Chapter 427: Lack of money and lack of people
Zhu Youzhen is a stubborn person, or it is okay to be rigid and self-serving, such a person generally will not give up easily.
In the last life, when he was the emperor, even if the Ming Dynasty was terminally ill, even if the thieves were under the city of Beijing, he was still struggling and had no intention of lying down. It's just that for various reasons, a lot of things are messed up.
At that time, all kinds of contradictions had accumulated and were completely on the verge of eruption, so he didn't know how to deal with many things at all. But even so, he still struggled, trying his best to turn the tide and save Daming from fire and water. Of course, in the end, he ended up hanging on the southeast branch.
And in this life, after four hundred years of soul travel, Zhu Youzhen thought a lot, reviewed the gains and losses of the previous life, and saw through the various shortcomings of the Ming Dynasty, so he governed more calmly, and after three years of painstaking management, the Ming Dynasty has the current situation.
Although Jiannu was expelled from Liaodong, although the Mongols were unexpectedly pacified, whether it was Jiannu or the Mongols, they no longer posed a threat to the Ming Dynasty, and the situation of the past captives breaking through the border wall will basically not happen again.
But Daming's current is far from meeting Zhu Youzhen's expectations, the external troubles are temporarily gone, but the internal worries are still there, and the people of the world are still living in dire straits.
In other words, the result of three years of hard work has only made the Ming Dynasty struggle from the brink of destruction, but the lives of the people in the world have still not improved, and even worsened, because the fundamental problem has not been solved!
For example, at the beginning of the year, because he captured most of Liaodong, in order to regain the hearts of the people and reduce the burden of the people in the world, Zhu Youzhen issued an order at that time to suspend the levy of Liaodong from now on.
It stands to reason that when the Liao salary is gone, the people everywhere should be able to take a breath and be much more relaxed. However, according to the reports of the foreign guards in various places, the life of the people everywhere is not much better.
In the Ming Dynasty, the local government had great power and the power to collect miscellaneous taxes on its own, and the imperial court could not ask at all, or even wanted to ask. For the imperial court, as long as the local government can pay the taxes to the imperial court on time, the other loves can be done as they want, and the Ming court's management of the local government is so extensive.
Moreover, because the salaries were gone, the local officials had fewer opportunities to make a fortune, and many local officials brazenly increased the amount of miscellaneous taxes, so that the burden on the people was not only not reduced, but even increased.
The vast majority of the villages were closed to news, and the peasants did not even know that the collection of liao wages had been stopped, and although the squires and landlords knew, they were reluctant to tell the peasants, so that it was convenient to pass on the taxes assessed by the government to the peasants who had tenants of the land.
Local officials are like tigers and leopards, officials are like wolves, and squires and landlords are like gluttonous people, all attached to the common people and sucked blood crazily! The people's grievances are boiling, and the situation in Daming is still as dangerous as an egg.
There was no civil unrest in northern Shaanxi, but there were riots in Shanxi, Shandong, Henan, Jiangxi, Huguang, and even Fujian and Guangdong, but they were not as big as the thieves in northern Shaanxi. But if this situation is allowed to continue, sooner or later, the Ming Dynasty will be in flames everywhere, and countless displaced people will rise up and completely subvert and destroy the Ming Dynasty.
Therefore, it is not yet the time for the swords and guns to enter Kuma and put Nanshan, and he, the emperor of the Ming Dynasty, cannot relax at all. We must continue to carry out reform, completely subvert the current system, and the Ming Dynasty can be reborn!
Therefore, Zhu Youzhen was not excited for too long because of the big victory over Mongolia, and soon focused on the current state affairs, and then he smiled bitterly.
The victory over the Mongols was magnificent, but the price paid was also very high.
The 50,000-strong army went out to conquer the outside of the fortress, and the food and supplies needed had to be transported thousands of miles, arrows, gunpowder, projectiles, armor and weapons were worn out, and the cost was simply astronomical.
In order to conquer the Mongolian tribes and make the Mongolian tribes willingly attached, the Ming army strictly disciplined the army, and did not wantonly plunder, and also got some war horses, cattle and sheep in the naturalized city, and did not harass the tribes of Hetao, which made the gains from the Mongols limited, far from making up for the cost of sending troops.
Of course, in order to earn back some capital, he organized a caravan from Xuanda Yansui to go to the Hetao, and traded with various ministries, barely earning some back, but compared with the huge expenditure, it was still a drop in the bucket.
Fighting a war is the most costly thing, but fortunately this battle was won, and if this battle is lost, then the loss is simply unbearable! The three sides will even be eroded because of this, and it is simply scary to think about that situation and that kind of consequences.
Although now it has won, an unprecedented victory. However, there are still many things that Xu still needs to deal with, and he still needs to spend a lot of money.
Pensions for the wounded and wounded in battle, rewards for meritorious soldiers, it is impossible for all of them to be rewarded for promotion, most of the soldiers need silver to be rewarded, according to the estimate of the Ministry of War, this reward alone is a huge amount, at least three or four hundred thousand taels.
And this is only three sides, not counting the Liaodong Army.
In the battle to recover Shenyang, although Lu Xiangsheng did not directly fight with Jiannu, it was equivalent to receiving Shenyang City from the fleeing Jiannu, but he still needed to reward the soldiers. Moreover, Liaodong was completely recovered, and it was necessary to re-repair the side walls and establish a defense system, which would require a lot of expenditure in the future.
All of this needs money, and without the additional salary, the income of the treasury alone will naturally not be able to cope with all this, Zhu Youzhen sadly found that the inner treasury he had just puffed up was hollowed out again......
Lack of silver, very short of silver, since ascending the throne, lack of silver has become the norm, although Zhu Youzhen worked hard to make money, but still could not change the current situation of lack of silver.
At present, the source of income of Zhu Youjian's inner treasury is divided into four major parts, one is the income from sea trade, the second is the tax department, the third is the tax supervisor of the weaving Yamen mine, and the fourth is the income from the foreign trade of Zhangjiakou, Deshengbao and the Mongols, as well as the income from the textile workshops in Tianjin. The income of these four pieces goes directly to the royal treasury, and the household department of the imperial court has no right to intervene.
Last year was the first year of maritime trade income, a trip to the Japanese country, brought 2 million income, this year the fleet went to the Japanese country, but has not returned. In the spring, Li Yanzhi organized a Nanyang sea trade, mainly to Luzon and Franco, and earned almost 400,000 taels of silver. However, Li Yanzhi wanted to build a sea ship, and it cost a lot to cast artillery guns.
The benefits of sea trade are very great, but according to Li Yanzhi's report, the biggest problem now is the supply of goods. Last year, the Japanese trade made a great profit because Li Yanzhi and Zheng Zhilong's sailors grabbed more than 20 seagoing ships along the coast, and this also successfully won the hostility of Fujian maritime merchants.
The gentry in various places are one, and behind the Fujian maritime merchants is the Fujian gentry, and now the Fujian maritime merchants unanimously resist the royal maritime trade firm, and these people are unable to directly confront Li Yan's direct water division, so they support Liu Xiang and other pirates, so that they can harass the coastal areas of Fujian from time to time. This year, Li Yanzhi has been busy exterminating pirates, but the sea is vast, and there are many islands in Zhejiang, Fujian and Guangdong, and it will take some time to completely exterminate them.
Moreover, the gentry behind the maritime merchants contacted the merchants who controlled the supply of goods, and now most of the squires in Fujian refused to cooperate with the Royal Maritime Trade Company, so that they could not get enough supplies, and they went to the Wa Kingdom this winter, and only got less than ten ships of goods, of which there were not even 1,000 quintals of raw silk, according to Mao Liangzhe's report, next year's maritime trade income may drop sharply.
In order to expand the income of maritime trade, it is necessary to completely destroy the pirates and completely control the entire coast of Min, Guangdong and Zhejiang, so that the coastal gentry can completely give up resistance. For the sake of future maritime trade, Zhu Youzhen reluctantly gave up the income from this year's Nanyang maritime trade, and ordered Li Yanzhi to build warships to expand the sailors, and be sure to exterminate the pirates as soon as possible.
The income of sea trade has temporarily reached a bottleneck, but if it can be broken through, the income will increase rapidly in the future, and the income of Dongyang and Nanyang trade will reach the order of millions of taels. But it will take time.
Compared with the bottlenecked maritime trade, the situation of the tax department is particularly gratifying, and the income is increasing steadily. At the same time, Daming People's Bank has also established a firm foothold along the canal, and has opened six branches in Tongzhou, Linqing, Huai'an, Yangzhou, Suzhou and Hangzhou. With the deposit and bank support of the tax department, the development situation of the bank is particularly gratifying. The minting of silver coins alone brought in nearly one million taels of revenue this year.
In the next step, the tax department will expand to the first-tier cities of the Yangtze River, and start branches in Nanjing, Anqing, Jiujiang, Wuchang and other big cities. However, there is still a problem, that is, the shortage of talent. Hundreds of students graduate from business schools every year, but these students are still inexperienced and cannot be directly reused, and they still need to be experienced. Therefore, although Zhao Shujiao clamored to open the tax department all over the provinces, he was stopped by Zhu Youzhen. Without adequate preparations, Zhu Youzhen was not prepared to rush in.
Zhu Youzhen has great expectations for the Taxation Department, saying that in the future, the Taxation Department will be opened in every prefecture and county, and will be responsible for collecting national taxes in each prefecture and county, which will be different from the local taxes collected by local governments. Of course, that has to go hand in hand with the change in the world, and there is no way to do it now.
Therefore, at present, the tax department only needs to open it on the canal and the Yangtze River waterway now, and at the same time make money for itself, and at the same time train talents for later use.
As for the weaving yamen and the mine tax collector, they are the products left by the previous dynasty, and they have always been the largest contributors to the emperor's internal treasury revenue. The Suzhou Weaving Yamen was responsible for the management of silk, undertaking to provide silk to the inner palace and also doing trade, collecting silk and satin from weavers at a low price, and then selling it to various places and even overseas at a higher price, with a good annual income.
It's just that the existence of the weaving yamen seriously affects the interests of the gentry engaged in the silk industry in Suzhou, so there are weavers in Suzhou from time to time to attack the weaving yamen, and the gentry are also openly and secretly restricted. However, the weaving yamen is still a big contributor, especially after Zhu Youzhen rectified the inner palace eunuchs, every year he sent eunuchs to the imperial city to carry out inspections to prevent the eunuchs from being too dirty, and the weaving yamen paid silver taels to the palace every year also increased year by year, and this year it contributed 400,000 silver taels.
However, the mine supervisor tax envoy only retained some mine supervisors, and the mines in various places could not be allowed to be excavated by the local squires at will! The tax has basically abolished the eunuchs, and with the existence of the tax department, there is no longer any need to send eunuchs to collect taxes. This piece of silver paid an annual tribute is not as good as during the Apocalypse, and it is only two or three hundred thousand taels per year.
Finally, there is the foreign trade and the Tianjin cotton spinning workshop. Now in Zhangjiakou and Deshengbao, the royal trading houses occupy the lion's share, and a large number of cattle, sheep and horses are obtained from the Mongols every year, but most of these revenues are used to subsidize the use of the trilateral Janissaries, and there are not many that are actually sent to the inner treasury of Beijing, which can be ignored. As for the Tianjin cotton spinning workshop, although it has successfully built advanced water-powered textile machinery, which has greatly improved the production efficiency, it has been unable to expand its scale due to the limitation of cotton raw materials, and now it produces more than 200,000 pieces of cotton cloth every year, and the sales profit is only tens of thousands of taels of silver.
In the domestic cotton market, it is still the world of Songjiang cotton. The northern provinces have been hit by drought for many years, and the grain produced is simply unable to feed the huge population, and a large number of people starve to death every year. It can be expected that the cotton mill will not be able to expand for at least a few years.
However, Tian Hua, the chief shopkeeper of the cotton spinning workshop, had just gone to the court, saying that he would open a wool spinning workshop in Yulin Datong and take advantage of the opportunity to pacify southern Mongolia to collect wool from the Mongols, spin wool, and make blankets and sweaters.
After Zhu Youzhen saw the performance, he happily agreed to Tian Hua. Although the woolen fabric is relatively coarse, but at least it is possible to keep out the cold, and the weather has become colder and colder in recent years, and there is no market in the north. The wool of the Mongolian tribes is very cheap, and exchanging grain or other goods for wool is beneficial to both sides, and perhaps wool spinning will be a big industry in the future.
At the same time that Zhu Youzhen agreed to start a wool mill, he also issued an order to the Royal Academy of Sciences, and professors who were skilled in engineering and machinery should begin to study wool textile equipment, and strive to build machinery that could use water conservancy.
Of course, it will take at least several years for the wool industry to be built and a lot of profits, which will not help the immediate predicament.
Roughly calculated, the profits of the four yuan added up to contribute more than 4 million taels of income to Zhu Youzhen's inner treasury this year, which is not less, and it is not even worse than the income of the household treasury.
However, the income is more and the expenditure is larger, so it is still beyond the means.
Therefore, more financial resources must be opened.
At the same time of lack of money, there is also a shortage of talents. The reason why the tax department has not been able to expand rapidly is because of the shortage of talent. And not only the tax department is short of people, but also Liaodong, Sanbian, and Yansui are all short of people.
Liaodong has been recovered, and the next step is to immigrate to farm, after all, there are only hundreds of thousands of soldiers and civilians in Liaodong now, and the population is too small.
The next step is to resettle and cultivate the land, from Shandong and Hebei and other places. When there are many immigrants, it is necessary to manage it and set up a government government. In Liaodong and the three sides, there will no longer be places controlled by the gentry, as in the interior. Therefore, in Liaodong and the three sides, it is necessary to establish a perfect grass-roots official system, and while re-establishing prefectures and counties, it is necessary to establish a perfect system of protecting the armor, and the chief of the Bao, as well as the auxiliary officials of the prefectures and counties, all need a large number of talents.
Of course, retired officers and soldiers can serve as armor protection officers, but state and county assistant scribes need real scholars to be competent. The number of talents required is extremely large, and it is completely impossible to meet the needs of graduates from various schools under the Academy of Sciences.