readx;? In 2537 BC, Anub seized the city of Mari and declared independence, establishing the Mari dynasty, which was then subordinate to the Shamash dynasty's rule over the two rivers as an ordinary vassal state. Pen, fun, and www.biquge.info

Anub, reigned: 30 years, 2537-2507 BC

Ampa Anba, reigned 17 years, 2507-2490 BC.

In 2507 BC, Anbu's son Ampat succeeded to the throne of Mari.

Paz Bazi, reign: 30 years, 2490-2460 BC

In 2490 BC, the cobbler-turned-Paz mutinied and seized the throne of Marry.

Zizizi, reigned 20 years, 2460-2440 BC

In 2460 BC, the waiter-turned-Ziz mutinied and seized the throne of Mari.

Limel, reign: 30 years, 2440-2410 BC

In 2440 BC, the priestly Liemel mutinied and seized the throne of Mari.

In 2425 BC, Mari launched an attack on the state of Nagar, which occupied the canal's waterways, and defeated Nagar, blocking the trade route between Ebra and the city of Kish in southern Mesopotamia. The move caused strong resentment from King Ul Zappapa, King of the Third Dynasty of Kish.

Subsequently, the Kish Third Dynasty formed an alliance with the Ebla and Nagar dynasties (both in Syria) against the Maris.

In 2420 BC, the coalition forces made contact with Maris near Tergar, and the Ebla Prime Minister, Ibi Subishh, fired the first shot of the war, and he led the coalition to victory. The coalition also attacked and captured Amiarmi, and appointed Epi-Supish as his son Ens Malik as governor (governor).

Eventually, the coalition invaded Mari, after which the nations withdrew, and only the younger brother of Urzapapa, King of the Third Dynasty of Kish, led an army to garrison Mari, leaving the city of Kish empty.

Soon after, Uruk joined forces with the Semitic army to attack Kish. After the final battle, Uruk died and Kish's strength was greatly damaged. The original garrison was withdrawn, and Marry regained his strength, even more arrogant because he was not suppressed by your Zappapa.

Shalam Itel, reigned 9 years, 2410-2401 BC.

In 2410 BC, Shalam Itaer succeeded to the throne of Maris of Lime.

In 2408 BC, Mari gained the upper hand under the leadership of the king and captured many of the cities of Ebla. It also captured the central city of Atab in the Sumerian region. Mari became the new political center of the two river basins. This is the second time that the Eastern Semites have achieved regional hegemony. However, the Shamash dynasty was a unified dynasty similar to the later Akkadian dynasty, and ruled the valley of the two rivers for hundreds of years, while the Marish dynasty was only a temporary leader during the period of the city-states' struggle for supremacy.

In 2405 BC, Ebla was captured by Marre, and Isar Tamu, King of the First Dynasty of Ebra, was killed in battle.

Mari began a campaign against the remnants of the First Dynasty, concentrating on the Ebra region.

In 2401 BC, the Kish Third Dynasty seized the opportunity of the emptiness of the Marish army and suddenly attacked and occupied the city of Mari, and the Marish dynasty was destroyed.

Although the Marai dynasty fell, its strength remained undamaged, and it was concentrated in the Ebla region.

In 2400 BC, the Marish army fought fiercely with the remnants of Ecala's army at Terga, and the last king of the First Ebra Dynasty, Ilrak Tamu, was killed in battle, and the First Ekara Dynasty was completely destroyed.

The main force of the Marui army took the city of Ebra as its capital and established the Second Dynasty of Ebra, also known as the Kingdom of Marriot.

Due to the fact that the city of Mari was at war with the Sumerians and was occupied, the Sumerization was the most complete of the northern cities.

The inhabitants of the city of Marare were originally predominantly Eastern Semites, who followed the monotheistic religion of the Semitic tradition, as in the cities of Akkadian and Ashur. However, he began to fully accept the polytheism of the Sumerians, believing in Sumerian gods, such as Ishtar and the mother goddess Ninhursaag, and the only Semitic god was the sun god Shamash, but it also had the shadow of the Sumerian god Utu.

As a result, the city of Mari gradually prospered, and successively established temples of Ishtar (Aianna), the goddess of the earth, Ninhursag (Kai), Shamash, etc., the most important of which was the Ishtar Temple. In these temples, many relics such as statues of gods and kings, pottery, shell inlays, stone seals, bronzes, etc., have been found. The temple of Ishtar is in Marre, while the temple of Eanna is in Uruk. Legend has it that the two are the same god. But Ishtar's function is more singular as the god of Venus, representing the stars. The Akshaks worship Isikul with a similar name, but they are true Semitic gods.

In addition, the remains of this period include many tombs and the ruins of a palace. The excavated relics show that Mari was an important transportation point in Western Asia at that time, and was deeply influenced by Sumerian culture.

The Mari dynasty experienced a total of 6 kings and 136 years.

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"Marry was defeated, and the royal power shifted to Kish. ”

In 2513 BC, Ku Papa established the Third Dynasty of Kish.

Ku Pappa, in some sources, is recorded as your-, who was the keeper of the tavern, was in charge of the finances of the city of Kish, and was the only woman in the Sumerian Table. Her hometown is "Tidnum". Because its hometown is in the northern Semitic settlement, it is speculated that it may be a Semitic people, and the author also believes that this is very likely, and its name is very similar to the characteristics of the Eastern Semites. It also reflects the increasing participation of the Semites in the Sumerian regime at that time, and these Semites who participated in the Sumerian regime were highly Sumerianized people, except for the difference in skin color, they were standard Sumerians in everything they spoke and did. Even its identification with the Sumerians is higher than with the Semites.

Therefore, Ku Papa was the first Semitic to receive the title of Sumerian king, and the previous Shamash and Mari dynasties were all Semitic regimes from top to bottom.

And it established the third dynasty of Kish, is the king of Kish, the most important state of the Sumerians, the significance is not trivial, and since then, the royal power of Kish has been controlled in the hands of this group, although it has no intention of giving all the royal power to the Semites, but its becoming the king itself inspired the latecomers, most of the kings of the third and fourth dynasties of the entire Kish were born Semites, and the generals in charge of the military were also born Semites, so that some soldiers used their power to launch mutinies. Even the Akkadian Sargon, who later unified the two river valleys, was crowned king at Kish, thus beginning his quest for supremacy. On the contrary, the cities that were Semitic from top to bottom were just a flash in the pan.

Under his rule, ministers were both Semitic and Sumerian, and military power was often in the hands of the Semites, while politics was in the hands of the Sumerians.