Chapter 221: The Long March
Just when Jin Zhao was busy building a national defense industry in Fujian, Lao Jiang commanded his million-strong Central Army and began to concentrate on the great cause of suppressing bandits.
As early as September 25 to October 1933, Lao Chiang mobilized about 1 million troops and adopted a new strategy of "fortress doctrine" to carry out large-scale "encirclement and suppression" of the central Soviet area. At this time, Wang Ming's "leftist" opportunism occupied a dominant position in the Red Army, refused to accept Taizu's correct proposals, and replaced guerrilla warfare and movement warfare with positional warfare and people's warfare with so-called "regular" warfare, thus completely putting the Red Army in a passive position. After a year of hard fighting, we have not won a victory against "encirclement and suppression."
On April 10, 1934, the Battle of Guangchang began, and the main force of the Red Army fought a bloody battle against the Central Army in Guangchang City for 18 days, and finally ended in failure. In the early morning of April 28, Guangchang fell. Chidu Ruijin opened its doors to the Central Army.
On the night of October 10, 1934, the headquarters of the Red Army quietly set out from Ruijin and led the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 8th, and 9th Red Army Corps, together with more than 86,000 rear organs, to carry out strategic transfers, and marched to Xiangxi, starting a tragic and long journey with an uncertain future. At this time, the leaders of the Red Army did not realize that they were creating a miracle in the military history of mankind.
After more than 20 days of fighting, the Red Army broke through the enemy's three blockade lines. At this time, Lao Chiang had already judged the Red Army's intention to advance westward, and on 20 November appointed the Hunan warlord He Jian as the commander-in-chief of the "pursuit and suppression" army, commanding the strength of 25 divisions to pursue and suppress the Red Army in five directions, and at the same time ordered Wang Jialie, commander-in-chief of Guizhou's "suppression of the Communists," to send the main force to the Hunan and Guizhou borders to intercept it, in an attempt to "annihilate the Red Army in the areas east of the Xiangjiang River and Lishui," and instructed all troops on the front line: "Strive to completely annihilate the Red Army, and do not allow bandits to take root again." At the beginning of the Red Army's Long March, it encountered the most brutal battle of the Long March: the Battle of Xiangjiang.
Chiang's army used the wide Xiangjiang River to form a fourth blockade line, and the Red Army was blocked by the Xiangjiang River in front, the Guangxi Army on the left, the Henan Army on the right, and the Central Army and the Guangdong warlords in the rear, and the situation was extremely dangerous. On 25 July, the Central Military Commission issued an operational order to rush across the Xiangjiang River, ordering the Central Red Army to quickly cross the Xiangjiang River in four columns and pass through the enemy's fourth blockade line.
The Battle of Xiangjiang was the most heroic and crucial battle since the Red Army broke through the encirclement, and the Red Army fought hard with the superior enemy for five days and nights, finally tearing open the four blockade lines of the enemy's heavy fortification, and smashing the old Chiang's attempt to encircle and annihilate the Red Army east of the Xiangjiang River. However, the Red Army also paid a very heavy price, and after crossing the Xiang River, the Red Army had been sharply reduced from 86,000 at the time of departure to 30,000.
In January 1935, the Red Army captured Zunyi and convened the famous Zunyi Conference, at which the correct leadership of Taizu was confirmed.
After the Zunyi Conference, under the leadership of Taizu, in view of the tight defense of the Sichuan enemy, the Red Army decided to withdraw from Zunyi, and interspersed in the Sichuan-Guizhou-Yunnan border and Guizhou Province. In particular, in the course of the four crossings of Chishui, the Central Red Army flexibly and maneuverably created fighter planes, fought in motion, annihilated the enemy individually, and won more with less, thus changing from passive to active. Then the enemy was taken by surprise, the main force crossed the Wujiang River in the south, approached Guiyang, and quickly advanced westward, and responded with a wing in late April. At the beginning of May, it rushed to cross the Jinsha River, got rid of the encirclement and interception of hundreds of thousands of [***], and won a decisive victory in the strategic transfer. As a result of the implementation of the correct ethnic policy, the Red Army successfully passed through the Yi nationality area of Daliangshan. Then forcibly cross the Dadu River, fly to seize the Luding Bridge, and climb over the Jiajin Mountain, which is covered with snow all year round. In mid-June, he joined forces with the Fourth Front Army in Maogong.
After the 1st and 4th Front armies joined forces, the Red Army took the establishment of the Sichuan-Shaanxi-Gansu Base Area as its strategic policy, and the Central Committee decided to mix the two front armies into two armies, the left and the right, and march north across the grasslands. The center crossed the meadow with the right army and reached the area of Banyo and Brazil. At the end of August, the First Division of the Right Route Army opened the door to Gannan after completely annihilating about 5,000 people of the 49th Division in Baoza. In September, after Zhang Guotao led the Left Route Army to the Aba area, he refused to implement the northward policy of the Red Central Army and threatened the Red Central and Right Route Army to go south. On September 10, Taizu led the First and Third Armies (later formed into the Shaanxi-Gansu Detachment) to continue northward, seize Lazikou, break through the [***] Weihe blockade line, cross Liupan Mountain through Guyuan, and arrive at Wuqi Town (now Wuqi County) in northern Shaanxi on October 19, ending the Long March in advance.
Under the circumstance that Chiang's heavy troops besieged the Hubei-Henan-Anhui base area, the Red 25th Army and the Hubei-Henan-Anhui Provincial Party Committee, in accordance with the instructions of the Red Central Committee, began to move westward from Luoshan County, Henan Province in November 1934, established a base area on the Hubei-Henan-Shaanxi border, and smashed [***] two "encirclement and suppression". In July of the following year, it passed through Longdong, and in September, it joined forces with the 26th and 27th armies in the Shaanxi-Gansu base area and was combined into the 15th Army Corps. After the arrival of the 1st and 3rd Army Corps, they were combined with them to form the Red First Army.
The 2nd and 6th Army Corps of the Red Army in the base areas of Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan and Guizhou set out from Sangzhi, Hunan in November 1935, moved to Hunan, Guizhou, and Yunnan provinces, defeated the interception of [***], crossed the Jinsha River, passed through Xikang and Sichuan, and arrived at Ganzi at the end of June 1936, where they joined forces with the defeated Fourth Front Army led by Zhang Guotao in the south. The Second and Sixth Army Corps were combined into the Second Front Army. In July, the Second and Fourth Front Armies marched north together, and in October, they joined forces with the First Front Army in Jiangtaibao in Huining County and Jingning County in Gansu Province, thus ending the Red Army's Long March.
During this period, the Red Army passed through 11 provinces, climbed 18 mountains, crossed 24 major rivers, and walked through uninhabited grasslands and snow-capped mountains, covering a distance of about 25,000 miles, creating a great miracle in human military history.
After the main force of the Red Army left the Long March in the Jiangxi Soviet Region, Jin Zhao sent troops to occupy several counties in western Fujian and other places occupied by the original Red Army.
At this time, Jin Zhao's Seventh Route Army had completed the first stage of reorganization, with a total of seven divisions and a total strength of 110,000. However, in order to prevent Lao Jiang from rebelling and attacking Fujian again, Jin Zhao ordered the troops to be further expanded, and the numbers of each unit remained unchanged, but each division was expanded to 20,000 people. The names of the seven divisions given by Lao Jiang before were only three of the A divisions, and the other four divisions were all B divisions, but Jin Zhao didn't care about this set, and all of them were expanded into A divisions, and they had more troops than the A divisions of the Central Army. Even so, Jin Zhao was still very aggrieved in his heart, not only did Lao Jiang not allocate a penny of military spending to Fujian, but Fujian also had to pay one million taxes every year. Although it is not much, Jin Zhao is still very aggrieved in his heart, Lao Jiang was not informed of the expansion of the army at all, Lao Tzu paid for the troops himself, do you care? (To be continued.) )