readx;? years, neither Egypt nor the Hittites wanted to fight anymore. The most direct reason for the www.biquge.info of the two countries to negotiate peace was the threat of the Assyrians. Hattuhili III made a request to Egypt to conclude a treaty, sending to Egypt a draft of the contract written on a silver plate.

Ramses II drew up his own draft on this basis, which was sent to the Hittite king.

The two countries signed the earliest surviving international peace treaty in human history, the Peace of the Silver Plate, also known as the Treaty of Kadesh, in the Egyptian capital of Peer-Ramses, ending the state of war. This is the first example of the settlement of a war conflict through "diplomatic" means.

The full text of the treaty is inscribed in hieroglyphic script on the walls of the temples of Karnak and Ramsiums (Thebes) in Egypt. It is a copy of the original manuscript. The manuscript was probably written in Hittite and Babylonian cuneiform script, which was used internationally at the time, and clay copies with Babylonian cuneiform were found in the archives of the Hittite capital of Hattusa.

In addition to its illustrative content, the Peace Treaty consists of a preamble and nine articles, namely:

(1) the establishment of permanent peace;

(2) non-aggression treaties;

(3) the obligations of the Hittite kings to carry out the previous treaties;

(4) the obligations of Pharaoh Ramses II of Egypt to implement this treaty;

(5) the obligation of mutual military assistance;

(6) the obligation of the Hittite state not to admit Egyptian exiles;

(7) Egypt's obligation not to admit Hittite exiles;

(8) God's punishment for the violators and the promise of reward for the keepers;

(9) Extradition of exiles, etc.

The peace treaty stipulated that the border between the two sides was within Canaan, indicating that Egypt had withdrawn from Syria and was showing great concessions. Even the borders are drawn in Canaan. Ramses II, on the other hand, showed how heroic he was through his propaganda, but made the greatest concessions in the treaty.

This peace treaty already had the basic core content of the peace treaty between Western countries, indicating that the international law at that time had already taken shape.

The contract was a reflection of the nature of this protracted war for supremacy between two large slave countries. Not only did Egypt and the Hittites legitimize their occupation of Syria and Canaan (Palestine) by virtue of the paper contract, but the treaty itself became a military alliance treaty, in which both sides pledged to support each other militarily in the face of threats from third countries, and both sides pledged to support each other in the face of internal dangers.

The war between the Hittite and Egypt and the signing of the final treaty are of great significance in the history of international relations in the world. This was the first time in the history of mankind that two great powers in different regions (Egypt in North Africa and Hittite in Asia Minor) had been engaged in long-term wars and negotiations for hegemony and the division of spheres of influence in an important area outside each other's borders. At the same time, other surrounding powers such as Mitanni, Assyria, and Babylon were also involved in this complex military and diplomatic struggle to varying degrees. This also indicates that the relationship between the ancient civilizations in the eastern Mediterranean region has become increasingly close, and they have begun to break the state of isolation, isolation and isolation, and gradually connect organically.

In the same year, the new king of Mitanni, Shatuwara II, betrayed Assyria and turned to the Hittites for help in the state of Alamu, which had been established by the Aramians in Syria.

Hattuhili III had already secured his position, and sent troops to form an alliance with Mitanni and the Alamesian tribes in Syria, ready for all wars.

During the reign of the Assyrian king Salmanesel I, Assyria launched a counterattack against Mitanni.

When the Assyrian army entered the mountains to attack the Mitanni army, the Mitanni army occupied various passages and water sources in the mountain range, so that the Assyrian army faced the disaster of having no water to drink as they advanced.

However, the Assyrian king Salmanesel I, with superior forces, fought back and defeated the coalition forces. He claimed to have killed one soldier, and the rest were blinded or taken as prisoners.

His inscription mentions the conquest of nine fortressed temples, the destruction of 180 Hurrian cities reduced to rubble, and the slaughter of the Hittites and Aramaeans by Salmanesel I like sheep.

Numerous cities from Taitu to Iretu, as well as Mount Kahiar to Eruhat, Sutu Sudu Fortress and Haranu to Calkemysh on the banks of the Euphrates were conquered by Assyria.

The Assyrians captured Kahat, the last capital of Mitanni, and built a temple to the Assyrian god Atad in the city. The kingdom of Mitanni perished.

Unable to save the kingdom of Mitanni, the Hittites, allied with Babylon and launched an economic war aimed at blocking Assyria's trade with the outside world, which lasted for many years but ultimately failed.

Ramses II married the eldest daughter of the Hittite king Hatushili III, and the two countries further strengthened Egypt's military alliance with the Hittites through a political marriage to counter the threat posed by Assyria and other states.

Tudhaliyah IV, reigned: years.

In the year of Hatthulili III's son, Tudhariyah IV, who succeeded to the Hittite throne and was the eleventh king of the Hittite New Kingdom.

By the time of Tudhaliyah IV, the Hittite navy was already beginning to take shape.

Tudhaliyah IV annexed the island of Cyprus.

In the year of the Assyrian king Tukuleti Ninurtha I, the Assyrian king continued to wage war against the Hittites, who were defeated one after another.

The greatest battle between the two countries took place at Nehiria, the Hittites were defeated, and the Assyrians captured thousands of captives.

The Hittites were thus invaded by the Assyrians for many territories, and even Assyria invaded Asia Minor.

Tudhaliyah IV was the last king to be able to defend the Assyrians beyond the central Anatolian plateau at the heart of the Hittite.

The successive defeats of the Hittites caused discontent within the Hittite royal family.

In that year, Muwatari II's son Kulunta rebelled and proclaimed himself Hittite king, but was destroyed by Tudhaliyah IV a year later.

Arnuvanda III, reign: years.

In the year of Tudhaliyah IV's son, Arnuwanda III, succeeded to the Hittite throne and was the twelfth king of the New Hittite Kingdom.

Supiruli Uma II, reigned for years.