Chapter 423: Assimilation Strategy
The reason why the Chahar Zhutaiji accepted the conditions given by the envoys of the Ming army and was willing to join the Ming Dynasty was nothing more than that the situation was stronger than people.
Although they still had more than 10,000 elite horsemen, they lost their leader, Lin Dan Khan. And with only soldiers, no people, and no territory, it can't last long, so it is urgent to join up with his own people.
The vast majority of the herdsmen in the Chahar Department were in the Hetao, across the Yellow River, and in front of them were 50,000 Ming troops in addition to the Yellow River.
Zhutaiji did not have the confidence to defeat the Ming army and the tribe at all, even if they could choose to bypass the Ming army's defensive section of the river and choose to gallop hundreds of miles to cross the Yellow River from other places, they were not sure that their troops would not be attacked by the Ming army. After all, the whole tribe is completely different from the simple cavalry, the former has too many cattle and sheep in tow, and it is basically impossible to escape the attack of the Ming army.
And what Zhu Taiji is most worried about is that the Ming army will adopt the same method as Jiannu, will kill them, these tribal nobles, and distribute their cattle, sheep and horses to ordinary herdsmen, in that case, ordinary herdsmen will definitely support the Ming people and turn their backs on their former masters, if so, everything will be over.
Without the foundation of rule, these nobles will no longer be nobles.
Therefore, no matter what, you have to keep the tribe, keep the people, and keep your position in the tribe. For this reason, you can only accept the conditions of the Ming people, and you can only choose to become a vassal of the Ming Kingdom, and there is no other way.
Of course, they can choose to break the net and choose to gather a crowd to confront the Ming army. With the cavalry that came and went, they drove away the "invading" Ming army.
However, even if the Ming army could be driven away, it would only make the Ming State impose a severe blockade on Mongolia, and from then on, trade would be cut off, and it would be almost impossible to obtain luxury goods from the Ming State. Without tea, without silk, without the fine wine of the Ming Dynasty, and without all kinds of living materials from the Ming Dynasty, these tribes don't know how to live in the future?
Moreover, can the Ming army really be defeated? The powerful Eight Banners Army was scared away by the Ming army, and with more than 10,000 troops, it was no match for the Ming army at all.
By now, the Taiji had to admit that the power between the Ming and the Mongols had changed relatively. The Ming people, who were once weak in their eyes, are no longer what they used to be, and their military strength has become countless times stronger than in decades, and the Mongol iron cavalry, which once dominated the Eurasian continent, is now long gone, and has been reduced to being ravaged by the Jurchens and bullied by the Han people.
If you recognize the contrast of strength, you will also recognize the reality, what can you do except give in?
At least, the Ming State gave them these Taiji countless times better treatment than Jiannu, at least the Ming State retained their tribe and retained their status among the tribes. And Jiannu will only snatch everything from them.
Of course, these Taiji will not know that the reason why the Ming Dynasty is "benevolent" to them is only an expedient measure, just to temporarily stabilize the grassland.
Whether in the Chinese military of the dynasty or in the eyes of Emperor Zhu Youjian, the Mongols on the steppe are all aliens, and they must be dealt with completely and quickly.
Therefore, Zhu Youzhen does not care about the well-being of grassland herdsmen.
Therefore, Zhu Youzhen would not adopt the method of "beating the landlords and dividing the fields" in the grasslands, and would not choose such drastic means as distributing the cattle and sheep fields of the tribal Taiji people to ordinary herdsmen.
Because this method is too drastic and the effect is too slow, once it is not very good, it will make many more tribes on the grassland who regard the Ming Dynasty as enemies, and they will attack the border wall from time to time, and the gains outweigh the losses.
After all, the herdsmen on the steppe are not Han Chinese, and many Mongolian herders are deeply influenced by Lamaism, believing in reincarnation and karma, believing that the suffering in this life is due to the sins of the previous life, and believing that only by honestly forgiving their sins will they live a good life in the next life. Therefore, most of the herdsmen on the grassland have no spirit of resistance, unlike the people of the Ming Dynasty, who do not believe in cause and effect and do not believe in retribution, and believe that the prince will have a kind of call, as long as the life cannot go on, there will be countless people who rise up, and the herdsmen on the grassland do not have this spirit of resistance.
Therefore, the original Taijitou people were crowned kings, and these small kings were used to rule the various tribes, and the entire Monan was divided into dozens of tribes, so as to stabilize the grassland in the shortest possible time, which was in line with the interests of the Ming Dynasty.
Then the next step is to slowly plan to assimilate the grassland and completely incorporate it into the rule of the Ming Dynasty, which is Zhu Youzhen's plan.
From ancient times to the present, the Central Plains Dynasty is mostly in a defensive state against the grassland, and the achievements of Feng Wolf Juxu and Le Shi Yanran are just accidental, most of the time they are defensive, and the Great Wall is the best evidence.
From ancient times to the present, the Central Plains Dynasty has wanted to completely solve the grassland problem, but most of them have not had a good way. As strong as the Han and Tang Dynasties, they chose to take the initiative to attack and split the grassland peoples and move westward. However, the herdsmen on the grassland are like pastures, driving away a batch and giving birth to another batch soon, and their vitality is more lush than that of wild grasses.
After the Xiongnu came to Xianbei, after Xianbei integrated into China, the Turks became strong again, the Turks were divided into two and were forced to move westward, while the Mongols became strong again, unified the steppe, and almost conquered the entire Eurasian continent. Although the Ming Dynasty drove out the Mongols, the threat of the Mongols has always existed since the founding of the country.
Zhu Youzhen also wanted to completely solve the Mongols, the previous dynasties had no way, and the previous emperors had no way to completely solve the threat of the steppe nomads, but Zhu Youzhen knew how to solve it, because his soul wandered to the next generation.
He knew that the later Manchu Qing Dynasty did suppress the Mongols through various methods such as marriage and co-optation, making the Mongolian steppe a part of the Manchu Empire. He also knew that as thermal weapons such as muskets and artillery became more and more powerful, the fast horse bows and arrows of the grassland herdsmen would be suppressed by the thermal weapons, and they would soon become a nation of singing and dancing.
It's just that at the beginning, Zhu Youzhen didn't think about solving the Mongols so quickly, but waited until the national strength was strong, and after the Ming Dynasty was straightened out, he would try to solve the external troubles. After all, with the tribute trade, the Mongols were no longer a threat.
But this winter, as Xuanda and Yulin's information about the Mongols continued to spread to Beijing, and with the invasion of Chahar by Jiannuxi, Zhu Youzhen saw a good opportunity to solve the Mongols.
Especially after Huang Taiji retreated without a fight and led the Eight Banners to escape from the Hetao, Zhu Youzhen noticed for the first time that the Praetorian Guard Army he had formed was already so powerful, and he had already scared Jiannu back with only the partial divisions in Xuanda and Yulin.
In that case, why not take the opportunity to tackle the Mongols?
Therefore, after receiving the 800-mile urgent war report from Sun Chuanting Jiannu's retreat, Zhu Youzhen sent a decree to Sun Chuanting and ordered him to take the opportunity to solve the Mongols.
That's why Sun Chuanting invited Lin Dan Khan to meet and take the opportunity to take him down, and Zhang Shize made a detour to Montenegro to attack Naturalized City.
Lin Dan Khan was arrested, Mo Southern Mongolia, Chahar tribes, there is no unified leader, Chahar tribes, Lin Dan Khan's sons, will inevitably fight for power. Yinshan, Hetao, the entire Monan grassland, there are tens of millions of Mongols, there are Chahar tribes, there are the originally annexed Karaqin tribes, Ordos tribes, and Wuliangha tribes, these many tribes, Lin Dan Khan is the only leader, is the nominal Great Khan of the whole Mongolia. Without Lin Dan Khan, no one in the entire Monan can command the tribes.
Therefore, the arrest of Lin Dan Khan means that the Mongolian tribes are completely divided. The Ming Dynasty could directly send people to divide and win over the tribes. The fall of Guihua City made Lin Dan Khan's army lose its way out and had to submit to the Ming army.
And Jiannu's "perverse behavior", killing the tribal leaders and distributing cattle and sheep to ordinary herdsmen, made the Taiji of all departments have to take refuge in the Ming Dynasty, otherwise once the Ming army retreats, they will be annexed by Jiannu.
So everything has won the conditions for the complete pacification of Mo Nan.
In the following time, all Taiji sent people to follow the envoy to the camp of the Ming army to meet Sun Chuanting, the governor of Xuanda, to express their obedience to the Ming Dynasty.
Sun Chuanting also pacified them on behalf of the imperial court, promising him power over the tribe. Sun Chuanting even allowed them to visit Lin Dan Khan, who was under house arrest.
In order not to be suspected, in order to show their loyalty to the Ming Dynasty, most of the Taiji refused to see Lin Dan Khan again, even the sons of Lin Dan Khan. Lin Dan Khan, the former Great Khan of the Mongols, was abandoned by his men in this way.
Sun Chuanting told them that Lin Dan Khan would be placed in Beijing and would not return to the desert in the future. The imperial court would divide a part of the tribes directly under Lin Dan Khan to his sons, and the other tribes to other tribes.
In the future, there will be no more Great Khans in Mongolia, only kings.
Then Sun Chuanting began to preside over the discussion of the distribution of the grassland in Monan and Hetao, and Zhongtaiji reported the number of their own tribe population, as well as the original nomadic pasture, and distributed it.
In principle, most of the pastures in the Hetao were also allocated to the original Ordos Department, and the pastures in the Karaqin Department were allocated to the Karaqin herders. The Chahar part of the westward migration is divided into the grasslands north and south of the Yin Mountains. This is the easiest way to do it.
The entire Monan stretches for thousands of miles, and there is still no problem in relocating hundreds of thousands of herdsmen.
However, the pastures are also fertile and barren, some pastures are close to the desert and are easily eroded by the desert, some grasslands have many lakes that are more suitable for grazing, and some grasslands are close to the Ming Dynasty and can trade with the Ming Dynasty nearby.
It also belongs to Ordos, and there are more than a dozen small tribes, and the small tribes also have disputes with each other, and they all want more land and more grassland.
In the next time, in the camp of the Ming army, the leaders of the tribes, Taiji, had a fierce quarrel, and the quarrel was anxious to fight together, for the sake of the grassland, these Mongolian nobles hugged each other and wrestled on the grass, and one by one they fell gray and dirty, with blue noses and swollen faces.
The fight between these Mongolian nobles, unless it was too life-threatening, Sun Chuanting ignored it, and even was happy to see it, after all, if there is a dispute, there will be a contradiction, and the Mongolian tribes in the future will not want to be blended together.
And often in the end, the contradiction cannot be resolved, so they can only go to Sun Chuanting and ask Sun Chuanting to uphold justice.
Sun Chuanting's method was also very simple, let the contradictory tribal leaders have an open competition, and each sent ten of the bravest subordinates to fight alone, and finally survived to win.
Just near the camp of the Ming army, there are more than ten prescriptions round dozens of zhang place, Mongolian warriors catch and fight on horseback, they can use knives and arrows, as long as they can achieve victory, a large number of Mongolian warriors die every day, and the Mongolian warriors who won the victory and survived were respected by the tribesmen.
Between the two tribes, once the blood is seen, the contradiction cannot be resolved, in order to avoid tribal wars, Sun Chuanting announced that there will be entanglements between the various tribes in the future. From then on, the various tribes of Southern Mongolia guarded their own pastures and did not allow wars between them, otherwise the imperial army would inevitably intervene and both sides would be punished.
Since then, the competition between the tribes has become a convention, but this kind of competition is very bloody at the beginning, are endless, and slowly the competition softens, as long as one party admits defeat, the other party no longer pursues and kills, and later, this kind of competition has derived other ways, simple written test archery, wrestling, equestrianism, etc., has been out of the fight to the death, of course, this is a later story.
Under the auspices of Sun Chuanting, it took more than a month for the Mongolian ministries to determine their own pastures.
In this month's time, Sun Chuanting also recruited more than 10,000 herdsmen and cavalry who were willing to join the Ming army in various departments, and more than 10,000 people were young herdsmen with good equestrian skills and good archery skills, and they were the best cavalrymen.
More than 10,000 people will be incorporated into the Xuanda and Yansui armies, and let them learn Chinese dialect to teach them Chinese characters, and let them learn the rules of the Praetorian Guard. If they abide by the rules and make military exploits, and they are allowed to marry in Han or connect their families to the Ming Dynasty, it will not take many years for these herdsmen and cavalry to be completely sinicized. And the high salary of the Praetorian Guards and the prosperity of the Ming Dynasty will also make these ordinary herdsmen unhappy, and they will not have the idea of returning to the grassland.
In the future, the Ming Dynasty will continue to recruit Mongolian herdsmen to serve in the army, and there will also be a large number of Han people entering the Mongolian ministries to farm and do business, so that the two sides continue to contact and continue to integrate, I believe that it only takes a few decades for the entire Monan to be completely sinicized and truly become the territory of the Ming Dynasty.
Of course, at the beginning, the people of the Ming Dynasty were not happy to recruit herdsmen into the army, but Sun Chuanting made an excuse to deal with Jiannu, and promised the principle of voluntary participation of herdsmen, and promised that as long as a herdsman cavalry was recruited from each department, he would give each department a pound of tea.
Considering that the threat of Jiannu does exist, plus the benefits that can be obtained, a pound of tea is worth a lot on the grassland, and it can be worth a cow, so the people of Taijitou agreed, to be honest, it doesn't matter to them to have fewer ordinary herdsmen.
After the pastures of each ministry were completely determined, Sun Chuanting returned to Daming with a large army, as well as more than 10,000 newly recruited herdsmen and cavalry, accompanied by envoys sent by various Taiji. These envoys are going to Beijing to participate in the canonization ceremony, and the Ming court will officially canonize the little kings of various tribes. These tribal envoys are all sons of the Taijitou people of each department, and they are also hostages of each department in the Ming Dynasty, and they will be stationed in Beijing City in the future.
As for the Mongol Great Khan Lin Dan Khan, he had long been secretly escorted to the city of Beijing.