readx;? Emperor Xin (纣) > Emperor Xin, reigned in years. Pen "Fun" Pavilion www.biquge.info

Di Xin, the surname of the child, the name of the Shou, the nickname of the Emperor, also known as the Shoude, the King of the Shang, the King of Shang, the King of Yin, the thirtieth monarch of the Shang Dynasty.

Di Yi has three sons, the eldest son is called Wei Ziqi, the second son is called Wei Zhongyan, all of them are concubines, and the third son is called Shou Xin, who was born in the main palace. Emperor Yi once wanted to establish Weizi Qi as the crown prince, and the ministers all advised that the son of the main palace should be established. So, he made Xin the crown prince. After the death of Emperor Yi, Xin succeeded to the throne, this is Emperor Xin, King Wu of Zhou called the world "纣" after the Shang Dynasty, because the law on the "纣" means that the righteousness is bad and good.

Emperor Xin is gifted, eloquent, quick to act, very receptive, and has great strength, able to fight beasts with his bare hands. He is wise enough to refuse the advice of his subordinates, and his words are enough to cover up his own mistakes. He boasted in front of the ministers by his talents, and exalted himself everywhere by his prestige, believing that all the people in the world were inferior to him. If you use one word to describe it, it is wise and martial, rigid and self-serving.

Many famous kings in history have such character traits, such as Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Taizong of the Tang Dynasty, Taizu of the Ming Dynasty, and Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty. Therefore, the king would rather choose an ordinary successor than an outstanding successor in all aspects, because they do not know how to be modest, they are always successful, they cannot accept the advice of others, and they even have a rebellious mentality, deliberately doing the opposite. Therefore, once frustrated, it is easy to have the mentality of self-abandonment and let the situation continue to deteriorate.

In the year, Di Yi's son Di Xin inherited the throne of the Shang Dynasty, with Yin (Anyang, Henan) as the capital.

According to "The Romance of the Gods": In the first chapter, Di Yi was mentioned, saying that he had three sons, and "King Shou" (that is, Di Xin, King of Shang) was the youngest son. Before his death, Emperor Yi entrusted King Shou to Taishi Wenzhong. According to historical records, Emperor Yi's ministers of Tuogu include Wang Bo Taishi Jizi and Wang Shu Shaoshi Bigan, while Wen Zhong is not recorded in the history books.

The Shang Dynasty has always implemented the system of brother to brother, that is, as long as the king dies, the brother is still there, although there is a son, the brother must inherit it, which is the cause of the rebellion of the early Shang Dynasty IX.

Therefore, after arriving in Wuyi, in order to fundamentally solve this problem, the Shang Dynasty began to abandon this system and implement the father-son inheritance system.

This effectively deprived the brothers of their inheritance, and from Wu Yi onwards, there was constant infighting. Therefore, Di Xin's accession to the throne is actually contrary to the interests of Jizi and Bigan.

The author believes that Di Yi was worried that his elder brother Jizi and younger brother Bigan would take away his son's throne, so out of the scene, he had to arrange for Jizi and Bigan to assist Emperor Xin in handling the government, and the most important military power would definitely arrange his real henchmen to assist Emperor Xin, so as to line up the influence of the brothers on the army. And this general is very likely to be Wen Zhong, who did not leave his name in the history books.

Therefore, in fact, Di Yi left at least three ministers for Di Xin, Wang Bo Taishi Jizi, Wang Shu Shaoshi Bigan, Jizi and Bigan were mainly court politics, and the most important military aspect was Wen Zhong.

Although Wu Yi had reformed the inheritance system, if the Shang king had no way, Jizi and Bigan were indeed qualified to become the new Shang kings.

"Mencius: Ten Thousand Chapters" states that Mencius explained to King Xuan of Qi the difference between the Qing of noble relatives and the Qing of different surnames, saying:

The king said, "May I ask your relatives?" He said: "If you have a big mistake, you will admonish, and if you don't listen to it repeatedly, you will be transposed." The king changed color and said, "The king is not different." The king asked the ministers, but the ministers did not dare not take it seriously. Wang Seding, and then asked the secretary with a different surname, and said: "If you have a mistake, you will admonish, and if you don't listen to it repeatedly, you will go." ”

After the king made a mistake, the secretary of the noble relatives and the secretary of the different surname began to treat it in the same way, which was to admonish. If the king does not listen, the final way of dealing with it is different: the secretary with a different surname has to leave disappointed, and the secretary of the noble relatives can take his place.

What Mencius said just reflects the characteristics of the **** period of the clan aristocracy in the early state stage, called "God changes the son, and the nobles change their positions".

At that time, people regarded the change of throne and power as a matter between royal families with the same surname (royal relatives) and noble relatives (relatives of the opposite sex), and outsiders were not allowed to interfere. This is also the tradition of many dynastic successions in history, such as the Shang --- relatives of King Wu of Zhou, from the perspective of matrilineal, the ancestors of the Shang Dynasty were also the ancestors of King Wen of Zhou and King Wu of Zhou, so they were eligible to obtain the throne, and Emperor Wen of Sui --- relatives of the Northern Zhou.

From this tradition, it can be seen that the powerful ministers in history married their daughters to the emperor, in fact, they were preparing for the change of dynasty, because as a powerful minister of the opposite sex, only by becoming a relative can he be qualified to become a new son of heaven. If you don't follow this tradition and are eager to pull the emperor off the horse, you will become a rebellious minister and thief who has been infamous in the history books for thousands of years.

After Di Xin succeeded to the throne, due to the rise of the Zhou people, threatening the west of the Shang Dynasty, originally, when Di Yi was in power, he planned to move his troops to attack Zhou after defeating Yi Fang, but because Di Yi's reign was too short, so he asked Di Xin to eradicate the hidden danger of Zhou. Because Emperor Xin ascended the throne at the beginning of the year, the emperor's throne was unstable, so he had to make a false accusation and greatly reward the princes from all walks of life, especially the appointment of the nine marquis, the marquis of Yan (the marquis of E), and the marquis of Zhou as the false titles of the three dukes.

The Marquis of E, the father-in-law of Emperor Xin, was fiefdom in Qinyang City, Jiaozuo, Henan.

Ji Chang, reigned in: year.

Ji Chang, Ji surname, name Chang. Born in the year.

In the year, Ji Li's son Ji Chang inherited the title of West Earl of Zhou, and was called Xibohou by the people of the time, and was posthumously named King Wen of Zhou by King Wu. Qi (Qishan County and Fufeng County, Baoji, Shaanxi) is the capital. At this time, Ji Chang was 40 years old.

During the reign of Qi, Ji Chang pursued the rule of virtue internally. "Historical Records of Zhou Benji" records that Ji Chang followed the business of Houji and Gong Liu, followed the law of his ancestor Gu Gong and his father Ji Li, and advocated the social atmosphere of "benevolence, respect for the elderly, mercy for the young, and sage under courtesy", so that the social economy of the Zhou State could develop.

During the Jichang period, it was already in the embryonic period of the feudal system, and the implementation of Yumin politics was to collect taxes in moderation, so that the peasants could have savings to stimulate their interest in labor.

Ji Chang adopted the policy of "91 and help", that is, dividing the fields, allowing farmers to help cultivate the public land and pay one-ninth of the tax. As long as the peasants collectively help cultivate the middle public land when cultivating the eight private fields, and use the harvest of this public field to hand over to the government, the harvest of the other eight fields is completely owned by themselves. This is the first time that the Ida system has been implemented.

Merchants do not charge customs duties when they come and go, some people commit crimes and their wives do not sit and wait, the punishment is greatly reduced, and the story of painting the ground as a prison happened during the reign of Ji Chang.