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The first is a plan for a large bastion that would cover the port and the city. Before the advent of long-range siege heavy artillery, this kind of fortress was considered "impossible to overcome"! Of course, this fortress was already the later type of the artillery era, and the low wall had replaced the tall tower and the triangular high wall, because with the continuous strengthening of long-range firepower, the fortress was also changing, and there were very few dead spots under the wave-like city wall, and the more it advanced, the more vulnerable it was to multiple threats and multi-layer cross-fire inside and outside.

Readers are invited to take a closer look at the detailed structure of the interior, the diamond-shaped corners and facets of the bastion are interesting, and the gates, walls, and passages are perfectly covered.

The second picture is of an early Taiwanese Dutch-type bastion, with too few edges and no strong enough cover for the outer walls.

Note that the Semi-Circle has not been eliminated yet.

In the face of the semi-circular fort, the attacking side is easy to deploy troops, and the defender cannot give each other sufficient cover inside and outside, and there are relatively more firepower blind spots. In addition, once the attackers capture the semi-dome, it will immediately put great pressure on the defenders, the space on the semi-dome is too large, and the exit is too wide.

In addition, because the artillery did not reach the high walls, the multi-layered low walls and trenches for wielding the power of firearms had not yet appeared.

Even so, the fortress was already very powerful in covering the city gates, and the prominent edges and corners effectively covered the security of the city gates and city walls, completely eliminating the dead corners and greatly expanding the defensive line.

The attacker's single attack on the edges and corners will also be at a disadvantage due to the narrow front, and the design of the edges will make the defender have no dead spots in firepower. Taking a step back, even if the attacking side succeeds in sneaking up on the edges and corners, there is no space and passage to deploy troops, and it will basically be immediately hit down by the fire that is smashed from all directions.

One more thing to note is that the Urn City will eventually be eliminated by the Wave Breaker Outer Wall, as it will be extremely difficult for the defenders to recapture once the Urn City is lost. Even when night falls and most of the attackers return to camp, the city can still be used as a strong bridgehead.

The angular and wave-shaped walls in the design of the bastion reflect the characteristics of the defensive stronghold in unilateral favor for the defenders: it is difficult to attack and easy to defend in the eyes of the attacker, and it is easy to attack and difficult to defend when the defender counterattacks.

Historically, when both the Ming and Qing armies faced this kind of thing, even if they carried artillery, their choice was to besiege for a long time, and finally forced the defenders to surrender by starvation and disease.

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