Chapter 9: The Second Zhibong War
The reporter asked: "You introduced your ancestors and family history in your first love, what is the relationship between all your experiences and anti-**?"
Dapeng said: "Let's just say that the family is a conflict between the interests of my brother and sister-in-law and my stepfather, although the problem occurred in the era of natural disasters, and the objective environment is a national disaster." Because the brother and sister-in-law and stepfather have their own selfish desires, the selfish desires themselves are the root of the **, which just shows that the emergence of a small family and the country is basically the same. ”
The reporter asked: "Your brother and sister-in-law proposed the surname Rui to your stepfather in the conflict, which means that the surname is not Zhang, of course, this is the result of the conflict of interests." I introduced the story of your grandfather's grievances with Zhang Zuolin earlier, and what happened later?"
Dapeng said: "I said about my grandfather when my mother was alive, and some of them were introduced by my uncle and my grandfather, and my brother didn't know much because he was young. It is said that my grandfather returned to Fengtian from Mudanjiang to avenge his family revenge, and was in the middle of the Second Zhifeng War, Zhang Zuolin ordered Jiang Dengxuan to be the commander of the First Army and Guo Songling to be the commander of the Third Army, both in the main battlefield of the decisive battle with the Xiazhi Army, due to the lack of cooperation between the two sides, repeated contradictions, and a certain degree of resentment. In 1925, Guo Songling sent an anti-Feng telegram in Luanzhou and waved his troops out of the customs. Jiang Dengxuan went to Luanzhou Station by special car, and Guo Songling sent someone to pick up Jiang Dengxuan, saying: "Commander Guo has a military consultation, please ask the commander to come to the city for a talk." Jiang Dengxuan was then imprisoned when he arrived at Guo, but was assassinated by Guo two days later.
After Jiang's death, his friend Zhang Ganchen in Luanzhou collected the body, Li Jinglin telegraphed Guo Suo to return the body, and Guo allowed to send someone to collect it. Fang Shengtao, a friend of Jiang Dengxuan at Feng Yuxiang in Zhangjiakou, knew that Jiang Dengxuan was shot dead by Guo Songling, so he personally went to Luanzhou to transport Jiang's coffin to Tianjin, and in the spring of the following year, Zhu Qinglan and others sent Jiang's coffin back to his hometown in Nangong County for burial. After the end of Guo Songling's anti-Feng incident, Zhang Zuolin, in recognition of his "loyalty", built an ancestral hall for him in the southwest of Shenyang City, in the Fengyutan area in Shenhe District, known as "Jiang Gong Ancestral Hall".
Because Jiang Dengxuan and Zhang Zuoxiang are Zhang Zuolin's right-hand men, and they are also one of the five tiger generals. At that time, my grandfather named Jiang Wubiao, and Zhang Zuolin made my grandfather an adjutant of internal servants for the grace of saving his life, and my grandfather studied in the Soviet Union and Japan to speak many Chinese, and in the complicated northeast Russian-Japanese dispute, the warlord dispute is not possible without translation, Zhang Zuolin is often busy with state affairs and warlord warlord battles in Beijing and Tianjin, so that my grandfather is in charge of the inner servant is also reassured.
Because his grandfather and Zhang Zuolin explained that he was not originally surnamed Jiang, but his real original name was Rui Youban, not only did he have two wives in Linfen, Shanxi, but also two wives and children in Harbin. No matter how much Zhang Zuolin persuaded him to move his family to Fengtian, his grandfather refused to do so, because he didn't want to participate in the warlord melee, and he had repeatedly proposed to go home to visit his relatives but was not allowed. Zhang Zuolin did not mention it in order to appease his grandfather in order to promote a marriage, but said that Jiang Ping brought a flower from Mudanjiang on this day, saying that he would give his family a pension and resolutely refused to accept it, and the old man had to marry the younger sister and daughter of a flower to his grandfather, and under the auspices of the handsome, the grandfather had to comply, and he had no choice but to accept the sixth lady. Perhaps this is the reason why Zhang Zuolin has a six-room wife, and it is also the reason why his grandfather resigned to go home to visit relatives in order to stabilize his grandfather.
Zhang Zuolin also claimed to have eight sons and six daughters, but my grandfather only had my father in Harbin, and later added a son and a daughter in Mukden. Grandfather not only appreciated the promotion of the ten rules for the in-house family:
1. It is strictly forbidden for the lady to interfere in political affairs and not listen to the wind.
2. It is strictly forbidden for wives to gather in crowds to chat, so as not to breed trouble.
3. The status of the wives of each room is not divided into dignity and inferiority, and they are all commensurate with their wives.
Fourth, it is strictly forbidden for the wife to do her birthday without permission.
5. It is strictly forbidden to abuse subordinates.
6. Implement a strict salary system, and each wife shall pay on time every month.
7. Meals are divided into tiers, and each wife and children eat in their own rooms. 8. Strict work and rest time, and outings should not exceed 10 o'clock in the evening.
9. Pay attention to children's cultural education, and hire famous teachers to enlighten children.
10. Children shall not be allowed to marry autonomously, and their parents shall arrange for them.
But I never expected that this tenth rule was fulfilled in my parents, and my grandfather firmly opposed my parents' free marriage, and threatened to sever the relationship between father and son and never visit the house again. But when his adjutant arrived, the marriage had already been resolved. Although this is the aftermath of Zhang Zuolin and Wu Junsheng's death, it is enough to prove that my grandfather respects the ten rules.
Due to Guo Songling's rebellion and Jiang Dengxuan's murder, his grandfather advised him to rectify military discipline and insist on ruling the Northeast in conjunction with Wu Junsheng and Ma Zhanshan, and established strict military regulations after the captured bandits were recruited. Zhang Zuolin ordered Ma Zhanshan to lead his troops to participate in the battle to encircle and suppress Guo Songling's defection, captured Guo Songling alive in December 1925, and executed Guo Songling and his wife on the spot on Zhang Zuolin's orders.
In fact, the source of all the troubles is the melee with the warlords, from Zhang Zuolin in order to train his son Zhang Xueliang to worship Guo Songling as a teacher, and also intends to promote the two to take charge of the military when the results of the war, although Zhang Xueliang is the main commander, Guo Songling is the deputy commander, but because Zhang Xueliang is young, all military power has been arranged by the teacher, which is also to promote the expansion of Guo's brain, in order to save the people of the Northeast and rebel in the name of the war, and its purpose is also to usurp the power of the Northeast, which is different from Zhang Zuolin's warlord Zhifeng's war, and even rule the whole country to cause war, this is alsoA stark history of struggle against the anti-**.
Zhang Zuolin presided over the military meeting after quelling the rebellion, and in public to hold his son Zhang Xueliang accountable, to kill his relatives and re-enforce the monarch's prestige, in fact, this is also a bitter plan, Zhang Zuo is quite a public official not only to protect Zhang Xueliang, but also to advise not to kill any rebellious officials, if they do not listen to the cost of their lives, and in the cry frankly admonished Zhang Xueliang to make meritorious contributions, Zhang Zuolin had to obey, and those rebel officers in the later period also became the main cadres of Zhang Xueliang's Northeast Army.
Although Zhang Zuolin ascended the throne of head of state in June 1927, and in 1928 Japan proposed to him to settle the "Manchurian and Mongolian Outstanding Case", Zhang Zuolin did not reply by delay, and in order to prevent Japan's ambitions, he informed the whole country that he would withdraw his troops and withdraw to the northeast. The Japanese ambassador also proposed to sign a railway contract, but Zhang Zuolin insisted on refusing, and returned to Northeast China by train on June 3, which led to the tragic incident in which Zhang Zuolin and Wu Junsheng were bombed by the Japanese in Huanggutun and died.
Zhang Zuolin was seriously injured and returned to the Shuaifu was already dying, and he did not leave any will before he died. My grandfather instructed his adjutant to send a telegram to Zhang Xueliang, who was in Beijing, not to report his condolences, but to return quickly because his father was seriously ill, and his purpose was also to prevent the Japanese spies from intercepting the telegram. Even so, when the wife of the Japanese ambassador came to visit, my grandfather asked the handsome lady Shou Wu to change her clothes to meet her, and treated her with sincerity, and apologized for not coming to receive the marshal when he was sick, so he not only concealed the Japanese prying eyes, but also won a valuable time guarantee for Zhang Xueliang to return to Fengtian for the funeral and control of military power.
The so-called Northeast Army refers to the general name of the Northeast Local Army under the command of Zhang Xueliang from 1929 to 1936, and its predecessor was the Feng Army under the command of the Feng warlord Zhang Zuolin. At the end of 1928, after Zhang Xueliang held the Northeast Banner Change, the Feng Army was organized into the Northeast Frontier Army and incorporated into the Nanjing government army system. After the Xi'an Incident, the Northeast Army was downsized and transferred to Henan, Anhui, and Suzhou.
Three years after Zhang Zuolin was killed by the Japanese bombing, Japanese militarism launched the 9.18 Incident in 1931, his grandfather left the Shuai Mansion and returned to Harbin, and Ma Zhanshan organized the Battle of Jiangqiao and the Battle of the Red Bank and retreated to Helen, retreated to the Soviet Union to Moscow at the end of 1932, and returned to China to Xi'an in December 1936.1936, and supported Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng's * Chiang's anti-Japanese actions with Ma Zhanshan, and served as a foreign language instructor at Chengdu Huangbu Military Academy in August 1937.
When Japanese militarism invaded China, foreign aid to China was recorded in history, and my grandfather also served as a translator of foreign languages.
Soviet Union: On August 21, 1937, China and the Soviet Union signed the Non-Aggression Pact in Nanjing. In the following years, China and the Soviet Union signed three loans totaling $250 million. In addition, from October 1937 to September 1939, China received 985 aircraft, more than 1,300 artillery pieces, more than 14,000 machine guns, and 2,050 trucks and other materials and equipment from the Soviet Union. The Soviet Union also sent six squadrons of volunteer air forces to China to assist the Kuomintang government in building its air force and participating in the air war against Japan. During this period, there were 3,665 Soviet military advisers and experts in China.
United States: U.S. aid to China began after the outbreak of war in Europe. From the end of 1938 to November 1940, U.S. loans totaled $170 million. In January 1941, Roosevelt declared: "Determined to give full support to the peoples who are resolutely resisting, so that the hemisphere will be spared from war." In April, the United States provided $45 million in military supplies to China, followed by a $50 million loan to China. After the outbreak of the Pacific War, the United States lent $500 million to China and signed an $870 million Lend-Lease Agreement with the Nationalist Government. In August 1941, the United States officially incorporated the American Volunteer Air Force (Flying Tigers) founded by Chennault into the regular army to participate in the Chinese battlefield.
Britain: After Japan occupied South China and Central China, Britain felt that its interests in China had been seriously infringed upon, and successively provided aid loans to China of about 24 million pounds. The British people set up many anti-Japanese and China-aid organizations to donate money and materials to China's anti-Japanese front.
Germany: Before World War II, Germany maintained good relations with China. By 1936, German investment in China amounted to 136.4 million US dollars. After the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Germany twice provided China with war materials worth tens of millions of marks, and lent China as much as 1 billion marks. With the help of Germany, China's weapons industry developed rapidly in the 30s, and the performance of some weapons has caught up with the West. In addition, France, Canada, Denmark, the Philippines and other countries also provided different amounts of borrowing assistance to China during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression.
Because Japan not only occupied the three eastern provinces, but also invaded the Central Plains after the Qiqi Incident, Zhang Xueliang was detained by Jiang, and there was a reason why his grandfather left the military academy and returned to the Northeast, and he shot Hou Qi in Mudanjiang to avenge his father, Hou Qi was a distant relative of the Harbin bully Yao Xijiu, Hou Qi's son defected to Yao Xijiu to avenge the killing of his father, and although his grandfather was in the Marshal's Mansion, Wu Junsheng and Ma Zhanshan presided over Longjiang and Jilin Province, and he did not dare to start.
In February 1932, after the Japanese army captured Harbin, Ma Zhanshan served as the puppet governor of Heilongjiang Province, and later served as the puppet Manchurian ** political minister. In April of the same year, he got rid of the surveillance of the Japanese army, his grandfather gave up his family and Ma Zhanshan to fight against the water, pulled eight trucks of armaments and materials to leave Harbin to resist the Japanese, raised troops in Heihe, Ma Zhanshan continued to resist the Japanese, and exposed the inside story of the puppet Manchurians, and served as the commander-in-chief of the Northeast National Salvation and Anti-Japanese Allied Army. Due to lack of provisions, he retreated to the Soviet Union under the strong attack of the Japanese army. In 1936, he participated in the Xi'an Incident launched by Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng, and later served as the commander-in-chief of the Northeast Advance Army. In 1940, Chiang Kai-shek appointed Ma Zhanshan as chairman of Heilongjiang Province, and was later elected as an alternate executive member of the Central Committee of the Kuomintang.
My grandfather followed Ma Zhanshan to fight in the south and the north, but he never expected that Hou and Yao began to take revenge on Japan and the puppet government. See Chapter 10: Hou Yao's bloody wash of Rui's house.