Pig iron, wrought iron and steel are all iron-carbon alloys, the difference is in the content, the carbon content > 1.7% is pig iron, the carbon content < 0.2% is wrought iron, and in between the two is steel.

Pig iron is hard and brittle, wrought iron is soft and tough, and steel has the advantages of both.

In Europe, iron ore is abundant and abundant, there is no lack of iron ore with an iron content of more than 90%, even if you dig a pit in the open pit and put some wood and ore burned together to smelt wrought iron mass, therefore, it entered the iron age very early, but, because of this, there has been no raw iron. The result of not having the iron casting technique is that although they entered the Iron Age early, the iron tools did not

Many, it's barely enough to give a few knights armor and weapons, and arm more troops, hehe. It is even more important to make farming tools for farmers to reclaim wasteland.

In China, the situation is just the opposite, in China, iron ore with an iron content of more than 30% is considered to be a rich mine, you must know that the slag of European smelting furnaces after smelting, the iron content is 40~50%, and these slags can be sold as iron ore in China. Therefore, China entered the Iron Age very late, so to speak, it is almost the same as the smelting technology

So, basically as soon as we entered the Iron Age, pig iron, wrought iron, and steel came out almost together.

Another theory is that Europe and China are different in that when they entered the Iron Age, there seems to have been a discontinuity in smelting techniques, and the furnaces they used to make iron were closer to the furnaces of the early copper smelters, rather than the more efficient furnaces of the late copper smelters, as if the craftsmen who made iron were not transferred from the craftsmen who made copper, but a group of new people who did not know where they came from

Learn to smelt.

There is also a view that pig iron needs a blast furnace to form a large number of objects at a time, and once the blast furnace starts to work, it cannot be stopped, it must be refined one furnace after another, and once the furnace is stopped, its cost will rise greatly, unlike the Chinese Empire, which armed hundreds of thousands of troops with a large-scale government iron industry to hire professionals to promote agricultural iron (this behavior has been sprayed for two thousand years).

In the case of small countries in the Middle Ages in Europe, wrought iron furnaces are more economical and cost-effective (and no one sprays) As for whether pig iron blast furnaces are not cost-effective, or because the production of wrought iron is small, it is only enough to fight weapons, resulting in underdeveloped agriculture, resulting in sparse land, insufficient taxes, and insufficient salaries for subordinates, and only fiefdoms, resulting in small countries with chickens and dogs everywhere, that

It's up to you.

In short, no matter what the opinion is, Luo Yi's idea of improving agricultural production efficiency by casting agricultural iron tools in large quantities can only be slowed down first.

She paced depressedly to the workshop behind her, and except for a few iron ingots of various sizes against the wall, the facilities in this workshop looked no different from the one in her castle, which can still be found in many underdeveloped parts of the world today: a simple stove for softening iron, a workbench, and a sledgehammer

A helper and a master who adjusts the workpiece to be machined with pliers. They used hammering to process iron ingots into swords, axes, hammers, scissors and knives, and steel. Then she saw a board with several holes, which the shopkeeper described as a wire puller, through which the flexible wrought iron was drawn into wire, and then woven into the chain mail worn by knights.

When the Romans still used cast copper to make armor, their armor was the same scale style as the Chinese, and later because of the material, the Chinese who replaced cast copper with cast iron continued to walk on the road of scale armor, and the Europeans changed to fishnet chain mail because wrought iron was more convenient to make iron wire than iron sheets.

When she left the blacksmith shop, Luo Yi still ordered an iron plow, and then she asked the shopkeeper for a bolted horse stone, saying that it was a strange style to take back as decoration, and the shopkeeper gave it very generously.

The man, along with the shopkeeper and his entourage, lifted the bulky guy into the carriage, which made Luo Yi's carriage creak.

"What do you want this for?" Although Luo Yi didn't pay, Xie Pu couldn't help but ask: "There is one on the stone mountain." ”

"You think it's stone?"

"Uh, it's slag."

"You think it's slag." Luo Yi didn't say much, because her cognition may be wrong, maybe it is slag, she looked at the dome of the church in the distance melancholy, these people have built such a magnificent and beautiful church, why don't they put more effort into farming...... There are other aspects.

Oh yes, for these people, heaven is more important than earth, God is more important than man, nothing else is important compared to ascension, what is there to wallow in a dungpit all day, as long as the soul is clean and can ascend to heaven, it is a thousand times cleaner than a pagan bathing in incense - let alone the unbelievers in China.

Luo Yi has been traveling to this world for a few days, and he is no longer as ignorant of the logic of the people in this world as he was at the beginning.

At the same time, some of the things she had seen before but didn't understand seemed to be much easier to understand.

For example, the story of Solomon's building of the temple.

The name Solomon is very awkward, when Luo Yi was still watching the story of "The Fisherman and the Devil" in "One Thousand and One Nights", he saw this great name "Solomon", it is said that he is the smartest person in the world, he used a spell to bind the seventy-two demon gods to serve him, and the protagonist of the story, the devil, was suppressed by him with a seal for three thousand years.

Later, in order to pretend to be forced to read the Bible, Luo Yi read Solomon's story.

Solomon worshipped God, strengthened his nation, was the wisest man in the world, and under his reign the people of Israel lived happily, and there was as much silver in his city as there were stones, and the queen of Sheba was impressed with his wisdom and gave him a great deal of incense and gold. He had seven hundred wives, all princesses (!) And three hundred concubines......

Luo Yi counted it with his fingers when he read this, and felt incomprehensible, there must be three princesses from each country in the world to be enough for Solomon's ** number...... Then she continued reading.

In order to thank God, Solomon built a splendid temple, which was built with "great and precious stones", and then pasted Lebanese cedar wood from the inside out, so that it was not visible that it was covered with stone, and then pasted gold on the cedar wood, and the cedar wood was not visible at all—as for it, why not just put it with gold, Luo Yi thought.

After the temple was completed, Solomon sacrificed 20,000 cows and 120,000 sheep to God, which was really a big deal, and Luo Yi couldn't help but be amazed, and then she was even more amazed.

For, the wise Solomon, ceded the twenty-two cities of Galilee to Tyre in order to pay for the Lebanese timber used to build the temple (and his own palaces built at the same time) (Luo Yi once again sighed why he didn't directly paste the gold......

Cutting the land in order to build a temple, this kind of large-scale effort, Luo Yi still doesn't remember which emperor in Chinese history dared to do this......

Of course, there are those who embezzled military funds to build temples and gardens, and then suffered a defeat and were forced to cede the land, Luo Yi also knew that there were people in Lu Dao who gave Hu people a number of land and cities in one breath for the sake of the so-called great power temperament in name and privately for the sake of the party, but they also pretended to be Yao Shun, but ...... Wait a minute!

She turned to the passage before and after Solomon's accession to the throne.

Solomon's father, King David, sent people out to fight, and he himself had nothing to do, and while wandering around on the top of the palace, while looking at the courtyards of the common people's houses, he saw that one of his wives was beautiful, so he took her to live with her, and then the woman became pregnant, so David called her husband back to report the war, and by the way gave him a father to do, but this man was bent on doing it

Male, he didn't go home. King David wrote a letter to the marshal who was leading the army to war, and within two days, the uninteresting husband died in the city, David reprimanded the marshal, and then accepted the new widow of the martyr who died for the country as his wife to take care of the martyr's family.

God could not stand this any longer, and sent a priest named Nathan to condemn David and put the woman's son to death.

The woman later gave birth to a son, Solomon, and was beloved by God and gave him the name Jedia through Nathan, the priest who had previously condemned King David, as is often found in simple Bible stories.

Later, in the last days of King David, he had a son named Adonijah, who was supported by Joab the captain of the army and Abiath the priest, and Solomon was supported by Nathan the prophet and all the priests and warriors.

One day, Adonijah slaughtered sheep and oxen and feasted all the princes, but did not invite the prophets Nathan, Solomon, and others.

The prophet Nathan (who had earlier condemned King David for taking his wife, and whom Roy thought appeared a little too often in the story of Solomon's mother and son) ran to Solomon's mother and said, "Do you hear that? Adonijah is king! ”

Then he said, "I can come up with an idea to save you and your son's lives!" ”

His idea was to let Solomon's mother, King David's concubine, run to tell King David that Adonijah was king, and then he ran to confirm that Prince Adonijah had established himself king, and the crowd was cheering Long live King Adonija - it seems that although this prophet is not Chinese, he understands the truth of "three people become tigers", and you don't believe in one person,

One more, I'm not afraid you won't believe it.

The two acted according to their plan, and King David made Solomon his heir on the spot, and the priests of Solomon's faction, who had not been invited to the feast, gathered around Solomon, and went around blowing trumpets to gather the people to tell the news, and the city was thunderous, and the people who ate the feast did not know what had happened, and when they knew that the matter of the heir of the Dao was decided, they fled. After David's accession to the throne,

Adonijah lamented that it was God's will that he had won the kingdom - oh, when Loy read this, he thought it could be said that it was the wisdom of a prophet.

Since Solomon, the wise king, received the kingdom by the will of God, it was nothing to cede twenty-two cities as a reward to the gods. Twenty-two cities, compared to one throne, are very cheap and cost-effective.

It turns out that Luo Yi, who is a typical Chinese - that is to say, a typical pragmatist - thinks that the important thing in worshipping God is sincerity, no matter how gorgeous the temple you built, no matter how valuable the sacrifices are, can you surpass all the gods who claim to be omnipotent?

After a few days of "faithful" life, Luo Yi is no longer so naïve, God may not need gold and silver, but the priest and the church certainly need it......

They cannot be stingy.

The end of stinginess......

It's likely to follow in the footsteps of Prince Adonijah.

Before he was executed, Lees said, "How much I have thought about the days when I was a little servant leading a dog, before Prince Adonijah was executed by Solomon, did he say that he knew that inviting one less guest would cost him his life, and that he would rather live in a dunghill by himself than build a big ornate temple for the prophet with marble? No one knows what to do.