing in a sedan chair.

The strange thing is that as soon as Xie Daoqing's sedan chair arrived on the rooftop, his face changed from quite haggard to radiant; when he arrived in Shengxian, the scabs all over his body faded; and when he arrived in Lin'an and entered the palace, Xie Daoqing became a beautiful woman in the country. After entering the palace, Emperor Lizong was very pleased to see her dignified and beautiful. Talking to him, Xie Daoqing responded like a stream, and Song Lizong was happy.

(End of chapter)