The Byzantine Empire, although it lost a lot of land, also benefited from it – it was less mixed. Heraclius Hellenized the whole country, and instead of the title of emperor of ancient Rome, he used it (king). Greek was made the official language. Religiously, the difference between the Byzantine Empire and Western Europe cannot be ignored. However, there was a considerable difference within the Byzantine Empire, and in its southern provinces, Coptic Christianity, a branch of Christianity, was generally used more than Orthodox. After the loss of these provinces, the Middle Eastern Orthodoxy became stronger in the remaining provinces. Heraclius divided the country into several military districts to deal with foreign infestation. Urbanization continued to shrink except for the capital, and Constantinople became the largest city in the world at the time.

The plan of the Arabs to try to capture Constantinople failed. The Byzantines were very powerful in their navy at the time, and they had a mysterious firearm: Greek fire. After the initial Arab attack was repulsed, Byzantium began to recover.

The biggest problem of the 8th century was the controversy over the iconoclasm. Leo III ordered the ban on icons, an order that met with great opposition, and riots broke out everywhere throughout the country. Under the leadership of Empress Eileen, at the Second Council of Nicaea in 787, it was decided that icons could be revered, but not worshipped. Erin also planned to marry Charlemagne, King of the Franks, to unify the Eastern and Western Empires, but was unsuccessful. The Isurian dynasty fell at the end of the 8th century. At the beginning of the 9th century, iconoclasm was revived, and in 843 it was stopped again. These controversies prevented the Catholic and Holy Roman Empires, which had begun to separate from them, from which they could reunite.

Of course, the latter things after the Tang Dynasty are difficult to understand even if Viga Khan inquires about and consults the literature, all at the same time, Li Mao in the Chang'an Palace desperately recalled after getting the news sent by Wang Sizhong, and the notebook left by the mysterious grandfather gradually perfected the original historical situation.

Also discussed and compiled with him were Zhang Jiuling, He Zhizhang, and Song Jing...... Since Li Mao sent Li Longji and Li Heng to the Americas intact, and Li Longji personally wrote a letter after arriving at that beautiful place, these old guys can be regarded as completely giving up their prejudice against Li Mao.

"Sage, you are really well-informed, the old ministers have only known a few words about the affairs of Rome and Byzantium in the past few years, according to those business travelers, and the envoys left a few words after coming to my Tang Dynasty, but the sage, you open your mouth to say that their national conditions are like a few treasures...... The old ministers and others are really admired, but now that the Byzantine Empire is going to participate in this situation, should we also be cautious in the long run, otherwise it will be dangerous and dangerous for hundreds of thousands of troops to go deep alone......"

"Song Lao is right, the country of Byzantium is not to be underestimated, they have established a strong order since three hundred years ago, and now although they have experienced countless wars and are somewhat falling apart, but the emaciated camel is bigger than the horse, especially at this moment, Viga Lao'er is in cahoots with them, which makes the situation even more complicated, and in addition, the black clothes seem to be very restless during this time......"

Li Mao said while looking at the paper on the table about the origin of the Persian Empire, he couldn't help but fall into contemplation again, he really didn't expect the surrounding environment in the Tang Dynasty to be so complicated, after hesitating for a moment, he immediately commanded Yu Chaoen, "Chaoen, you go and call the descendants of Balus into the palace, it is the heir of the last monarch of the Persian Empire, he fled to our Tang Dynasty and then became the ...... of General Youwu."

"Whoa! It's just that at this moment, the slave is afraid that it will be difficult to find, I wonder if a few old men still have an impression? "Oh, the descendant of the general Luce that the sage said, the old man still knows something!" He Zhizhang opened the conversation again, and began to talk like a chatterbox.

"I remember that at that time, it was still Gaozong in the court, and the Persia where they were located was still called the Sassanid Kingdom, and Prince Luce was considered their last prince...... As for his descendants, it seems that there is a grandson who is an official in Luoyang, and the specific place can be found out by going to the Central Province to find out......"

"Old He, why do you remember this Sassanid Dynasty so clearly, could it be that my Tang Dynasty still had something to do with it at the beginning......" Li Mao couldn't help but ask casually driven by curiosity, but it didn't matter if this question was asked, He Zhizhang was like an old master who wanted to show off his learning, and he started to tell endlessly.

This Sassanid dynasty was the last of the Persian dynasties, and its founder, Ardashir, was named after the Sassanid grandfather. It was the beginning of the reign of Persia in 226 and the first unification of Persia since the Achaemenid Empire, and is considered the second Persian Empire. It was named after Sassanid, the grandfather of its founder, Ardashir I. In 226, after the Sassanid Dynasty destroyed the Parthian Dynasty, the new Persian Empire was established, which fought against the Byzantine Empire and the Hinda for a long time, and its territory changed frequently, but it always controlled the Iranian plateau that you spoke of, and the two river basins of Iraq, and the large areas of southern Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, and western Pakistan marked on the map you drew by the sage. When the Sassanid Empire arose, it disintegrated the Kushan Empire, which was at that time on the verge of extinction. Later, he competed with Byzantium for hegemony for a long time. During the reign of Khosloes I, the dynasty was at its peak, stretching from the Euphrates River in the west, the Persian Gulf in the south, the Caucasus, Armenia, the Amu Darya River in Central Asia in the north, and the Pamirs in the east. Kuslao's grandson, Kuslao II?? Parvez expanded aggressively, once occupying most of the provinces of the ancient Persian Empire, but was eventually defeated by Emperor Heraclius I of Byzantium, deposed by Kuslao II, and was killed soon after. In 637 the Arabs invaded, in 642 the dynasty was overthrown, and in 651 the last king, Isiqi III, was in Mulu (present-day Maru, Turkmenistan) in Central Asia. His son Balus fled to the Tang Dynasty in the East and served as the general of the right army, these are roughly the origin of the Sassanid Dynasty, they attacked and killed each other, contained each other, in fact, it is somewhat similar to the past history of our Central Plains, friends and enemies are intertwined, and the old minister thinks that at this time, we might as well learn the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States period again to have a horizontal and vertical technique. ”

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