readx;? In the "biography" of "Shundian", the ins and outs of Sanmiao at that time were introduced: "Sanmiao, the name of the country, after the Jinyun clan, is the princes and is gluttonous. Pen Fun Pavilion wWw. ｂiquge。 In addition, its "Nominal Examination" also pointed out: "Sanmiao founded the country in Changsha, and the rule is Jiangnan, Jing and Yang. From these documents of the "Shundian", it seems that the ancient Sanmiao was originally a country in the south of the Yangtze River, which was built by the descendants of the Jinyun clan, and the so-called Jinyun clan was the name of the summer official of the Yellow Emperor, and its fief was in the Xiandu Mountain area of Jinyun Mountain in present-day Zhejiang Province, which was a prince under the name of the Yellow Emperor. "Historical Records Collection Explanation" quoted Shao said: "The Yellow Emperor was ordered, and there was Yunrui, so the cloud chronicle was also." The spring official is the table cloud, the summer official is the Jinyun, the autumn official is the white cloud, the winter official is the black cloud, and the middle official is the yellow cloud". List the official names of spring, summer, autumn and winter, such as "Zhou Li", Chunguan Zongbo is in charge of rituals and music, Xia Guan Sima is in charge of administrative and military, Autumn Guan Si Kou is in charge of criminal law bans, and Winter Guan is in charge of air traffic control project construction. As for the name of the tribal alliance held by each tribe after the Yellow Emperor became the leader of the tribal alliance, as recorded in the "Guanzi Five Elements", it is called "at that time" (Tianguan), "Yuzhi" (Diguan), "Tushi" (Chunguan), "Situ" (Xia Guan), "Sima" (Qiu Guan), and "Li" (Dong Guan).

Sanmiao was a fierce rival of Huaxia Group during the Yao, Shun and Yu periods. In order to plunder wealth and slaves, the Chinese people fought a long-term war with the Sanmiao tribe of the Miao Barbarian group in the south.

In 2313 BC, Sanmiao rebelled, and Yao sent troops to fight in Danshui (Gu, Fanxian County, Puyang, Henan), defeating Sanmiao. After the defeat of Sanmiao, he temporarily joined Yao's tribal alliance. There are documents that say that the leader of Sanmiao, Lu Dou, was "Yaochen" and was called "princes". "Liutao" said: "Yaofa has seedlings in Danshui Zhipu", and "Lü's Spring and Autumn Summoning" says that "Yao fights Danshui to subdue the Southern Barbarians". It can be seen that Sanmiao is also known as Nanban.

In 2309 BC, the Qu Sou clan came to worship and surrender to Yao.

The Qu Sou clan is an important branch of Xirong, and its submission shows that Yao's Central Plains Dynasty is thriving, strong, and its influence has reached as far as Shaanxi and Gansu.

In 2306 BC, when the flood had become large-scale, Yao ordered Gonggong (the official who controlled the water) to control the Yellow River.

In the spring of BC2296, the Yu clan came to pay tribute and offer arrow feathers.

After Yao came to power, he always paid attention to listening to the opinions of the people, and set up a "drum of desire to admonish" in front of the simple palace gate, and anyone who had any opinions or suggestions to him or the country could hit this drum at any time. In order to make it easier for the people to find the imperial court, he also asked people to set up a "slanderous wood" on the traffic artery, that is, to bury a wooden pillar, and there are guards next to the wooden pillar, and the people have opinions, they can state to the caretaker, and if the person is willing to go to the court, the caretaker will give guidance. Because he was able to hear the opinions of the people in a timely manner, Yao was very aware of the people's suffering.

In the early days of Yao's rule, there was no basic state system, and the state was only a tribal association, which was very loose and not conducive to the unified management of the country, so after Yao accumulated a certain amount of experience in governance, he began to establish a national political system, one of which was to appoint officials according to various government affairs, and for the first time in the history of our country, a relatively systematic political system was established, which laid the foundation for the emergence of a slave state.

There are nine heroes of Shi Zaiyao, or eleven people, which can be described as full of talents. But he is afraid of burying talents, and there are no virtuous people in the wild. Therefore, he often went deep into the poor countryside, went to the mountains and wilderness to search for details, asked for talents, inspected political gains and losses, and selected talents. Because Yao himself is already very old when he succeeds to the throne, he has been looking for talents who can succeed him.

Zhuang Zhou once said: Yao governs all the people in the world, makes the politics of the sea clear, and once went to the Gushu Mountain on the north bank of Fenshui to pay homage to the four famous people with Taoism. These four famous people are Fang Hui, Shanjuan, Cloth, and Xu You.

Yao consciously believes that virtue and wisdom are not as good as good volumes, and he realizes that for virtuous people, he must not be arrogant and arrogant, and must be humble and courteous, and visit him with the etiquette of a commoner to an elder and a student to a teacher, so that Shanjuan is in the main position, and Yao stands below, facing Bei Shili to ask for advice. Yao once wanted to make the world good, but he replied: "I wear leather clothes in winter and kudzu cloth in summer, sow in spring and harvest in autumn, work and rest, work at sunrise and rest at sunset, and am at ease between heaven and earth, satisfied, what do I want the world to do! Shanjuan thus left the north and went to live in seclusion in a karst cave in present-day Yixing County, Jiangsu Province in the south, and the description of Shanjuan Cave now indicates that he went from this place in present-day Shanxi.

Zhuang Zhou once said: "Yao's teacher is called Xu You, Xu You's teacher is lacking, the teacher who is lacking is called Wang Ni, and Wang Ni's teacher is clothed every day." ”

Cloak is Puyi, also written Puyi, named after its clothes. He lived in Pugu Mountain, and Yao personally visited him and worshiped him as a teacher. There is Puyi Village in Tailin Township, Puxian County, which is said to be the place where Puyi lives in seclusion, and Puyi Village is named after it. Near Pui Village, there is a place where Di Yao and Pu Yi talk about the avenue, which is later called the pulpit. There is also a place where Di Yao rested, which was later called the tax driving slope. Pu Yi, known as Pu Yizi, his Fang country was later called Puzi country, and later it was called Puzi County, now called Pu County. There is a poem left by the Qing people that "the sage of Pugu went with treasure, and the holy emperor of Pingyang came", which refers to the story of Emperor Yao's visit to Pu Yizi.

Di Yao's visit to Xian, the story of the most recorded visit to Xu You in ancient books. Xu You was a celebrity at that time. He advocates natural inaction, does not covet fame, fortune and wealth, insists on self-reliance, lives a simple life, and does not seek the world. When he learned that Di Yao was coming to visit him, he went into hiding. It happened that he ran into him and asked him where he was going, and he said, "To escape from Di Yao." He asked, "Why?"

Xu You said: "Yao, this person, vigorously practicing benevolence and righteousness, I am afraid that he will be ridiculed by the world, and there will be cannibalism in the future." Ordinary people, it is not difficult to envelop them. Love them and they will be close to you, give them benefits and they will be rewarded for you, and praise them and they will be diligent. Do that which they abhor, and they shall flee. It is out of righteousness that those who love the people and make them profitable are those who sincerely practice righteousness, and those who do it sincerely gain through benevolence and righteousness. Such benevolent and righteous deeds not only cannot be truly practiced, but also become a tool of hypocrisy. This kind of thing that wants to use one person's decision to benefit the world is just a one-size-fits-all thing. Yao only knows that sages can benefit the world, but he doesn't know that sages harm the world. Only those who do not reuse sages know this truth. ”

From this passage of Xu You, it can be seen that he was a man of great wisdom, and he pointed out that Yao's visit to the sages is similar to Confucianism's entrusting the governance of the country on the moral level of a person, which is not in line with reality. Xu You's thinking has the truth of simplicity, as long as the administration is streamlined and delegated, and the starting point is to be good to the people, there is no need for any sages, those corrupt officials are also sages in the eyes of the leaders, but they rarely do good things. And the so-called sages who really do good deeds may also be careerists who are ready to seize power. The most important thing is not to find a virtuous person, but to set up a good system so that even corrupt officials cannot take profit.

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