Chapter 48: The Reunification of Mitanni

readx;? In order to win Egypt's support, Tushrata sent his daughter Tatu Hopa (or Tatukipa as Tatukippa) to Egypt to marry Ehatun. Pen, fun, pavilion www. biquge。 info

However, at that time, the rule of Ekhatun of Egypt was coming to an end, and he was only focused on the Reformation, and he was unable or unwilling to send troops to interfere in Mitanni's internal affairs.

Later, Tushrata appealed to the vassal state of Assyria for help. This was the reign of King Ereba Attad I of Assyria.

In the same year, Assyria sent troops to mediate the dispute between Tushratha and Artatama II, although it did not save Tushrata's decline, but in exchange for Assyria and Mitanni's equal status, and Mitanni's royal family began to appear friendly with Assyria. Pro-Assyriologists emerged in the royal family.

In this way, Ereba Attad I not only interrupted Mitanni's influence on Assyria, but in turn allowed Assyria to have an influence on Mitanni's state affairs.

The new king of Assyria, Ashur Ubarit I, ascended the throne, marking the emergence of one of the most ambitious and powerful kings in Assyrian history.

In the capital city of Taytu, one of Tushrata's sons conspired with his vizier to kill his father, Tushrata. Then he wanted to kill his brother Shatiwaza, and Shatiwaza was forced to flee.

As a result of his actions, the situation in Taitu was violently unstable, and Artatama II of Sutuwara seized the opportunity to march and reunite the divided kingdom of Mitanni, with Sutuwara as its capital.

Artatama II, reigned: years. Simultaneous with Tushrata.

In the same year, Tushrata's younger brother, with the support of the Hittites, established himself as King of Mitanni, the ninth king of the Mitanni dynasty, with Shutuwala as his capital.

Artatama II signed a treaty with Supiluluma I recognizing the Hittites' legitimate possession of the occupied western bank of the Euphrates River in northern Syria, and the two countries entered into an alliance in exchange for the Hittites withdrawing their troops from Vashukani and supporting Artatama II as the new King of Mitanni.

With the support of the Hittites, Artatama II gradually gained the upper hand in the struggle against Tushrata.

In the same year, Assyria sent troops to mediate the dispute between Tushratha and Artatama II, although it did not save Tushrata's decline, but in exchange for Assyria and Mitanni's equal status, and Mitanni's royal family began to appear friendly with Assyria. Pro-Assyriologists emerged in the royal family.

Voices of reconciliation gradually emerged within Mitanni, and the civil war showed signs of ending.

In the year, there was a rebellion in Taitu, Tushrata was killed, and Taiyitu was in chaos. Tushrata's elder brother, Artatama II, took the opportunity to unify Mitanni with Shutuwala as his capital.

In order to ease relations with Assyria, Brnabrias II, the king of the Third Babylonian Dynasty, married Mubalitat Shuruwa, the daughter of the Assyrian princess Ashulat I, as queen.

Artatama II, with the support of the Hittites, united Mitanni just as the people of Mitanni rejoiced at the unification of the country. A new conspiracy is brewing.

The unification of the two sides, both Hittite and Mitanni, was happy, but only Assyria suffered from the loss.

Artatama II's son, Shutarna III, had military power and had long wanted to replace his father on the throne, but Artatama II had always had good relations with the Hittites, and Shutarna III did not dare to act rashly. If there is no way to resist the Hittites, both internal and external pressures will make it impossible to gain a foothold.

Ashur Ubarit I used the pro-Assyrian faction within Mitanni to gain a clear understanding of the situation within Mitanni.

Knowing the mind of Shutarna III, Ashul Ubarit I established direct contact with Shutalna III, promising to help Mitanni defend himself against the Hittite threat after he took the throne of Mitanni.

After receiving this assurance, Shutarna III finally let go of all his worries.

In that year, Shutarna III staged a mutiny and killed his father, Artama II.

Shutarna III, reigned: years. Contemporary of the Hittite king Supiruliuma I.

In that year, Artatama II's son, Shutarna III, mutinied with the support of Assyria and seized the throne of Mitanni, becoming the tenth king of the kingdom of Mitanni.

Artama II, who had been a good friend of the Hittites, was killed, and the pro-Hittite forces within the Mitanni royal family were dealt a heavy blow.

When Shutarna III came to power, he signed a treaty with the Assyrian king Ashul Ubarit I, ceding part of the land on the border between Mitanni and Assyria to Assyria in exchange for Assyria's support.

Shutarna III wisely maintained good relations with Assyria and returned to Assyria the gates of the royal palace (the Golden Gate and the Silver Gate) that had been plundered from Assyria, which had been snatched back to Vashukani from Assyria during the reign of King Saushitatar of Mitanni. Such booty became a political symbol of Assyria's submission to Mitanni. Now that they have returned to Assyria, Assyria has become a political entity equal to Mitanni.

Neither Assyria nor the Hittites actually wanted to see Mitanni reunited. In particular, the Hittite king Supiruliuma I was even more disappointed, and the killing of his supporter, Artatama II, made the Hittite losses even greater. The original signed treaty of cession was not recognized by Shutarna III, and its territory in northern Syria was threatened by Mitanni.

After three years in power, Shutarna III felt that his strength had increased greatly, and in that year, he eliminated the pro-Assyrians in Mitanni. Although Mitanni did not fight against Assyria, he showed his intention to reject Assyria's participation in Mitanni's internal affairs, and reasserted himself as the suzerainty of Assyria, and began to become arrogant in his dealings with Assyria.

The reunited Mitanni faced threats from both the Hittites and Assyria. The two countries began to connect.

In that year, Ashur Ubarit I, king of the Middle Kingdom of Assyria, married the Hittites and allied themselves with the Hittites against Mitanni.

It can be seen that at that time, in order to confront Mitanni, Ashur Ubalit I contacted almost all the major influential powers at that time, and his diplomacy was deeply rooted in the essence of the united front, concentrating all the forces that could be used by the Hittites, Kassites, etc.