The first thing the herald said after finding Yang Wengzi was a .lā天穁novel that a lieutenant on duty in the north saw at dawn

It was the Huns in the northern camp, and it seemed to have a lot of movement. Pen × fun × Pavilion www. ｂｉｑｕｇｅ。 But because these Huns have not shown signs of attacking for a long time, the Qin military captain, who doesn't know what is going on, can only report the situation to Yang Wengzi.

And Yang Wengzi couldn't help but be stunned after receiving this news, because this situation is indeed difficult to understand what the Huns are doing in a short period of time.

Yang Wengzi, who didn't think of anything after thinking about it for a while, decided to go directly to the city tower north of Cloud City to see the situation before deciding.

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Looking out from the tower in the north of Cloud City, the Xiongnu camp, which was originally a lot of tribal totem flags, was already missing a lot of flags.

Yang Wengzi has been dealing with the Xiongnu for more than ten years or even longer, of course, these more than ten years refer to the fact that after the Battle of Yinshan in Hetao, he became the commander of the first army and then led the army to attack and defend against the Huns, and the rest of the time, Yang Wengzi was just a member of the Qin army.

As a descendant of the original Rong people, Yang Wengzi and his fellow Yang Duanhe are also similar to the Huns in some habits, so under such a premise, Yang Wengzi knows very well what such a situation means.

That is, many tribes of the Huns have left this camp.

But Yang Wengzi was very puzzled about why this situation occurred, that is, such a situation was something he did not expect. After all, after more than ten days of fighting, the Huns should also roughly feel that the defense of Yunzhong City, which has actually been besieged, is not weak.

Under such a premise, the Huns actually planned to withdraw a considerable part of their military forces, so the Huns may have two plans.

One is that the Huns thought that the remaining troops were enough to deal with Yunzhong City or besiege Yunzhong City without attacking it, so it was not surprising that a considerable part of the troops were withdrawn.

And the second is what conspiracy the Huns had.

Yang Wengzi knew very well what kind of existence the totem was for the Huns.

In other words, the study of ancient totem culture in later generations is actually not too profound.

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The word totem is in fact a loanword, meaning "its kin", "its mark".

However, in the early cultural exhibitions around the world, totem culture is a very common existence in terms of primitive people's beliefs.

At that time, people believed that the people of the clan were derived from a specific species, and in most cases, were considered to be related to a certain animal, so the totem belief was related to ancestor worship, and in many totem myths, it was believed that their ancestors came from a certain animal or plant, or had a relationship with a certain animal or plant, so a certain animal and plant became the oldest ancestor of this nation.

For example, "the Xuanniao of Destiny descended to give birth to Shang" ("Historical Records") Xuanniao became the totem of the Shang family.

Therefore, totem worship is not so much the worship of animals and plants, but the worship of ancestors, which is more accurate. The kinship between the totem and the clan is often reflected through the myth and title of the clan's origin.

For example, the Oroqen people call the male bear "Yaya", which means grandfather, and the female bear "Taiti", which means grandmother.

The Evenks call the male bear "Heke" (grandfather) and the female bear "Evil I" (grandmother). The legend of the Miao, Yao, and She peoples.

The legend of the Hun wolf - "Wei Shu Gaoche Biography": The Huns gave birth to two daughters, the posture is very beautiful, the people of the country think that they are gods, Shan Yu said: "I have this woman Anke with people, will be with the sky." It is to build a high platform, put the two daughters on it, and say, "Please welcome the heavens." After three years, year after year, there was an old wolf, who kept watch day and night and howled. His youngest daughter said, "My father made me here, that he wanted to be with the heavens, and now the wolf is coming, or the angel of the gods." The next is a wolf wife, and gives birth to a child. Later, it multiplied into a country, so its people were good at singing long songs, and they were like wolves. ”

Legend has it that the first grandmother of the Dong people mated with a large flower snake and gave birth to a boy and a girl, breeding and reproducing to become the ancestors of the Dong people.

A common view of totems in later generations is that the symbol of a group is mainly to distinguish one group from another.

From a totem, one can deduce the myths, historical records, and customs of an ethnic group. In primitive times, it is believed that the portraits of certain natural objects or beings were related to their ethnic heritage. Therefore, an animal or plant is used as a sign or symbol of a certain ethnic group.

Ancient China has a long history of totem culture.

On the faience unearthed in later generations, there is a large proportion of totems: the faience pattern is one of the most striking arts of the Neolithic period. The animal prints inside are particularly rich. Common fish patterns, bird patterns, gecko patterns, frog patterns, pig patterns, sheep patterns, etc., in the Central Plains Plain of the Yellow River Basin of China, the Central Plains Plain of the Fenhe River Basin and the Wei River Basin, in the upper reaches of the Yellow River, the Daxia River and the northwest region of the Wei River Basin, have left the animal pattern as the painted pottery utensils. The fish print is one of the most common images. A good example of this is the Chinese painted pottery pot with a fish-patterned human face.

The worship of dragons is a special phenomenon that has lasted for thousands of years in Chinese history. In the minds of the Chinese, the dragon has extraordinary abilities, he has scales and horns, teeth and claws, can drill into the earth and water, can hibernate and hibernate; he has the power of nature, can make clouds and rain, and can thunder and lightning. Regarding the image of the dragon, no exact image has been given, both ancient and modern. And the image of the dragon that people express today is the form of the perfect dragon image. What was the original image of a dragon? There are three main examples, one is ancient books, the second is historical records, and the third is the habit of mentioning dragons and snakes together.

According to earlier and more reliable ancient documents, in ancient times, a number of famous tribes appeared on the land of China, the most famous of which were the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, the Yandi tribe and the Yellow Emperor tribe in the Weihe River valley, the Shaohao tribe in the lower reaches of the Yellow River, and the Taihao tribe in the Jianghuai Valley. History says that the Yandi clan led the "cow human body", so some scholars believe that the Yandi tribe used the cow as a totem, but according to the Yandi clan's family name is "Jiang".

From here, it can be considered that the surname is from the maternal line, Jiang is Qiang, so the maternal totem of Emperor Yan is sheep.

The Yellow Emperor, according to the "Yellow Emperor of Liezi", said: "The Yellow Emperor and the Yan Emperor fought in the field of Hanquan, with handsome bears, wolves, leopards, pigs, and tigers as the forerunners, and eagles, cats, eagles, and kites as banners. "The Yandi tribe and the Yellow Emperor tribe belong to the Huaxia tribe, while the Shaohao tribe and the Taihao tribe belong to the Dongyi tribe. The Shaohao tribe uses birds as totems, and the Taihao tribe uses dragons as totems.

In ancient times, the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River where the Taihao tribe was active, the climate was warm, most of the vegetation maintained the original pattern, and poisonous snakes and beasts could be seen everywhere. Seven or eight thousand years ago, people made stone tools and used their collective strength to hunt and kill fierce beasts, but they were helpless against the poisonous snakes that existed in the grassy jungle and survived on the shores of swampy lakes. Fear, worship the serpent as a god.

The totem of the gourd: There are many legends derived from the myth of the gourd, the most famous of which is Pangu's opening of the world. It is rumored that when Pangu was born, he stretched out his body, the sky was high, and the earth fell, where the heaven and the earth were connected, Pangu held a chisel in his left hand, an axe in his right hand, or an axe or a chisel to strike, which was a divine power.

What is the relationship between Pangu and the gourd totem?

Liu Yaohan, a later Yi language expert, pointed out in "On Chinese Gourd Culture" that Pangu is a gourd, and Pangu's pan is a gourd;

In fact, the names of the tribes recorded in ancient books largely cover the description of totem culture.

The bear tribe, which is also from the Yellow Emperor, reflects that the totem of the bear tribe is the bear.

There is a bear tribe, also known as the country of bears, surnamed Ji, for the Yellow Emperor's country, located in Jishui. It is a clan tribe established by the Huaxia group living in the bear area in ancient times, and later generations called the bear country. The founding of the bear began in Shaodian, passed to the Yellow Emperor, successively defeated Chiyou and Emperor Yan, and then became the common ancestor of China.

According to the documents since the Warring States period, especially the relevant historical records since the Han and Jin dynasties, it is recorded that Xinzheng is the ruins of bears, and it is corroborated with the relevant legends and archaeological data in Xinzheng. The ruins of Zhurong are also known as the ruins of bears.

According to records, the Yellow Emperor came from a branch of the Youxiong clan. The ruins of Zhurong are also known as the ruins of bears. The Yellow Emperor is considered to be the ancestor of the Chinese nation, born in the Xuanyuan Hill, known as the Xiong clan and the Xuanyuan clan, and is the leader of the Xiong tribe, the co-owner of the Chinese nation in the legendary ancient times, and the first of the five emperors. The Yellow Emperor is also revered as the ancestor of Taoism and has a special status in Taoism.

The title of Xiong is found in the "Shiben" of the Warring States Period: "Shaodian gave birth to Xuanyuan, who was the Yellow Emperor, and the number was Xiong, so it was the son of the king of Xiong Guojun." It can be seen that the Yellow Emperor is out of the country of Xiong after the Shaodian.

According to the "Chinese Jin Language": "Xi Shaodian married the Youyu clan and gave birth to the Yellow Emperor and the Yan Emperor. The Yellow Emperor was made of Ji Shui, and the Yan Emperor was made of ginger water. Cheng is different from virtue, so the Yellow Emperor is Ji, and the Yan Emperor is Jiang.

It can be seen that Yan and Huang are all branches of the Shaodian tribe.

In several large tribes of the Xiongnu, such as the tribes of Mao Dun and Touman Danyu, their totem is the wolf.

Of course, this wolf is not a common wolf, but a fire-breathing dragon wolf.

So in the Mongolian plateau, the legend of the blue wolf has always been circulating. But the blue wolf is in fact a Mongol myth, and the dragon wolf may be a totem of a tribe of the Xia Dynasty.

Perhaps there is something in common between the two, or that the Mongols officially replaced the dragon wolf after inheriting the wolf totem, but they also retained some descriptions of the dragon wolf breathing fire.

It's just that even several large tribes of the Xiongnu are dragon and wolf totems, but there is no doubt that the Xiongnu are also because of the distinction of totem culture, and before Toumanshan was integrated, it was more like a tribal union system similar to the Yellow Emperor Alliance.

After Toumandan integrated the Xiongnu system, he gradually developed the Xiongnu into a tribal alliance with higher cohesion, and finally laid the foundation for the rise of the Xiongnu in the middle of the Mongolian Plateau at that time.

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Yang Wengzi was born as a descendant of Rong Di, and he also has a very deep understanding of totems, he thought about it, and said as if muttering to himself: "Could it be that the Hun thieves plan to use the method of reducing the furnace to confuse us?"

The way Yang Wengzi said to reduce the furnace can also be said to be a fairly classic example of war in this period.

This example is one of the strategies used in the famous Battle of Maling.

Sun Bin was the military advisor of the Qi army under Tian Ji at that time, and he first suggested to the king of Qi that people should inform Korea, saying that Qi reinforcements would arrive soon, so that the Han army could muster up the ability to resist the Wei army.

Subsequently, after the Korean army consumed a certain strength of the Wei army, Sun Bin once again staged a plan of "encircling Wei to save Zhao", forcing Wei to withdraw from Korea again.

After the main force of the Wei army returned, the two sides had a brief contact somewhere in the territory of Wei, and the Qi army withdrew at the touch of a button, and Pang Juan and the prince of the prison army waved the army in pursuit.

On the road to avoid the "pursuit" of the Wei army, the Qi army, on the order of Sun Bin, adopted the strategy of reducing the furnace and reducing the stove, so that Pang Juan, a famous general, thought that there was a large-scale desertion of the Qi army and rashly advanced.

As a result, in Maling, the lightly armed troops of the Wei army under Pang Juan were ambushed by the main force of the prepared Qi army, Pang Juan was seriously injured and killed himself, and the Wei army that stayed in the camp was then returned by the Qi army, broke through the camp, and almost the entire army was annihilated, and the prince was captured.

It can be said that this battle has made the existence of the soldier famous again. Of course, Yang Wengzi is different from Wang Jian and Bai Qi and others, that is, Yang Wengzi is not a person from a military family, he has become an officer in the Qin army by virtue of Yang Duanhe's identity as a clansman.

But that doesn't mean that Yang doesn't know some more detailed things.

As a military wizard, Sun Bin's ability is amazing to those who come after him.

But this doesn't mean that Pang Juan and King Wei Hui are stupid people who don't know how to grow.

In fact, after a siege of Wei to save Zhao, and after a disastrous defeat at the Battle of Guiling, the Wei king strengthened the defenses of the regions adjacent to Qi to the east.

And later, the Qi army before the Battle of Maling was likely to defeat the defenders of the Wei army at that time, and paid a considerable price.

If this were not the case, I am afraid that with Pang Juan's ability, it would be difficult to easily fall for this relatively obvious strategy of luring the enemy.

Pang Juan knew that Qi Guo had reused Sun Bin, so naturally he would not easily make some relatively shallow mistakes.

Maybe Pang Juan thought or knew that the Qi army had heavy casualties or even the army's morale was unstable, and finally chose the decision to pursue the Qi army.

What Yang Wengzi was worried about was whether the Huns would reduce the banner to confuse him to lead the army to counterattack the Huns, and then take the opportunity to besiege the attacking officers and soldiers, laying the first victory in this war.

Yang Wengzi didn't know that Mao Dun had held a meeting with the tribal leaders who followed him overnight last night about the next Xiongnu action plan, and the Xiongnu had indeed divided their troops......