"I followed the Yuan system in the Ming Dynasty and set up 13 political envoys in the Central Plains, in charge of civil affairs in various places, and in order to separate powers, we also set up the Department of Procuratorial Envoys and the Department of Command of Envoys, in charge of criminal law and military.

The political envoys are divided into left and right, all of which are from the second grade, and there are many people participating in politics under it, all of whom are from the third grade, and there are councilors under the political participation, all of which are from the fourth grade. According to the probation envoy, there are three grades, and there are four deputy envoys under it, and then there are more than five ranks, all of which are provincial-level officials.

The deputy envoy of the political council and the council is assigned to the outside world for the purpose of guarding the road and patrolling the road, and there are a large number of such divisions. For example, there are six prefectures in Shandong, and there are as many as 16 divisions, five prefectures in Shanxi, 13 expatriate divisions, and eight prefectures in Shaanxi, with 24 divisions!

There are prefectures in counties, prefectures in prefectures, and there are divisions in the prefectures, and above the divisions are political envoys and envoys, and there are too many officials in charge of officials and too few officials in charge of the people. Among the local officials, the magistrate is the pro-people official, but there are only seven grades, while the government officials are all above the fourth grade.

In fact, there is also a governor and governor above the three divisions, and he is a feudal official of the first and second grades!

The magistrate is a pro-people official, and there are tens of thousands of herdsmen, but he is a seven-grade petty official, and there are too many officials above him, and it is too late to serve and flatter the prefect above, how can there be kung fu to be close to the people?

There are many officials who manage people, but there are few officials who do things, and over time, officials only know how to sit and talk about the Tao, flattering the superiors and subordinates, who wants to care about the life and death of the people? is the county magistrate, in addition to making money, all the general affairs are also pushed to the master Xu officials, and they are never willing to do it themselves. ”

Zhu Youzhen talked eloquently, telling about the shortcomings of the Ming magistrate's system, and Hong Chengchou and Wen Tiren nodded again and again when they heard it.

Wen Tiren is okay, he has been staying in the imperial court since he was a lieutenant and has never experienced any more places, while Hong Chengchou has been in a place for a long time, has been a sub-guard such as participating in politics, and has also been a governor, so he naturally has deep feelings about what Zhu Youzhen said.

"However, the Ming official system has been inherited from the time of Taizu, what can I do about it?" Wen Tiren sighed. I have to say that the official system set up by Zhu Yuanzhang is very unreasonable, but it is not easy to change.

Hong Chengchou nodded and did not speak.

"The two Aiqing are both familiar with history, can they know which dynasty and which generation of officials have the best?" Zhu Youzhen asked.

Wen Tiren thought for a while: "It should be the time of the Tang Dynasty, right?" ”

Zhu Youzhen shook his head: "The Tang Dynasty is good, but in my opinion, the most reasonable one with the best official system is the Han Dynasty!"

During the Han Dynasty, the system of counties was implemented, with counties above them and imperial courts above them. The territory under the jurisdiction of the county is basically the same as the current county, and the county is equivalent to the current government, the county order rank of 1,000 stone in the Han Dynasty, the rank of the county guard is 2,000 stones, and the rank is comparable to that of the nine members of the imperial court, and the status is extremely respectful, far exceeding the current prefect!

The county commander has a very high status, and there are not many governors above, so there is no need to spend a lot of time flattering the boss, and more time can be spent on things close to the people. This is also where I think the official position in the Han Dynasty was better than that of the Ming Dynasty. ”

"Your Majesty is very true." Hong Chengchou and Wen Tiren both said. I have to say that what Zhu Youzhen said is very reasonable. Take Da Mingzhi County as an example, it is only a seven-grade petty official, and any official above is bigger than him, and in order to be promoted, he has to spend most of his energy on meeting the above, where is there time to manage civil affairs?

The quality of the pro-people officials who manage the people is extremely low, doesn't this show that the imperial court does not pay attention to the people at all?

"Besides, under the county, the system of officials under Daming County is the biggest failure!" Zhu Youzhen continued.

"During the Han Dynasty, the official referred to the county magistrate, and the subordinate official was called the official, in fact, there was no substantial difference between the officials, and it was common for the prime minister to be born as a subordinate official. In the Ming Dynasty, the officials were one in the sky and the other on the ground.

In fact, Taizu's time was better, whether it was a jinshi, a prisoner or a servant, the court was still appointed. When it came to becoming an ancestor, it was first stipulated that Xu officials were not allowed to serve as imperial historians, and then it was stipulated that Xu officials were not allowed to be admitted to the Jinshi. Since then, the 'official' and the 'official' have obviously separated from each other, and the officials and nobles have been lowly until now.

Since becoming an ancestor, Xu officials have become lowly and have no way to rise from then on. If there is no way to rise, you can only dig out your mind to use it to make money, bully the people, and harm the people.

However, the disadvantages of the Ming official system determined that the Qingliu officials who were born in Jinshi did not care about general affairs, so that the affairs of the yamen were all in the hands of the officials.

The two Aiqing were both Jinshi backgrounds, and they all knew that the scholars studied the Four Books and the Five Classics for the sake of the middle school, and there was no time to waste on specific affairs, so most of the Jinshi officials did not know how to manage the government and the people, so they had to hand over the affairs of the yamen to the officials to deal with.

The selection can be delayed, the punishment can be light or severe, the financial endowment can be encroached upon, the ceremony can be abolished, human life can be in and out, the lawsuit can be large or small, and the project can be increased or decreased!

Election, punishment, endowment, ceremony, human life, lawsuits, and construction are all directly handled by the officials. These officials have been handed down from generation to generation and are most familiar with these matters.

Qingliu officials who were born in Jinshi looked down on Xu officials, but they had to rely on Xu officials who were inseparable from them at all. And the officials also thought that they were despicable, and knew that no matter how good they were, there was no room for promotion, so they didn't know what to do, so they tried their best to cheat and do evil.

So much so that among the officials in the world, all of them are traitors, and there are only a handful of honest and self-loving people, so I have spent a lot of effort to rectify this class of officials. ”

After saying a big talk, Zhu Youzhen gasped slightly. Of course, this insight came from the soul tour, and it was only after the soul tour that I had such a sober understanding. However, listening to Wen Tiren's ears, it is no less than the morning bell and dusk drum, which is shocking.

"Listening to Your Majesty's high arguments today, I really know the disadvantages of the Ming official system, no wonder Your Majesty will spend such a price to rectify the rule of local officials." Wen Tiren praised from the bottom of his heart, now that he is really convinced, all the original incomprehension of the emperor has disappeared.

Hong Chengchou bowed slightly, he had heard the emperor talk about it many times, and he was not so shocked.

"However, Weichen still has some problems, like now, it is good to take down all the officials of the prefecture and county yamen and replace them with poor scholars of the clan, but I am afraid that these scholars of the clan are not familiar with general affairs, wouldn't it be bad to let them be officials? There is also the issue of promotion, how does Your Majesty solve their way up? Wen Tiren asked.

Zhu Youzhen smiled slightly, looked at Hong Chengchou, and motioned for Hong Chengchou to answer.

"I didn't take down all the officials," Hong Chengchou said with a smile, "Among the yamen at all levels, not all the officials are extremely evil, and those who are lightly responsible will still retain some, and they will assist the clan scholars, plus these clan scholars are all literate and ink and know arithmetic, so it will not be a problem to be familiar with general affairs over time."

As for the issue of promotion, of course, in the future, Xu officials can also be promoted to officials, and if Xu officials do well, they can become county commanders and prefects, and even enter the imperial court as six high-ranking officials! ”