The text always felt that it was a bit written in a bit of a slump, so I went to reorganize the outline.

Then I found out: the celebrities of the Wen Dynasty will not be able to play in the book for many years······

The thinking is a little confused, so I will introduce several famous ministers of the Wen Dynasty and adjust the state.

Popular science transition chapter, if you don't want to watch popular science, you can not subscribe······

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Jia Yi

In the seventh year of Gaozu of the Han Dynasty (200 BC), Jia Yi was born in Luoyang, a rare talent, and studied under Xunzi's disciple Zhang Cang.

Five years after Han Gao (183 years ago), that is, famous for being able to recite poems and good writings, Henan County Shou Wu Gong summoned it to his disciples, he was very important, under Jia Yifu's left, Wu Gong governed Henan County, outstanding achievements, social stability, and the first in the world.

Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty ascended the throne, heard that Henan County was well governed, and promoted Henan County to be the court captain, and Wu Gong recommended Jia Yi because of the situation. Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty recruited Jia Yi and appointed him with the post of doctor, when Jia Yi was 21 years old, the youngest of the doctors hired.

During his tenure as a doctor, whenever the emperor asked questions for discussion, Jia Yi always had incisive insights and answered fluently, and won the unanimous praise of his peers.

When Jia Yi first served as a doctor in Taizhong, he began to make suggestions for Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty.

In the first year of Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty, Jia Yi proposed to carry out the reform of the ritual system, and designed a complete set of etiquette systems in the Han Dynasty with Confucianism and the Five Elements Theory, advocating "correcting Shuo, changing clothes, making laws, and revitalizing ritual music" to further replace the Qin system.

Because Emperor Wen had just ascended the throne at that time, he thought that the conditions were not yet ripe, so he did not adopt Jia Yi's suggestion.

In the second year of Emperor Wen (178 B.C.), in response to the phenomenon of "turning back on the basics and going to the end" (abandoning agriculture and doing business) and "the trend of extravagance grows day by day", Jia Yi put forward the economic policy of emphasizing agriculture and suppressing business, advocating the development of agricultural production, strengthening grain reserves, and preventing famine.

Emperor Wen of Han took his advice and ordered the encouragement of agricultural production.

Politically, Jia Yi proposed measures to send the liehou out of the capital to his fiefdom.

In view of Jia Yi's outstanding talent and excellent performance, Emperor Wen wanted to promote Jia Yi to the post of minister.

Jianghou Zhou Bo, Guan Ying, Dongyang Hou, Feng Jing and others were all jealous of Jia Yi, and slandered Jia Yi as "young and beginner, obsessed with power, and messing up all things", so Emperor Wen gradually alienated Jia Yi and no longer adopted his opinion.

In the fourth year of Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty (176 BC), Jia Yi was exiled as the prince of Changsha.

Changsha is located in the south, thousands of miles away from Chang'an, Beijing. Jia Yi left Beijing for depreciation, traveled a long distance, and when he passed through the Xiangjiang River, he wrote "Hanging Qu Yuanfu" to hang Qu Yuan and express his grievances.

When Zhou Bo was arrested and imprisoned, Jia Yi went to the "Class" and suggested that Emperor Wen treat the ministers with courtesy.

When Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty, he gave Deng Tong the Yandao Copper Mountain of Shu County, and allowed Liu Bi, the king of Wu, to open the Yuzhang Copper Mountain to mint money, so "Deng's money" and Wu money are all over the world.

In the fifth year of Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty (175 BC), Jia Yi issued a "Advice to Emperor Wen on the Minting of Money" in Changsha, pointing out that private coinage led to chaos in the currency system, which was very unfavorable to the country and the people, and suggested that Emperor Wen order a ban.

In Jia Yi's third year as the prince of Changsha, an ostrich (owl) flew into the room and stopped next to the seat. The owl resembles Juan, which was regarded as an inauspicious bird in the old days. Jia Yi was relegated to Changsha, Changsha low-lying and damp, often sad to himself, thinking that the life span is not long, now the ostrich into the house, even more sad to him, so he wrote "Ostrich Fu" to express his grievances, and to Lao Zhuang's thoughts of life and death, and other blessings and misfortunes to free himself.

After living in Changsha for three years, Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty missed Jia Yi and was recruited into Beijing to meet Jia Yi in the Xuan Room of the Weiyang Palace. Emperor Wen felt something about ghosts and gods, so he asked Jia Yi about the origin of ghosts and gods.

Jia Yi recounted the truth in detail, and talked about it until late at night, when Emperor Wen of Han unconsciously moved to the front of the table. After talking, Emperor Wen of Han said: "I haven't seen Jia Sheng for a long time, and I thought I had surpassed him, but today it seems that I can't compare to him." ”

Jia Yi returned to Chang'an this time, the personnel of the court have changed a lot, the infant has died, Zhou Bo was unjustly imprisoned and pardoned, he returned to the fiefdom of Jiangxian County and no longer cared about court affairs.

But Emperor Wen still did not entrust Jia Yi with a heavy responsibility, but only appointed him as the prince of Liang Huai, who served closer to the imperial court, and Liu Yi, the king of Liang Huai, was the youngest son of Emperor Wen, and he was very favored, which can be regarded as a kind of attention to him.

Jia Yi served as the prince of Liang Huai, although he was in the fief of Liang State, he still observed political affairs and was prepared for danger in times of peace. During this period, the Xiongnu were strong and often invaded the borders of the Han Dynasty; The Han Dynasty had just been established, and the laws and regulations were loose but not strict; The princes and kings exceeded the scope of their own power and occupied more land than the ancient system, and the kings of Huainan and Jibei were all exterminated because of rebellion.

As a result, Jia Yi repeatedly stated political affairs ("Public Security Policy"), which generally focused on three issues: the Xiongnu's invasion of the border, the sparse system, and the princes and Wang Wuning.

In the seventh year of Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty (173 BC), Liu Chang, the king of Huainan, conspired to rebel, and Emperor Wen exiled him to Shu County (now central Sichuan), and Liu Chang committed suicide on the way.

In the second year (172 BC), Emperor Wen made Liu Chang's four sons liehous. Jia Yi was worried that Emperor Wen would then make Liu Chang's sons kings from the marquis, and go to Emperor Wen to advise, but Emperor Wen did not adopt Jia Yi's opinion.

In the eleventh year of Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty (169 years ago), Jia Yi was 32 years old, and entered the dynasty with King Huai of Liang.

King Huai of Liang had no children, and according to the rule, his feudal state would be revoked.

Jia Yi believes that this is not good for the whole situation; It is suggested that the heir of Liang Wang should be established, or let Liu Shen, the acting king, move to Liang State; The fiefdoms of the Liang and Huaiyang states were expanded, so that the fiefdoms of the former reached the Yellow River in the north and the Yangtze River in the south of the latter, thus connecting them. Emperor Wen listened to Jia Yi's suggestion and moved Liu Wu, the king of Huaiyang, to the king of Liang, and Liu Xi, the king of Chengyang, to be the king of Huainan.

Judging from the role of Liu Wu, the king of Liang, in the later rebellion of the Seven Kingdoms of Wu and Chu, the deployment made according to Jia Yi's suggestion was indeed far-sighted.

In the twelfth year of Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty (168 BC), Jia Yi died in depression at the age of thirty-three.

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Wrong

In the seventh year of Emperor Gao of the Han Dynasty (200 BC), Chao Cuo was born in Yingchuan (now Yuzhou, Henan), and studied Legalism under Zhang Hui when he was young.

During the period of Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty, he was too often in charge of Nengwen (Qianshi).

The imperial court recruited people to study the "Book of Shang", Jinan Fusheng offered the art of hiding the wall, Chao Cuo was sent too often, and was ordered to go to Jinan to follow Fusheng to study the "Book of Shang" and accept Confucianism; After returning from his studies, he was appointed as a prince and a doctor, and was later promoted to a doctor.

When Chao was appointed as a doctor, he said in "Yan that the prince should know the number of techniques", and Chen said that the prince should know how to govern the country, which was appreciated by Emperor Wen and worshiped as the prince's family order.

Because Chao Cuo can speak well and analyze problems, he has won the love and trust of the prince Liu Qi, and is known as a "think tank" by the prince's family.

In the eleventh year of Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty (169 years ago), the Xiongnu repeatedly invaded the border, harassed Di Dao, Emperor Wen sent troops to conscript, Chao Cuo took the opportunity to Emperor Wen on the "Words and Soldiers", put forward the view of "attacking the barbarians with barbarians", pointing out that in the Han Dynasty's war against the Huns, the equipment should be strong and sharp, the soldiers should be elite soldiers, the generals should be proficient in military affairs, and the monarch should choose good generals.

Emperor Wen appreciated it and gave Chao Cuo an edict as a reward, but did not adopt Chao Cuo's suggestion to take the initiative.

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Chao Cuo then went to Emperor Wen on "Guarding the Border and Persuading the Peasants", proposing to use economic measures to encourage immigrants and use the method of immigrants to resist foreign troubles, which was adopted by Emperor Wen. As a result, Chao Cuo went to "Recruiting People and Putting Down the Truth", and put forward specific measures on how to resettle the lives of immigrants.

In the fifteenth year of Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty (165 BC), when Chao Cuo was appointed as the crown prince's family commander, Emperor Wen ordered the ministers to nominate virtuous, square, and literary scholars.

At that time, Jia Yi was dead, and among the more than 100 people who participated in the countermeasures, Chao Cuo's answer was the best (i.e., "Raising Virtuous and Good Countermeasures"), which was deeply praised by Emperor Wen, and he was promoted from the prince's family order to the middle doctor.

Since then, Chao Cuo has written to Emperor Wen many times, proposing to cut the princes and reform the decrees; Although Emperor Wen did not adopt it, he appreciated his talent very much.

The crown prince Liu Qi was very much in favor of Chao Cuo's suggestion, while Yuan Ang and other ministers did not like Chao Cuo and opposed it.

In the seventh year of Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty (157 BC), Emperor Wen died, and the crown prince Liu Qi ascended the throne and promoted Chao Cuo to the internal history.

Chao Cuo met Emperor Jing alone many times to discuss national affairs, Emperor Jing obeyed him, and the degree of favor exceeded that of Jiuqing, and many laws and regulations were revised and formulated by his hands.

Prime Minister Shen Tujia was jealous and resentful, and on the grounds that Chao Cuo had dug the temple wall without authorization, he reported to Emperor Jing to execute Chao Cuo, and Chao Cuo got the news in advance, Shen Tujia failed to succeed, so he had to apologize and retreat, and soon fell ill and died.

After the death of Shen Tujia, Emperor Jing promoted Chao Cuo to the imperial historian, ranking as the third duke, and his status became more and more noble.

In the second year of Emperor Jing (155 BC), Chao Cuo once again stated the sins of the princes to Emperor Jing, asked for a reduction of fiefdoms, the recovery of the side counties, and proposed to reduce the feudal domain. Shang Shu's "Cutting Strategy" pointed out: "Today's cutting is also the opposite, and not cutting is also the opposite." Cutting it, its counter-urgency, small disaster; If you don't cut it, it will be too late, and the disaster will be great. ”

The chapter was sent, and Emperor Jing ordered the ministers, the princes and the royal family to gather to discuss, because Emperor Jing favored Chao Wrong, no one dared to openly oppose it, only Dou Ying disagreed, and since then he has formed a grudge with Chao Cuo.

Emperor Jing's edict: to cut down the Changshan County of the King of Zhao, the six counties of the King of Jiaoxi, the Donghai County and Xue County of the King of Chu, and the Yuzhang County and Huiji County of the King of Wu.

Chao Cuo changed the thirty articles of the decree, and the princes were in an uproar, all of them strongly opposed and hated Chao Cuo.

More than ten days after Emperor Jing issued the order to cut the feudal domain, Wu Chu and other seven kingdoms rebelled in the name of punishing Chao wrong, which was the rebellion of the seven kingdoms of Wu and Chu.

When Emperor Jing heard the news, he discussed with Chao Cuo about sending troops; Chao Cuo suggested that Emperor Jing of the Han Dynasty drive the expedition in person and stay in the capital by himself.

When Dou Ying entered the palace, he asked Emperor Jing to summon Yuan An.

Yuan Ang once served as the prime minister of Wu State, so Emperor Jing asked Yuan Ang, Yuan Ang thought that the rebellion of the Seven Kingdoms of Wu and Chu was not enough trouble, and asked Emperor Jing to retreat from others, and offered advice: "The purpose of Wu Chu's rebellion is to kill Chao Cuo and restore the original fief; As long as the mistake is cut down, the envoy is sent to announce the pardon of the Seven Kingdoms, and the fiefdom that has been cut back can be restored, and the rebellion can be eliminated without bloodshed. Emperor Jing was silent for a long time and decided to sacrifice Chao Cuo in exchange for the princes' retreat.

So he named Yuan Ang too often, and asked him to secretly rectify his outfit and send an envoy to Wu State.

More than ten days after Yuan Ang's advice, Prime Minister Tao Qing, Lieutenant Chen Jia, and Ting Lieutenant Zhang Ou jointly wrote a letter to impeach Chao Cuo, proposing that Chao Cuo be beheaded all over the house.

Emperor Jing approved this movement, and Chao Cuo did not know about it at this time. So Emperor Jing sent a lieutenant to Chao Cuo's house and issued an edict to deceive Chao Cuo into going to the court to discuss matters.

The carriage and horse passed through Chang'an East City, and the lieutenant stopped, read the edict to Chao Cuo, and cut Chao Cuo, who was still wearing court clothes at that time.

After Chao Cuo's death, Captain Deng Gong returned from the front line to report the military situation, and Emperor Jing inquired about the progress of the negotiations. Deng Gong thought that the princes rebelled, and the Qing monarch was just an excuse, and the killing of Chao Cuo blocked the mouths of the loyal ministers internally, but avenged the princes and kings externally, and the rebellion would not be quelled.

Emperor Jing thought so deeply and worshiped him as Lieutenant Chengyang.

Later, Emperor Jing sent an edict to crusade, and won the victory in less than three months.

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Shen Tujia

Shen Tujia was a native of Suiyang (present-day Shangqiu City, Henan Province) in the Liang Kingdom, and as a samurai who could draw a strong bow and a crossbow, he followed Liu Bang and attacked Xiang Yu, and was promoted to a petty officer called Captain (Squad Leader) for his military exploits.

When he followed Liu Bang to attack the rebels of Tubu, he was promoted to the rank of lieutenant.

During the reign of Emperor Hui of the Han Dynasty, he was promoted to the county guard of Huaiyang. (Alas······ ）

In 179 B.C. (the first year of Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty), those officials who had followed Emperor Gao in the southern and northern wars and were now living at 2,000 stone were all awarded the title of Marquis of Guannei, and a total of 24 people were awarded this title, and Shen Tujia got 500 households.

After Zhang Cang became prime minister, Shen Tujia was promoted to the imperial historian.

After Zhang Cang was dismissed as prime minister, Emperor Xiaowen wanted to appoint the empress's younger brother Dou Guangguo as prime minister, but said: "I am afraid that this will make the world think that I prefer Dou Guangguo." ”

Dou Guangguo is a very talented person and has a good moral character, so the emperor wants to appoint him as prime minister.

But after a long period of consideration, Emperor Wen of Han still thought that he was not suitable. Most of the ministers of Emperor Gao's time have died, and there seems to be no suitable candidate among the living.

Therefore, he appointed Shen Tujia as the prime minister, and named him the former Marquis of Anhou with the original food estate.

Shen Tujia is honest and upright, and does not accept private visits at home.

At that time, Deng Tong, the Taizhong doctor, was particularly favored by the emperor, and the emperor rewarded him with tens of thousands of dollars. Emperor Wen of Han once went to his house to drink and have fun, which shows the extent of the emperor's favor for him. At that time, Prime Minister Shen Tu Jia entered the court to meet the emperor, and Deng Tong stood by the emperor's side, and the etiquette was a little slow.

After Shen Tujia finished his work, he continued: "Your Majesty, if you like your favorite minister, you can give him wealth and nobility, which is okay, but the etiquette in the court must be taken seriously. ”

The Emperor said, "Please don't say any more, I will teach him in private." ”

Shen Tujia came back to sit in the Prime Minister's Mansion and issued a warrant for Deng Tong to come to the Prime Minister's Mansion, and if he didn't come, he would behead Deng Tong. Deng Tong was very scared and went into the palace to tell Emperor Wen.

Emperor Wen said: "It is okay for you to go, I will immediately send someone to summon you into the palace." ”

Deng Tong came to the Prime Minister's Mansion, took off his hat, took off his shoes, and kowtowed to Shen Tujia to plead guilty.

Shen Tujia sat there very casually, deliberately not treating him with courtesy, and at the same time reprimanded him: "The imperial court, it is the imperial court of Emperor Gaozu. You Deng Tong is just a small minister, but you dare to do casually on top of the main hall, this is a big crime of disrespect, and you should be killed. Come on, execute it now, and behead him! ”

Deng Tong kowtowed, and blood flowed from his head, but Shen Tujia still didn't say spare him.

Emperor Wen estimated that the prime minister had made Deng Tong suffer, so he sent an envoy to summon Deng Tong into the palace with the emperor's festival, and apologized to the prime minister and said: "This is my pro-courtier, you can spare him!" ”

After Deng Tong returned to the palace, he cried and said to Emperor Wen: "Cheng almost killed me!" ”

In June of the seventh year of the Later Yuan Dynasty (157 BC), five years after Shen Tujia served as prime minister, Emperor Wen of Han died and Emperor Jing of Han ascended the throne.

In the second year of Emperor Jing of the Han Dynasty (155 B.C.), Chao Cuo was favored by the emperor and served as the internal historian, with a very high status and great power, and he asked the emperor to change many laws and regulations. At the same time, it was discussed how to weaken the power of the princes by means of derogatory punishment.

And Prime Minister Shen Tujia also felt that what he said was not adopted, so he hated Chao Wrong.

The gate of the Inner History Mansion was originally opened from the east to the outside of the palace, so that Chao Cuo had many inconveniences to enter and exit, so Chao Cuo took it upon himself to dig another wall gate to the south.

And the wall that is chiseled by the door to the south is the outer wall of the Taishang Emperor Temple. After Shen Tujia heard about it, he wanted to use the excuse that Chao Mistake had dug the wall of the temple as a door without authorization, punished him for the crime, and asked the emperor to kill him. But one of the wrong people told him about it.

Chao Cuo was very frightened, and ran to the palace overnight to meet the emperor, surrender to Emperor Jing, and explain the situation.

When it came to the morning of the next day, Prime Minister Shen Tu Jiazuo asked to kill Nei Shi Chao Cuo. Emperor Jing said: "The wall that Chao Cuo chiseled is not the real wall of the Zongmiao, but the outer wall of the Zongmiao, so there are other officials living in it, and this is what I asked him to do, Chao Cuo is not guilty." ”

After retiring from the dynasty, Shen Tujia said to Changshi: "I regret very much that I didn't kill Chao Cuo first, but I reported to the emperor first, but I was deceived by Chao Cuo." After returning to the Prime Minister's Mansion, he died of anger and vomited blood, and was nicknamed Jiehou.

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