Chapter 110

Some time after Kou Qian's death, it was also after Gao Yang destroyed the Eastern Wei Dynasty and established the Northern Qi Dynasty, because of a Taoist and Buddhist controversy guided by the Northern Qi regime, the Northern Heavenly Master Dao in the territory of the Northern Qi State gradually withdrew from the historical stage.

However, the Northern Heavenly Master Dao did not completely die, but continued to struggle to survive in the Northern Zhou Dynasty after that.

And in a certain sense, Emperor Wu of the Northern Zhou Dynasty's extermination of Buddha gave the Northern Heavenly Master a chance to breathe. But this time even the Northern Heavenly Master Dao suffered a certain blow, and the Northern Heavenly Master Dao officially withdrew from history.

At this time, it was replaced by a Taoist sect called "Louguan Dao", which was almost the same as the founding time of the Northern Heavenly Master Dao.

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The first era name of Emperor Sui was Kaihuang, and it is said that the word Kaihuang is a noun derived from Taoism:

The book of the old family in "Shuanghua Year's Banknotes" says: "There are five calamities in the number of heaven and earth. The East started from the son, called Longhan, for the beginning of the robbery. The south starts from Yin, called Chiming, for the catastrophe. The central starts from Mao, said the emperor, and the north starts from noon, called the emperor, all for the robbery. The West starts from the unitary and ends in Xu, which is called Yankang, which is a bad calamity. ”

The emperor also built Taoist temples and Taoist soil to support the development of Taoism. Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty admired Taoism even more, and built 10 Taoist temples for Taoism in Chang'an during his reign. In the seventh year of the great cause, he also personally summoned Wang Yuanzhi, the master of Maoshan Sect, and with the respect of the emperor, "the gift of the disciple", he ordered the construction of the Yuqing Altar in the capital.

During the Sui Dynasty, Taoism developed in the number of palaces, temples, and Taoist soils.

During this period, the Qing scriptures transmitted to the north by the Maoshan Sect have been incorporated into the Lingbao, Three Emperors and other scriptures, and integrated with the Louguandao in the north. In terms of cultivation methods, the most prominent development is the rise of the "Neidan".

In the Wei, Zhou, Sui, and Tang dynasties, Louguandao played a very important role in the royal channel. It was formed in the Northern Wei Dynasty, spread to the Sui and Tang dynasties, and had a great influence in the northern and southern Sui and Tang dynasties. The Huangchao Rebellion greatly damaged the vitality and was destroyed in the early Yuan Dynasty to the Yuan Dynasty.

The classics respected by the Louguan school are mainly the Tao Te Ching, because the legend says that this book was made by Lao Tzu at the request of Yin Xi, so it is a compulsory classic for Taoist priests of the school. Secondly, because the sect insists on Lao Tzu's nonsense, some of the most distinctive scriptures of Lao Tzu Hua Hu, such as "Lao Tzu Hua Hu Jing", "Lao Tzu Xisheng Jing", "Lao Tzu Kaitian Jing" and "Miao Zhen Jing", etc., are all valued by this school.

"Taoist Doctrine Hub" Volume 2 "Seven Righteousness" quotes the "Taixuan Sutra" cloud: "There is no day and no day, and the righteousness is Xuanxuan." And Yin Sheng only got five volumes, including "Morality", "Miaozhen" and "Xisheng". In addition, according to the "Legend of Louguan" cited in the "Xianyuan Compilation of Pearls" and the "Legend of the True Immortal Body of the Past Generations" Volume 30 of the compilation of the Louguan Taoist Priests, in addition to practicing the scriptures, the Taoist priests of Louguan also preached a variety of Qing scriptures, such as the "Great Cave True Scripture", "Huangting Neijing Sutra", "Qing Qiong Emperor Zhangjing", "Taisu Lingdong Xuanda Miao Sutra", "Taiyin Book", "Lingshu Purple", etc., and a few Lingbao Sutras and the Three Emperors. The Qing scriptures and the Lingbao scriptures were all made in the leaves of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, to the end of the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the beginning of the Northern and Southern Dynasties were widely circulated, and the Taoist priests of Louguan passed on the scriptures, when after the beginning of the Northern Dynasties. This proves from another side that Louguandao was indeed formed in the Northern Wei Dynasty.

The cultivation method of Louguan Dao shows that each family learns from each other's strengths and complements each other's weaknesses to form the characteristics of both internal and external cultivation, that is, both Fu Gong and Dan Ding are practiced. For example, Liang Chen "eats Qi and swallows talismans, which is wonderful, and widely Suo Dansha, and is also a bait". Ma Jian not only knows the method of Dunjia occupancy, but also breaks the valley, takes medicine, conducts qi, and guides, and can also enslave all spirits, control the evil spirits, and drive the six Ding and twenty-four gods. Yin Tong "served Huangjing, realgar, and asparagus for decades", and was able to treat people. Most of the other Louguan Taoist priests are like this. However, in the same vein, taking drugs is more common in Louguan Taoist priests.

Louguandao developed to the Northern Zhou and Sui Dynasty and entered its heyday. Taoist priest Wang Yan, Ziyuan, Fufeng Shiping people. The Western Wei Dynasty entered the Tao in three years, and Chen Baochi was taught in Louguan. Be friendly with Li Shunxing. After visiting Huashan Yuntai Temple, the Taoist priest of Maoshan Jiao Kuang was restored, and the secret scriptures of the three caves were obtained. Emperor Wu of the Northern Zhou Dynasty heard his name, sent an envoy to summon it, Wang Yan to the capital for a long time, returned to the Xiyue Yuntai Temple, and ordered to increase and repair the view to live there.

It is reported that Yu Yong once convened Taoist priests, famous monks and military officials seven times to determine the advantages and disadvantages of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism. He advocated Taoism and Confucianism, but failed due to the opposition of the ministers and Shamen. Later, it was decided that Confucianism should come first, Taoism should be secondary, and Buddhism should be secondary. However, Buddhists still disagreed, and the controversy between monks and Taoists was unprecedentedly fierce. It was in the third year of Jiande and abolished Buddhism and Taoism. Because of its belief in Taoism, it is an edict to establish the channel view, set up a bachelor, and select famous Taoist priests to study the channel view of "Laozi", "Zhuangzi" and "Zhou Yi". He also ordered the Taoist priest Wang Yan to collate the three cave scripture maps, write the "Bead Bag Sutra", and finally compiled the book "No Secret", which was played and stored in the channel view. Emperor Sui ascended the throne, placed the Xuandu view, and the edict took Yan as the main view, and reverted to Yan as the prestige of the Daomen. It is said that the Sui Emperor also received the Great Wisdom Ring from it, and the ministers Su Wei and Yang Su all performed the disciple ceremony in the north.

Wang Yan died in the fourth year of Renshou in the channel view. There is also a Taoist priest Yan Da, who entered the Tao at the end of the Northern Wei Dynasty, and Hou Kai, a Taoist priest who studied in the building, "learned from the poor Qiongyun, and Botong Miaoshu", which was also well-known in the Zhou and Sui periods. Emperor Wu of the Northern Zhou Dynasty built Deshatai Buddhism, and when he was discussing the abolition of Taoism, he reached the palace and asked the advantages and disadvantages of Buddhism and Taoism. Yan Da replied: "The main is superior and the customer is inferior." It is said that the release of the Western Regions is a guest, and the Tao is in the summer, and it is the Lord. And said: "If the guest returns, it will be beneficial to the soil, and if the Lord is there, it will not damage China." Those who go do not chase, and those who live protect themselves, so why send it. ”

It is said that "Jiaqi is right", but due to the situation, the two religions had to be abolished at the same time. After Emperor Wu abolished Buddhism and Taoism, he decided to build a channel to view the left of Tiangu, and selected people to live in it. It was selected by Louguan Taoist Yan Da and Wang Yan, Su Daobiao, Cheng Faming, Zhou Huasheng, Wang Zhenwei, Shi Daole, Yu Zhang, Zhang Facheng, Fu Daochong and other ten people. They "forgot each other with Taoism, and they were all from the same source, and they were called 'Ten Elders of Tiangu'".

At the beginning of the Sui Emperor's reign, Yan Da rebuilt the Louguan Palace, and the Taoist priests were full of 120 members.

Entering the Tang Dynasty, because the Tang clan recognized Lao Tzu, the ancestor of Taoism, as the holy ancestor, and correspondingly vigorously respected Taoism, especially because the Louguan Taoist Qihui (the word Pingding) had sponsored Li Yuan's uprising, so Li Yuan was the emperor of the Tang Dynasty, and he favored Louguan Dao.

At the beginning of Wude, he repaired the palace and gave ten hectares of land to fill the foundation; In October of the seventh year of Wude (624), Li Yuan personally worshiped Louguan and worshiped Laozi. After Qi Hui was feathered in Zhenguan for four years, Gaozong ascended the throne and ordered Yin Cao, the Taoist priest of the original sect, to serve as the master of Haotian Guan and the holy view of the sect.

Yin Cao once wrote a copy of "The Sacred Chronicles of Emperor Xuanyuan", which is ten volumes and a total of one hundred and ten articles. Gaozong read the volume of Dayue, awarded Yin Cao Yinqing Guanglu doctor, and did too often Shaoqing. Since then, he has written 30 volumes of "The Theory of Dispelling Confusion" and "The Theory of Eliminating Demons", and a volume of "The Biography of the First Master of Louguan".

In the early Tang Dynasty, with the support of the Tang Dynasty, Louguandao has been in the stage of development. The Anshi Rebellion broke out during the Tianbao period, and after that, Louguandao tended to decline. The Taoists scattered all over the place, and after two songs, they finally became obscure.

In the first year of Taizong Duangong of the Northern Song Dynasty, he changed the concept of building to Shuntian Xingguo. To the Jin Aizong Tianxing, because of the soldiers, the building was seriously damaged.

To the Yuan Dynasty, there was the Quanzhen Taoist patriarch Yin Zhiping with his apprentices to repair, and the ancestral court of the Louguan faction had the management of the Quanzhen Longmen faction, and the Taoist priests of the Louguan faction were scattered all over the place. Forming the Taoist common saying of "seven true and eight factions", the eighth faction refers to the Yin Xi Lou view school, later referred to as the Yin Xi faction, later generations said that only the Yin Xi faction is too positive, in the selection of disciples rather lack than indiscriminate, the heirs are rare, so there is "the dragon half a day, a corner of Hua, Yin Xi faction can not touch" in the Taoist gate.

The classics respected by the Louguan faction are mainly the Tao Te Ching, which was written by Lao Tzu at the invitation of Yin Xi, so the Taoist priests of this school must study the classics. Secondly, because the sect insists on Lao Tzu's nonsense, the most distinctive scriptures of Lao Tzu Huahu, such as "Lao Tzu Hua Hu Jing", "Lao Tzu Xisheng Jing", "Lao Tzu Kaitian Jing" and "Miao Zhen Jing", etc., are all valued by this school.

The cultivation method of Louguan Dao shows the characteristics of eclecticism, that is, both Fu Gong and Dan Ding are practiced. For example, Liang Chen "eats Qi and swallows talismans, which is wonderful, and widely Suo Dansha, and is also a bait". Ma Jian not only knows the method of Dunjia occupancy, but also breaks the valley, takes medicine, conducts qi, and guides, and can also enslave all spirits, control the evil spirits, and drive the six Ding and twenty-four gods. Yin Tong "served Huangjing, realgar, and asparagus for decades", and was able to treat people. Most of the other Louguan Taoist priests are like this. However, in the same vein, taking drugs is more common in Louguan Taoist priests. From this, it can be seen that the Louguan School is actually in the line of Gu Immortals.

......

However, Yang Guang, Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty after Emperor Sui, was not a believer in Louguandao, but a believer in Maoshan Sect.

In the tenth year of Yongming in the Southern Qi Dynasty, Tao Hongjing returned to Maoshan and called himself "Huayang Seclusion". He inherited the Qing scriptures passed on by Yang Xi and Xu Mi, carefully searched for the lost authentic works of the Qing scriptures written by Yang and Xu handwriting, and compiled more than 200 volumes of Taoist scriptures such as the "True Message" and the "True Secret Formula" and "True Spiritual Position Karma Map" that specifically described the early teachings, methods and history of the Qing school, and carried forward the Qing scriptures. After decades of painstaking management, the teachings and organization of the Qing school were gradually perfected. In fact, at that time, Maoshan had become the heart of the Qing sect of Taoism, and later the Qing sect was called the "Maoshan sect".

During the period of Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty, Yang Guang treated the Maoshan Sect very well:

The Taoist priest Wang Yuanzhi also knows the evil people. Zu Jingxian, Liangjiang Prefecture Thorn History. Father Tan Xuan, Chen Yangzhou Assassin History. Yuanzhi mother, Liang Jiabu Lang Ding supergirl. Taste the day and sleep, the dream spirit phoenix gathers its body, so there is pregnancy, and hear the belly cry, Shamen Baozhi said Tan Xuan said: "Giving birth to a son should be the uncle of the gods." ”

Far-sighted and less intelligent, well-read and well-read. When he first entered Maoshan Mountain, he taught Tao Hongjing and passed on his Longteng Valley Taoism. Later, he studied with Mr. Zang Jing. When Lord Chen heard his name, he summoned him to the Chongyang Palace, and he was very rewarded. And Emperor Yang of Sui was the king of Jin, and he was the king of Yangzhou, so that the prince and Liu Guyan were summoned one after another.

Yuanzhi came to see, and the beard turned white, and the king of Jin was afraid and sent it, and the young man returned to his old self. Emperor Yang Xingzhuo County, sent a foreign man Cui Feng to invite it, and knew that it was seen in Linshuo Palace, Emperor Yang personally held the gift of his disciples, and the capital city set up the Yuqing Xuantan to deal with it. And fortunately Yangzhou, it is not advisable to go to Beijing far away, and Emperor Yang does not obey.

The dragon of Gaozu is also hidden, and he knows the secret talisman from afar. Wude, Taizong Ping, Wang Shichong, and Fang Xuanling were slightly obedient. Yuanzhi said: "There is a saint here, is it not the king of Qin?" Taizong told the truth. Yuanzhi said: "Fang is the son of peace, and he is willing to pity himself." "Taizong's ascension to the pole will increase the position, and please return to the mountain. In the ninth year of Zhenguan, Erun Prefecture was placed in Maoshan to be viewed, and 27 Taoist priests were saved. The book of the seal said: "Mr. is simple, virtuous, abandoning the dust, perching on the void, spitting out the old and accepting the new, eating the bait, reciting the wisdom of the three Qings, returning to China and sending it outside the hundred years, the road is martyred, and the voice is high since ancient times." The secret of the non-husband is in the golden altar, and the person who is secluded in the jade is like this! In the past, I was in the Liang Dynasty, and I was asked early, and I was in the style of words, and I did not forget to sleep. Take a closer look at the music, please return to the old mountain, there is no other edict, do not violate the high ambition, and allow the view, with the table to stay in the heart. Mr. Unknown has already passed the Jiangwai sooner or later, and the camp of Dongyu, what should he do? Recently, it has made Taishi Xue Yi and others go to the past, and Xuan Xuanyi has been ordered. ”

In the same year, Yuanzhi said that his disciple Lai Shizheng said: "I saw the immortal, and I mistakenly damaged a boy's kiss when I was a child, and I was not allowed to ascend to heaven in the daytime." See the young uncle, will be on the way. "The next day, bathe, put on a crown, burn incense and go to bed. Died at the age of one hundred and twenty-six. After two years of exposure, he posthumously presented the far-sighted doctor, and said that Mr. Shengzhen. Then the sky is in the court, and the golden purple Guanglu doctor is posthumously presented. In the second year of heaven's grant, he changed his name to Mr. Shengxuan.

Maoshan Taoist priests are called "Qing disciples" or "three-cave disciples" in the Tao, and they mainly focus on the cultivation of Taoist monasticism, and pay attention to the cultivation of civilization and religious morality. Study the Taoist scriptures, abide by the precepts, and practice the essence of the Taoist teachings of the Heavenly Master. The Maoshan sect has a more systematic doctrine and standardized religious rituals.

In the Song Dynasty, Liu Mingkang was at the peak of his primitive. Zhezong once summoned him to treat Empress Meng's illness.

In the fourth year of Shaosheng, he ordered Jiangning Mansion to expand the Maoshan Qianshen Nunnery where he lived into the Yuan Fu Temple. After Huizong ascended the throne, the imperial decree expanded the Yuan Fu Temple as "Yuan Fu Wanning Palace", and gave Liu Mingkang the nine old immortals to the jade seal and jade sword, and personally wrote the "Duren Sutra", "Qingjing Sutra" and "Liujia Divine Rune" to give it. After Liu Mingkang's death, Huizong posthumously presented him with "Mr. Baozhenguan Miaochong and Mr. Taifu". "Sanmao worships the strictness, and it is not prosperous in Si Shi". From the Southern Dynasty to the Northern Song Dynasty, the Maoshan sect flourished for hundreds of years and has always been the mainstream of Taoism. After the Southern Song Dynasty, it gradually declined, but it was still inherited, and sometimes there was a high road name in the world.

To the Yuan Dynasty, the famous Taoist priest Du Daojian entered the Yuan Shizu, Fengxi Shu mentioned Taoism, the abbot of Hangzhou Zongyang Palace, the first year of Huangqing, Renzong awarded the title of "Longdao Chongzhen Chongzheng Zhenren". Later, there was Maoshan Taoist priest Zhang Yu, who was famous for his poetry and painting in the late Yuan Dynasty. In the eighth year of Yuan Chengzong Dade, the Yuan Room sealed the thirty-eighth generation of Heavenly Master Zhang Hecai as the head of Zhengyi, the general leader of the three mountain talismans, and the Maoshan Sect Qing Sect altar was merged into Zhengyi. As a sect of Taoism, although it still has a heritage, it is already at the end of the strong crossbow.

According to the "Maoshan Chronicles", the Maoshan Sect has a total of 45 generations of heir masters. The first generation is called Taishi, the second generation is called Xuanshi, the third generation is called Zhenshi, and all subsequent generations are called grandmasters. The vast majority of the heir masters were born in the secluded homes of Jurong, Danyang, Lishui, Jintan and other counties near Maoshan for generations, and were influenced by Taoism since childhood. Before the Song Huizong, the teaching of the master of the law was generally based on the Qing scriptures transmitted by Yang Xi, Xu Mu, and Xu Hui. Since Liu Mingkang received the jade seal and jade sword of the Nine Old Immortal Capital Monarchs rewarded by the imperial court, the seal sword was added to the Dharma transmission token of the Grandmaster. Now the four treasures of the nine old immortals are still hidden in the Maoshan Taoist Academy, which is the "Four Treasures of Zhenshan".

The Maoshan Sect worships the Yuan Shi Tianzun as the supreme god. He mainly inherits and practices the "Qing Dadong Sutra" made by Yang Xi, Xu Mi and Xu Hui, and also studies the "Lingbao Sutra", "Three Emperors Sutra" and "Heavenly Master Taoist Sutra Precepts". The practice method is mainly based on thinking about the gods and chanting scriptures, and the cultivation theory has been basically formed in Tao Hongjing's time, and then gradually shaped by Wang Yuanzhi, Pan Shizheng, Sima Chengzhen, Li Hanguang and others. The Maoshan sect also advocates alchemy. The "True Message" practiced by the sect in the past dynasties contains many stories of alchemy and eating to become immortals. There is Tao Hongjing's alchemy site near Maoshan Huayang Palace, Emperor Wu of Liang once took Tao Hongjing's alchemy, and Tang Xuanzong and Song Huizong were also very interested in Maoshan Taoist alchemy. In the past dynasties, dignitaries and scholars have nearly 200 poems chanting the alchemy site of Maoshan Mountain.

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