Chapter 340 Correct Name
Yun Yao cooks food every day, and then Confucius teaches her lessons.
Confucius didn't teach Yun Yao how to govern the country, after all, women don't have the opportunity to govern the country, he just taught Yun Yao the aesthetic content, basically talking about the "Book of Songs" and talking about music, that's all. He didn't think that women needed to learn the content of governing the country and securing the country, but fortunately, Yun Yao was indeed not interested in Confucius's political ideas, but she still hoped to hear Confucius talk about "Yi".
After all, Confucius's philosophical thoughts are all in the "Zhou Yi", so after listening to the Book of Poetry and music for almost a year, and finding that Confucius has no new content, Yun Yao boldly proposed: "Teacher, I have memorized the content of the Book of Songs, and I am also clear about the principles of music, and I also asked the master to teach me the Book of Changes." "Yun Yao has a belly of "Yi" in her stomach, a belly in the literal sense. Because the three bamboo slips in the homeland of the human race, "Bagua", "Lianshan Yi" and "Returning to Tibet" have all been eaten by Yun Yao, and these three sets of bamboo slips belong to the category of "Yi", so I hope the master will talk about it well.
When Zilu heard it, he felt that Yun Yao was bragging, and Zi Gong frowned again and again, obviously thinking that Yun Yao was too arrogant, and he wanted to learn Yi after only one year of entry? They haven't learned it for decades.
Yan Hui has already learned, but he has not learned it all, he is helping Confucius compile the "Book of Changes".
Confucius looked at Yun Yao and remembered what he said, 'Only women and villains are difficult to raise, those who are close are not inferior, and those who are far away are resentful'. This year, she gave Yun Yao a good look, so she dares to ask now! This is close but not inferior, that is, if you are close, you will not be polite, you will not follow the rules, and you will have to make demands.
"The content of the Book of Songs is broad and profound, and it is not enough to just memorize it backwards, but also need to be understood." To learn and apply, the "Book of Songs" can also be regarded as an allusion, so the communication between cultural people is often 'taken out of context', that is, through the Book of Poetry to express their current situation.
For example, Confucius was trapped in Chen Cai before, and he used the verses in the Book of Poetry to express his troubles.
In the future, there is 'learning mathematics, physics and chemistry to go all over the world', and in the Spring and Autumn Period, it is 'learning the Book of Poetry and going all over the world is not afraid', and even in diplomatic occasions, the Book of Poetry is used as diplomatic rhetoric.
"I understand, the Book of Songs is actually a summary of what people all over the world do, and we are now learning the Book of Songs not only to learn history, but also to learn a norm. For example, if the Lu people and the Chu people meet together, one wants to chopsticks and the other wants chopsticks, obviously it is the same thing but the chicken and duck talk about it, but if the "Book of Songs" is the standard, then it is not chopsticks but chopsticks. Yun Yao found that Confucius and Zilu were stunned, obviously shocked by her understanding, but Yun Yao did not finish speaking, and continued: "The teacher is now compiling the "Book of Songs" and deleting some content to sort out the "Three Hundred Poems", in fact, it is also to narrow the differences and unify the standards, so as not to have chopsticks and chopsticks in it, so that the "Book of Songs" will lose its reference value, which is what the teacher said "correct name". ”
Yun Yao said that she knew too much about the Book of Songs, because she did not have "Three Hundred Poems" but "Three Thousand Poems" in her hands. Although there is a lot of content, it is messy, and it is impossible for everyone to use "Three Thousand Poems" as a standard to communicate.
As countries get bigger and bigger, cultures become more and more divided, and the same item has different names, so that people from different regions can't communicate when they meet. Now, if you only rely on 'Yayan', it is difficult to accurately communicate between different countries, because in the process of using Yayan, new words are constantly added, but after adding words, you can't let the people of the world update these new words together, which will make Lu have chopsticks and Chu chopsticks.
At this time, a standard is needed, is it based on the Yayan of the State of Lu, or is it based on the Yayan of the State of Chu? Obviously, if you choose one or the other, it is not the best answer, and it will lead to the dissatisfaction of Lu or Chu. Therefore, it is based on the "Book of Songs", because the "Book of Songs" can be popular all over the world and can be used as the standard for all the world.
So if someone quotes the chopsticks in the Book of Songs in Chu, then the people of Chu will know that he is talking about chopsticks.
The Book of Songs is a set of standard terms for exchanges in different regions, so there can be no differences, and they must be unified.
Yun Yao said that this understanding is far beyond the "Book of Songs" itself, but the deep role of the "Book of Songs" in the Spring and Autumn Period, which is not only to read the "Book of Songs", this is already analyzing and deconstructing, but also to understand Confucius's "righteous name" thought.
The purpose of justifying the name is to make the society run more smoothly and harmoniously.
Confucius didn't expect this female apprentice to be so perceptive, she understood herself better than other disciples in a year, and she could explain it clearly in such straightforward words, to be honest, the master himself only thought that the Book of Songs was very important, but he did not summarize that the Book of Songs is a standard, and the correct name is to clarify this standard.
"It seems that you can learn "Zhou Yi"." After hearing this, if she didn't teach Yun Yao again, it would delay her.
It's a pity that if it's a woman, if it's a man, maybe she can change this chaotic era.
Several core disciples were very envious, they all knew that Yun Yao was a female disciple, after all, they were too close to Confucius to hide it from them at all. At first, Zilu was still a little angry, thinking that Confucius should not accept female disciples, but at this moment he was convinced. Because of what Yun Yao said, he didn't even think about it.
After having a deep understanding of Yun Yao's wisdom, Confucius wanted to hear Yun Yao's views on self-denial and retribution, after all, he had never asked Yun Yao before, and now that he knows her intelligence, he should ask: "Then what do you think of the idea of self-denial and retribution?" ”
"Self-denial is naturally good, but there is no clear standard. Although the standard of reciprocation is very clear, it is clear that the weekly rite does not conform to modern countries. Yun Yao said that self-denial and revenge have their own problems.
"There is still a standard of self-denial, that is, do not do to others what you would not do to yourself." Confucius said that he could refute this, but he couldn't refute it later, after all, he ran into walls everywhere, which showed that everyone was unwilling to accept Zhou Li.
Yun Yao forgot about this, after all, it was too difficult to do what she didn't want to do to others, and many times she chose to forget. If you use this as the standard of self-denial, it is okay, but it is very subjective and cannot be expressed objectively, and it is difficult to grasp the scale. But Yun Yao didn't refute it, because just not being able to do the revenge was enough to make Confucius sad.
"Why is it not national?" Confucius asked.
"It's very simple, because everyone has done the accumulation. A farmer can train a craftsman after two generations of intensive farming. Two generations of diligent craftsmen can train a wanderer. And the traveler has to find a way to make meritorious contributions, find a way to become a minister and a doctor, and the more turbulent the world, the more opportunities. After accumulating the wealth of two generations, the ministers and doctors will think of becoming princes, lords, or even kings. But Zhou Li wants everyone to stop in their position and not jump upward, so why do they have to endure hardships and stand hard work, why do they work hard? Isn't it just that I don't have to look at other people's faces, and I hope that future generations can live a better life? Yun Yao pointed to the reality of people going to high places, people work so hard is to have a hope of jumping, if this hope disappears, then why should everyone work hard? Zhou Li is the black hand that extinguished this flame of hope.
Confucius was shocked, if it is really as Yun Yao said, then his proposition is that he is not getting along with the people of the world.